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Cognitive Informatics, Computer Modelling, and Cognitive Science: Theory, Case Studies, and Applications presents the theoretical background and history of cognitive science to help readers understand its foundations, philosophical and psychological aspects, and applications in a wide range of engineering and computer science case studies. Cognitive science, a cognitive model of the brain, knowledge representation, and information processing in the human brain are discussed, as is the theory of consciousness, neuroscience, intelligence, decision-making, mind and behavior analysis, and the various ways cognitive computing is used for information manipulation, processing and decision-making.

Mathematical and computational models, structures and processes of the human brain are also covered, along with advances in machine learning, artificial intelligence, cognitive knowledge base, deep learning, cognitive image processing and suitable data analytics.

Identifies how foundational theories and concepts in cognitive science are applicable in other fields Includes a comprehensive review of cognitive science applications in multiple domains, applying it to neural engineering, robotics, computer science and STEM Includes models of brain processing, consciousness, decision-making, and more Provides in-depth technical coverage of cognitive informatics and computing, including coverage of cognitive knowledge base, information theory, cognitive machine learning and intelligence

The Washington Monument, the Lincoln Memorial, the Jefferson Memorial. Why do we devote monuments to the presidents? Why do we honor them, instead of Congress, or the courts? A Presidential Nation examines how the presidency (an office limited by the Constitution and separation of powers) became the centerpiece of American government. Michael A. Genovese argues that in rebelling against the British, the Framers of the Constitution invented a circumscribed presidency to guard against executive tyranny. Yet, over time, presidential power has risen and congressional power declined to a point where the United States has a near imperial presidency. Reexamining the status of presidential power in the post-9/11 world, Dr. Genovese considers the alternatives, if any, to the current model of presidential power. A Presidential Nation is perfect for students of American Presidency and Federal Governance courses and anyone interested in the changing authority of the American political system.

Cultural and regional differences in creating and managing advertising require unique responses to a dynamic, rapidly globalising business environment. To be global in advertising is no longer to be homogenised or standardised, it is to be at the leading edge of social and cultural trends that are changing the world as we know it.Global Advertising Practice in a Borderless World covers a wide range of adaptive advertising practices, from major and emerging markets, in mainstream and digital advertising. It focuses on understanding how the globalisation of advertising works in practice, explored in three sections:globalising advertising in a media and communications context;advertising in a global world; andglobal advertising in a digital world.Covering past, present and potential futures, through an impressive ensemble of global advertising practitioners and academics, the book combines academic rigour with practical insights to provide a comprehensive analysis of the changing dynamics between advertising and globalisation. It will be of great interest to researchers, educators and advanced students in advertising, global branding, international marketing, international business media, communication and cultural studies.

Focusing on critical approaches to security, this new textbook offers readers both an overview of the key theoretical perspectives and a variety of methodological techniques. With a careful explication of core concepts in each chapter and an introduction that traces the development of critical approaches to security, this textbook will encourage all those who engage with it to develop a curiosity about the study and practices of security politics. Challenging the assumptions of conventional theories and approaches, unsettling that which was previously taken for granted – these are among the ways in which such a curiosity works. Through its attention to the fact that, and the ways in which, security matters in global politics, this work will both pioneer new ways of studying security and acknowledge the noteworthy scholarship without which it could not have been thought. This textbook will be essential reading to advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of critical security studies, and highly recommended to students of traditional security studies, International Relations and Politics.

Focusing on critical approaches to security, this new textbook offers readers both an overview of the key theoretical perspectives and a variety of methodological techniques. With a careful explication of core concepts in each chapter and an introduction that traces the development of critical approaches to security, this textbook will encourage all those who engage with it to develop a curiosity about the study and practices of security politics. Challenging the assumptions of conventional theories and approaches, unsettling that which was previously taken for granted – these are among the ways in which such a curiosity works. Through its attention to the fact that, and the ways in which, security matters in global politics, this work will both pioneer new ways of studying security and acknowledge the noteworthy scholarship without which it could not have been thought. This textbook will be essential reading to advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of critical security studies, and highly recommended to students of traditional security studies, International Relations and Politics.

For the last seven decades, urban settlement policy worldwide has been increasingly dominated by modernist precepts and by urban decisions made in discipline-specific ’silos’. The urban management consequences have been invariably negative, with increasing sprawl, fragmentation and separation resulting in a wide range of environmental, social and economic problems. This book explores the role of movement in a more integrated approach to urban settlement, and how thinking, policies and actions need to change. South Africa is used as a particularly good case study, since patterns of sprawl, fragmentation and separation have been exacerbated by apartheid, while recent legislation has demanded a reversal of these tendencies.

