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The second edition of Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry: A Practical Guide follows the highly successful first edition by F.G. Kitson, B.S. Larsen, and C.N. McEwen (1996), which was designed as an indispensible resource for GC/MS practitioners regardless of whether they are a novice or well experienced. The Fundamentals section has been extensively reworked from the original edition to give more depth of an understanding of the techniques and science involved with GC/MS. Even with this expansion, the original brevity and simple didactic style has been retained. Information on chromatographic peak deconvolution has been added along with a more in-depth understanding of the use of mass spectral databases in the identification of unknowns. Since the last edition, a number of advances in GC inlet systems and sample introduction techniques have occurred, and they are included in the new edition. Other updates include a discussion on fast GC and options for combining GC detectors with mass spectrometry. The section regarding GC Conditions, Derivatization, and Mass Spectral Interpretation of Specific Compound Types has the same number of compound types as the original edition, but the information in each section has been expanded to not only explain some of the spectra but to also explain why certain fragmentations take place. The number of Appendices has been increased from 12 to 17. The Appendix on Atomic Masses and Isotope Abundances has been expanded to provide tools to aid in determination of elemental composition from isotope peak intensity ratios. An appendix with examples on "Steps to follow in the determination of elemental compositions based on isotope peak intensities" has been added. Appendices on whether to use GC/MS or LC/MS, third-party software for use in data analysis, list of information required in reporting GC/MS data, X+1 and X+2 peak relative intensities based on the number of atoms of carbon in an ion, and list of available EI mass spectral databases have been added. Others such as the ones on derivatization, isotope peak patterns for ions with Cl and/or Br, terms used in GC and in mass spectrometry, and tips on setting up, maintaining and troubleshooting a GC/MS system have all been expanded and updated. Covers the practical instruction necessary for successful operation of GC/MS equipment Reviews the latest advances in instrumentation, ionization methods, and quantitation Includes troubleshooting techniques and a variety of additional information useful for the GC/MS practitioner A true benchtop reference A guide to a basic understanding of the components of a Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) Quick References to data interpretation Ready source for information on new analyses

Immune Rebalancing: The Future of Immunosuppression summarizes the most promising perspectives of immunopharmacology, in particular in the area of immunosuppression by considering molecular pathways, personalized medicine, microbiome and nanomedicine.

Modulation of immune responses for therapeutic purposes is a particularly relevant area, given the central role of anomalous immunity in diseases. These diseases vary from the most typically immune-related syndromes (autoimmune diseases, allergy and asthma, immunodeficiencies) to those in which altered immunity and inflammation define the pathological outcomes (chronic infections, tumours, chronic inflammatory and degenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, etc.

Visits immunosuppression from a modern point of view of signalling mechanisms at the light of the current knowledge of signalling mechanisms and regulatory networks allows the reader to formulate new ideas and concepts on how to use immunosuppression the therapeutic purposes Encourages researchers to engage into exploring the field of pharmacological modulation of immune responses in depth, and with the new knowledge and tools available, designs more effective therapeutic strategies to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, cancer, degenerative diseases and infections Examines the link between molecular pathways associated to immune-suppression and the new immunopharmacology approaches Provides information on the new strategies for drug development in this field Considers the role of microbes in the development of the mammalian immune system and immune responses, which will widen the reader's strategy for addressing therapeutic immune modulations

This book studies the techniques of construction technology and services, and the principles of environmental and materials science and their applications. It also studies the nature and the historical development of the built environment together with the roles of people working in the construction industry. This wide range of topics is of practical use to students and practitioners studying and working in building construction, civil engineering, surveying, planning and development. The style of writing is kept simple and supported by a clear explanations, a structured layout, practical examples and diagrams. Includes definitions, checklists and keyword summaries to help students preparing for tests, examinations and assignments.

This book studies the principles and techniques of construction resource management, finance and costing, measurement and pricing. This range of topics is of practical use to students and practitioners studying and working in building construction, civil engineering, surveying, planning and development. The style of writing is kept simple and supported by a clear explanation, a structured layout, practical examples and diagrams. The highlighted definitions, checklists, and keyword summaries will also help students preparing for tests, examinations and assignments.