The Washington Monument, the Lincoln Memorial, the Jefferson Memorial. Why do we devote monuments to the presidents? Why do we honor them, instead of Congress, or the courts? A Presidential Nation examines how the presidency- an office limited by the Constitution and separation of powers- became the centrepiece of American government. Michael A. Genovese argues that in rebelling against the British, the Framers of the Constitution invented a circumscribed presidency to guard against executive tyranny. Yet, over time, presidential power has risen and congressional power declined to a point where the United States has a near imperial presidency. Reexamining the status of presidential power in the post-9/11 world, Dr. Genovese considers the alternatives, if any, to the current model of presidential power. A Presidential Nation is perfect for students of American Presidency and Federal Governance courses and anyone interested in the changing authority of the American political system.

Originally published in 1970. Drawing on his knowledge of business methods in Europe, America and Asia, Ronald Ogden examines the necessity for control in a business and the ways in which it should be exercised in order to obtain the most effective and profitable results. He shows that control can be exercised through carefully planned objectives which must, in their turn, be broken down into clearly defined targets. Realistic planning is discussed, and the author considers the effective implementation of plans by means of various techniques such as budgeting, costing, staff control, operational research, and network planning. The study will be of interest not only to managers but also to students of management concerned with modern business techniques and with the functions and responsibilities of management and control.

Originally published in 1970. Drawing on his knowledge of business methods in Europe, America and Asia, Ronald Ogden examines the necessity for control in a business and the ways in which it should be exercised in order to obtain the most effective and profitable results. He shows that control can be exercised through carefully planned objectives which must, in their turn, be broken down into clearly defined targets. Realistic planning is discussed, and the author considers the effective implementation of plans by means of various techniques such as budgeting, costing, staff control, operational research, and network planning. The study will be of interest not only to managers but also to students of management concerned with modern business techniques and with the functions and responsibilities of management and control.

A special section on adolescent substance abuse highlights Volume 29 of Adolescent Psychiatry. Contributions range from an examination of brain myelination in relation to onset of addictive disorders (Bartzokis) to the screening instruments used to detect substance use disorders (Rosner) to practical aspects of psychiatric assessment and management of substance abusing adolescents (Havivi). Topical studies focus on the changing patterns of use and health risks of the "designer drug" Ecstasy (Grob); the club drugs gamma-hydroxybutyrate and ketamine (Miotto et al.); and adolescent pathological gambling, a behavioral disorder with strikingly addictive features. Taken together, these illuminating essays converge in an appreciation of adolescent substance abuse and addiction in all their biopsychosocial complexity.Elsewhere in Volume 29, contributors review neuroimaging studies in an effort to shed light on adolescent psychiatric disorders (Day et al.); reevaluate the construct of borderline personality disorder as it pertains to adolescence (Becker & Grilo; Paris); and present the encouraging results of a pilot project on the psychodynamic psychotherapy of adolescents with panic disorder (Milrod et al.). A case series on the treatment of hospitalized adolescents who deliberately ingest foreign objects (Petti et al.) and a case study of the cross-cultural issues that arose in the therapy of an Asian American adolescent (Shen et al.) enlarge the clinical and cultural scope of the volume. True to the legacy of previous volumes in the series, Volume 29 of Adolescent Psychiatry brings within its purview all the elements of a multidimensional grasp of adolescent development, psychopathology, and treatment. Neuroscientific findings, empirical clinical studies, case series, and descriptions of clinical approaches all take their place in this illuminating and richly textured collection.

A special section on adolescent substance abuse highlights Volume 29 of Adolescent Psychiatry. Contributions range from an examination of brain myelination in relation to onset of addictive disorders (Bartzokis) to the screening instruments used to detect substance use disorders (Rosner) to practical aspects of psychiatric assessment and management of substance abusing adolescents (Havivi). Topical studies focus on the changing patterns of use and health risks of the "designer drug" Ecstasy (Grob); the club drugs gamma-hydroxybutyrate and ketamine (Miotto et al.); and adolescent pathological gambling, a behavioral disorder with strikingly addictive features. Taken together, these illuminating essays converge in an appreciation of adolescent substance abuse and addiction in all their biopsychosocial complexity.Elsewhere in Volume 29, contributors review neuroimaging studies in an effort to shed light on adolescent psychiatric disorders (Day et al.); reevaluate the construct of borderline personality disorder as it pertains to adolescence (Becker & Grilo; Paris); and present the encouraging results of a pilot project on the psychodynamic psychotherapy of adolescents with panic disorder (Milrod et al.). A case series on the treatment of hospitalized adolescents who deliberately ingest foreign objects (Petti et al.) and a case study of the cross-cultural issues that arose in the therapy of an Asian American adolescent (Shen et al.) enlarge the clinical and cultural scope of the volume. True to the legacy of previous volumes in the series, Volume 29 of Adolescent Psychiatry brings within its purview all the elements of a multidimensional grasp of adolescent development, psychopathology, and treatment. Neuroscientific findings, empirical clinical studies, case series, and descriptions of clinical approaches all take their place in this illuminating and richly textured collection.

For the last seven decades, urban settlement policy worldwide has been increasingly dominated by modernist precepts and by urban decisions made in discipline-specific ’silos’. The urban management consequences have been invariably negative, with increasing sprawl, fragmentation and separation resulting in a wide range of environmental, social and economic problems. This book explores the role of movement in a more integrated approach to urban settlement, and how thinking, policies and actions need to change. South Africa is used as a particularly good case study, since patterns of sprawl, fragmentation and separation have been exacerbated by apartheid, while recent legislation has demanded a reversal of these tendencies.

Serving as a touchstone for a much-needed research program on social scales, this volume challenges disciplinary boundaries and brings into focus a paradoxical state of affairs in contemporary thought: the domain of local-global interactions has not yet been identified as an object of analysis in its own right, despite engaging a large, multi-disciplinary research community with strong potential for cross-fertilization. Bringing together internationally renowned as well as emerging scholars, this book presents concrete case studies framed by theoretical concern with the issue of scale. It demonstrates that a diverse array of theoretical, methodological and empirical perspectives can productively converge on a common set of problems related to social, temporal and spatial scales and contemporary globalization. Local Politics, Global Impacts will stimulate empirical and theoretical research that focuses on understanding how political concepts, practices, and instruments translate across scales, and contribute to the emergence of a self-aware community of scholars and practitioners focusing explicitly on modelling the dynamics of local-regional-global interactions.

How can cartoon images aid in understanding bacterial biological processes? What prompts physicists to blur their images before showing them to biologists? Considering that the astronomer’s data consists solely of invisible, electric impulses, what is the difference between representing outer space as images, graphs, or sound? How does a work of contemporary art differ from a scientific image if we cannot visually distinguish between the two? How do aesthetics, art, and design influence scientific visualization and vice versa? This volume asks critically important questions about scientific data representation and provides significant insights to a field that is interdisciplinary in its very core. The authors investigate scientific data representation through the joint optics of the humanities and natural sciences. The volume particularly appeals to scholars in visual and aesthetic studies, data visualization, scientific illustration, experience culture, information design, and science communication.

Cultural and regional differences in creating and managing advertising require unique responses to a dynamic, rapidly globalising business environment. To be global in advertising is no longer to be homogenised or standardised, it is to be at the leading edge of social and cultural trends that are changing the world as we know it.Global Advertising Practice in a Borderless World covers a wide range of adaptive advertising practices, from major and emerging markets, in mainstream and digital advertising. It focuses on understanding how the globalisation of advertising works in practice, explored in three sections:globalising advertising in a media and communications context;advertising in a global world; andglobal advertising in a digital world.Covering past, present and potential futures, through an impressive ensemble of global advertising practitioners and academics, the book combines academic rigour with practical insights to provide a comprehensive analysis of the changing dynamics between advertising and globalisation. It will be of great interest to researchers, educators and advanced students in advertising, global branding, international marketing, international business media, communication and cultural studies.

Serving as a touchstone for a much-needed research program on social scales, this volume challenges disciplinary boundaries and brings into focus a paradoxical state of affairs in contemporary thought: the domain of local-global interactions has not yet been identified as an object of analysis in its own right, despite engaging a large, multi-disciplinary research community with strong potential for cross-fertilization. Bringing together internationally renowned as well as emerging scholars, this book presents concrete case studies framed by theoretical concern with the issue of scale. It demonstrates that a diverse array of theoretical, methodological and empirical perspectives can productively converge on a common set of problems related to social, temporal and spatial scales and contemporary globalization. Local Politics, Global Impacts will stimulate empirical and theoretical research that focuses on understanding how political concepts, practices, and instruments translate across scales, and contribute to the emergence of a self-aware community of scholars and practitioners focusing explicitly on modelling the dynamics of local-regional-global interactions.

While the concept of communication has long been bound to a reductive model of the exchange of information, very few scholars of communication would argue that these assumptions are realistic, without a long list of qualifying caveats. But the concept of communication, built from the integration of semiotic signification with the idea of information as the 'carrier' of transmitted meaning, is so deeply ingrained and simple that even displacing it can seem futile, if not absurd. Nevertheless, these foundational assumptions tightly constrain the ways in which any interactional phenomena can be conceived--and constraints upon our ways of understanding communication drastically limit our capacity to understand our worlds and the social processes that generate them, at any scale or level of abstraction.  Communication as Gesture traces the concept of communication from its roots in classical rhetoric to its integration in structural linguistics, semiotics, information theory, and cybernetics, integrating perspectives from contemporary rhetorical theory, relational psychology, interactional sociology, philosophy, cognitive linguistics, discourse studies, multimodal semiotics, and more. Because so much of our contemporary world is lived with and through digital media technologies, the study of new media and social media provides a rich illustration of the constraints imposed by our reductive assumptions--and hints at the possibilities generated by rethinking them. The gesture theory of communication introduced presents a dimensional account of communication that is intuitively accessible and theoretically rich while overturning reductive assumptions of the linear character of interaction.

Why do we make the decisions we do? And how can we understand what influences our decisions? Non-Corporeal Actant Theory explores decisions and outcomes through the perspective of values, beliefs, ideas, and concepts - all integral parts of our everyday lives and the actor-networks that we take part in as decision-makers.  Connecting Values to Action: Non-Corporeal Actants and Choice brings together a cast of expert contributors to delve into this theory and its ramifications for our lives. With chapters that analyze decisions made by death-defying free climbers, indigenous people facing the loss of their culture, and corporates responding to the #MeToo movement, editor Christopher M. Hartt examines how decisions are affected by the widening range of actor-networks that come with social media and technological development. For anyone struggling to understand how a decision is made, Connecting Values to Action offers a pathway to finding the causes of that decision. Exploring the role of non-corporeal actants on the very real consequences of decisions, this is an unmissable book for students and researchers of management and decision-making.

Discover ways to implement various deep learning algorithms by leveraging Python and other technologiesKey FeaturesLearn deep learning models through several activitiesBegin with simple machine learning problems, and finish by building a complex system of your ownTeach your machines to see by mastering the technologies required for image recognitionBook DescriptionDeep learning is rapidly becoming the most preferred way of solving data problems. This is thanks, in part, to its huge variety of mathematical algorithms and their ability to find patterns that are otherwise invisible to us.Deep Learning from the Basics begins with a fast-paced introduction to deep learning with Python, its definition, characteristics, and applications. You'll learn how to use the Python interpreter and the script files in your applications, and utilize NumPy and Matplotlib in your deep learning models. As you progress through the book, you'll discover backpropagation—an efficient way to calculate the gradients of weight parameters—and study multilayer perceptrons and their limitations, before, finally, implementing a three-layer neural network and calculating multidimensional arrays.By the end of the book, you'll have the knowledge to apply the relevant technologies in deep learning.What you will learnUse Python with minimum external sources to implement deep learning programsStudy the various deep learning and neural network theoriesLearn how to determine learning coefficients and the initial values of weightsImplement trends such as Batch Normalization, Dropout, and AdamExplore applications like automatic driving, image generation, and reinforcement learningWho this book is forDeep Learning from the Basics is designed for data scientists, data analysts, and developers who want to use deep learning techniques to develop efficient solutions. This book is ideal for those who want a deeper understanding as well as an overview of the technologies. Some working knowledge of Python is a must. Knowledge of NumPy and pandas will be beneficial, but not essential.

Joining a thriving field of new media, this collective volume authored by global academics features important research by thought leaders within computer-mediated communication (CMC) and social media. Featuring 40 comprehensive chapters of new research that focuses on what is new, relevant, and cutting edge in the areas of CMC and social media, authors critically explore topics ranging from social media theories to civil rights. Divided into three parts, the handbook begins with theory and methods, which sets the foundation for the text and then moves into the applicability of strategy, tactics, and measurement. The final focus is toward the future of CMC and social media and its impact on the study and practice of communication.Uniquely relating social media communication research to its computer-mediated communication foundation, as well as digital and emerging media trends, this handbook is an indispensable resource whether you're a graduate student or a seasoned practitioner.

While past public crises were addressed by focusing on protecting the public safety and maintaining public order, public crises today, such as the COVID-19 outbreak, require different responses and face more challenges. Crisis Communication in China examines crisis communication strategies taken by the Chinese government during public crises and discusses how the public react to these strategies, exploring the cultural context and the development of digital media as critical factors underlying the strategies adopted.Much of the previous research on crisis communication in China adopted Coombs’ Situational Crisis Communication Theory. However, as a theory proposed and developed in the West, its application in a non-Western culture requires testing. In addition, cultural influences and the role of digital technology have been discussed in some existing literature, but few studies have attempted to integrate these elements into crisis communication theories. In order to fill these two gaps, this research analyses the Chinese government’s crisis communication strategies during the H7N9 crisis, examining not only the government’s management of the crisis but also the public’s reaction to the official communication process. It also explores the cultural context and the development of digital media as critical factors underlying the strategies adopted. The analysis contributes to development of a comprehensive theory that incorporates these two elements, which shows and identifies related crisis communication strategies emerged from cultural traditions and the development of digital media.

Open government data (OGD) has developed rapidly in recent years due to various benefits that can be derived through transparency and public access. However, researchers emphasize a lack of use instead of lack of disclosure as a key problem in OGD’s present development. Previous studies have approached this issue either from the supply-side, focusing on data quantity and quality, or from the demand-side, focusing on factors that affect users’ acceptance of OGD, but seldom consider both sides at the same time. This unique study compares the supply and demand sides of OGD and explores possible directions for the future development of OGD portals based on the discovered mismatches between the two. The authors improve OGD utilization by balancing the supply-side and demand-side according to citizens’ demands through OGD portals. Based on the concept of an OGD ecosystem, four connected studies are explored. The first study built an evaluation framework for understanding the development of the OGD supply-side. The second study focuses on a survey conducted to analyze the awareness and utilization of OGD portals by citizens, who are the primary users and major beneficiaries of OGD on the demand-side. A third study compares the supply and demand sides based on Diffusion of Innovation theory. A final study tests the proposed usability criteria for building an OGD portal by carrying out a between-subjects experiment including a virtual agent. Each case study examines a unique aspect of OGD in China, and also offers reflections on future directions for developing OGD. Providing a unique and enhanced theoretical and practical understanding of OGD and its usage, as well as proposing directions for OGD portals’ future development in order to encourage citizens’ OGD utilization, this is a must-read for researchers and policymakers examining the impact and possibilities of OGD.

In educational policy, research and practice circles, there has been much attention in recent times to the power and potential of social networks for supporting educational improvement. Improving the Relational Space of Curriculum Realisation foregrounds the potential of the relational space, and its improvement, in the context of curriculum realisation in particular.Curriculum reform is a key lever in systems’ efforts to meet ambitious goals for student achievement, progress and wellbeing. Both large-scale reform and school-level curriculum change present learning demands for school leaders and teachers alike, and they simultaneously give rise to challenges and opportunities for those charged with giving effect to them. The authors highlight the role of social capital in addressing those demands, challenges, and opportunities, emphasising the need to improve the relational space within which curriculum change takes place.Improving the Relational Space of Curriculum Realisation outlines an approach to intervention that helps educators solve problematic patterns in their networks, leverage resources better within and across school networks, and embed relational conditions that are conducive to ambitious curriculum goals being realised.

Solve challenging and computationally intensive analytics problems by leveraging network science and graph algorithms Key FeaturesLearn how to wrangle different types of datasets and analytics problems into networksLeverage graph theoretic algorithms to analyze data efficientlyApply the skills you gain to solve a variety of problems through case studies in PythonPurchase of the print or Kindle book includes a free PDF eBookBook DescriptionWe are living in the age of big data, and scalable solutions are a necessity. Network science leverages the power of graph theory and flexible data structures to analyze big data at scale.This book guides you through the basics of network science, showing you how to wrangle different types of data (such as spatial and time series data) into network structures. You’ll be introduced to core tools from network science to analyze real-world case studies in Python. As you progress, you’ll find out how to predict fake news spread, track pricing patterns in local markets, forecast stock market crashes, and stop an epidemic spread. Later, you’ll learn about advanced techniques in network science, such as creating and querying graph databases, classifying datasets with graph neural networks (GNNs), and mining educational pathways for insights into student success. Case studies in the book will provide you with end-to-end examples of implementing what you learn in each chapter.By the end of this book, you’ll be well-equipped to wrangle your own datasets into network science problems and scale solutions with Python.What you will learnTransform different data types, such as spatial data, into network formatsExplore common network science tools in PythonDiscover how geometry impacts spreading processes on networksImplement machine learning algorithms on network data featuresBuild and query graph databasesExplore new frontiers in network science such as quantum algorithmsWho this book is forIf you’re a researcher or industry professional analyzing data and are curious about network science approaches to data, this book is for you. To get the most out of the book, basic knowledge of Python, including pandas and NumPy, as well as some experience working with datasets is required. This book is also ideal for anyone interested in network science and learning how graph algorithms are used to solve science and engineering problems. R programmers may also find this book helpful as many algorithms also have R implementations.

The ebook edition of this title is Open Access and freely available to read online.Discourses of social justice, equity and inclusion are often presented as given constructs to schools, with the expectation for school leaders to construct schooling provision and practices to ‘solve’ a wider societal, national, and global plaguing problem. While schools are crucial to ensure the provision of equitable education, they may also contribute, advertently or inadvertently, to the transformation of socio-economic inequalities into educational inequalities. Presenting theoretical pieces and case studies from Malta and Australia, in addition to using examples of applied social theory, such as Actor-Network Theory, Denise Mifsud unravels the conceptual confusion around the terms social justice, equity, and inclusion in relation to schooling and highlights the numerous persistent challenges faced when striving for equity in education.The critical conceptual arguments and empirical research presented in Schooling for Social Justice, Equity and Inclusion will be of interest to academics, policymakers, and practitioners in the educational policy and leadership fields internationally. Additionally, each chapter features pedagogical elements, including discussion questions and annotated bibliographies, that will help take the scholar experiment with novel methodologies and social theories and apply these to their own context while transporting them across disciplines in researching issues of social justice, equity and inclusion.

The Road to Neofeudalism anchors its enquiry on the novel concept of neofeudalism that has surfaced to center stage across the fields of media and communication, Internet studies, critical policy studies and political theory. Through an in-depth analysis of neofeudalism using empirical research, Patelis examines the Greek political party Syriza—the embodiment of collective subjectivity. Critical discussions dissect the link between Syriza and social movements, revealing its neofeudalist politics. Unpublished research spanning 2015 to 2023 sheds light on Syriza’s rise, fall, and pivotal role in Western debates.Situating the rise of Syriza and Greece within a broader context, chapters analyze telecommunications deregulation, market domination, and the influence of GAFAM (Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon, Microsoft) in social movements. Dissecting Syriza’s winning 2015 digital campaign, Patelis presents original research on their communication strategies and the tools employed—political content marketing, targeting, and social media metrics.The Road to Neofeudalism is essential reading for both postgraduate and undergraduate students who study politics, digital media, and communication practices. It is also relevant to social media researchers, especially those with an interest in issues of privacy, surveillance and self-presentation online.

Following a recent mathematical, algorithmic, and computational turn in the field of social sciences, and particularly design aspects of contemporary organisations, Organisation and Governance Using Algorithms explores the problem of governance in organisations from a mathematical perspective.Avramopoulos offers a ground-breaking theory and application on organisational systems design, including discussions on organisational systems design requirements, such as productivity, emotion, and reward, the problems of unaccountability, including hierarchical delegation, and the benefits of accountable design.The suggested theoretical approach views organizational actors as computer processors that communicate through a shared infrastructure – both physical and digital – and suggests scientific principles and mechanisms by which to correct inequality and advance democratic governance in organisations.

Platform Governance and Social Justice outlines principles and mechanisms social media platforms have adopted to govern hate speech, exploring how a social justice approach to hate speech regulation would effectively reduce the circulation of harmful content targeting historically oppressed groups. Focusing on the two interrelated topics of hate speech and platform governance, Paloma Viejo Otero pursues how platform governance (policies, regulation, moderation) are supported by different ideals and approaches to hate speech.Identifying four traditional approaches that have underpinned hate speech regulation in the contemporary digital landscape, Otero proposes a fifth approach called the Social Justice Approach (SJA), an original contribution to the field of research. Combining interviews with CEOs of platforms that are guided by policies, compared to conventional commercial platforms such as Facebook, and interviews with users/participants on these platforms, SJA is presented as a possible alternative to the dominant policy position of platform governance.Could an SJA approach possibly reduce the circulation of harmful content directed at marginalised and oppressed groups and subjects? Otero answers this question and more as social media’s influence and popularity continues to grow.