In an era where the world feels increasingly interconnected yet divided, Social-Emotional Learning in English Language Teaching unveils the profound impact of incorporating social-emotional learning (SEL) into language education. With compelling narratives and relatable examples, the authors showcase how emotional intelligence, empathy, and well-being are not just buzzwords, but essential elements for thriving in today’s global community. Through the lens of language education, they introduce the concept of affective communicative competence and advocate for a practice of responsible well-being that aims to support the holistic well-being of educators and learners. Blending meticulously researched theory with practical applications, the book is structured to facilitate both comprehension and application through practical SEL activities or reflective questions. As a critical resource for educators, researchers, and policymakers aiming to enrich the language-learning landscape, Social-Emotional Learning in English Language Teaching equips practitioners with the tools to foster environments where social-emotional and linguistic growth can flourish in tandem.

Trauma-Sensitive Practices in English Language Teaching offers a compassionate, practical guide to the knowledge and tools teachers need for creating classrooms that are safe, supportive, and empowering for all students, particularly those affected by trauma. Through a blend of rigorous research and practical applications, the book presents an accessible approach to integrating trauma-sensitive methodologies into English language teaching. With a strong emphasis on a healthy educational atmosphere and on the well-being of educators, the authors advocate for strategies that manage teacher stress and prevent burnout. They also highlight the profound impact of trauma on learning and illustrate how thoughtful, informed teaching practices can enhance student engagement, learning outcomes, and emotional stability. By turning theory into action, Trauma-Sensitive Practices in English Language Teaching invites educators to rethink traditional approaches and embrace innovative strategies that support healing, resilience, and educational success. Whether you are a new teacher or a seasoned educator, this book provides valuable insights that will inspire and guide readers in making a lasting impact in the educational community.

In a world where language connects people across cultures, Teaching for a Better World invites readers to imagine classrooms where words do more than teach grammar; they build empathy, resilience, and understanding. This groundbreaking volume is the first to focus on the integration of social-emotional learning (SEL) into English language teaching from a global perspective, bringing together educators and researchers from diverse cultural and educational contexts. Through conceptual discussions, research, and practical examples, the authors demonstrate how English lessons can also be lessons in compassion, collaboration, and global citizenship.Organized into three sections—Conceptual Pieces, Empirical Studies, and Practical Examples—the book offers a comprehensive examination of SEL’s theoretical foundations, evidence-based practices, and real-world classroom applications. Contributors explore SEL through lenses such as culturally responsive pedagogy, trauma-sensitive practices, teacher and student well-being, ecolinguistics, and intercultural dialogue. Readers will find innovative and practical ways to create inclusive, culturally responsive classrooms; support student and teacher well-being; and use English as a bridge for intercultural dialogue. Accessible and inspiring, this book’s combination of conceptual depth, empirical rigor, and applied strategies position it as a foundational resource for advancing research and practice in SEL-informed English language pedagogy worldwide.Readers of Teaching for a Better World willLearn pedagogically sound ways to foster empathy and resilience while creating inclusive, culturally responsive classrooms.Find ready-to-use lesson plans and activities.Encounter diverse perspectives of educators from a range of contexts, including conflict-affected regions, refugee resettlement contexts, and higher education.

First published in 1971 this volume claims that nitration is important for two reasons. First, because it is the most general process for the preparation of aromatic nitro-compounds, and secondly, on account of the part it has played in the development of theoretical organic chemistry. The special concern of this monograph is with those nitrating systems in which mechanistic studies have established, or made probable, the identity of the agent through which they effect nitration. It presents a summary of the understanding of the nitration process. A discussion of the various types of nitrating systems leads to the conclusion that nitration is generally effected through the nitronium ion. The mechanism of the substitution is examined, and discussed in terms of reactivity for particular groups of aromatic compounds.

Since the end of World War II, leaders of the Jehovah's Witness movement in both Germany and elsewhere have steadfastly argued that Witnesses were united in their opposition to Nazism and did not collude with the Third Reich. Documents have been uncovered, however, that prove otherwise. Using materials from Witness archives, the U.S. State Department, Nazi files, and other sources, M. James Penton demonstrates that while many ordinary German Witnesses were brave in their opposition to Nazism, their leaders were quite prepared to support the Hitler government.Penton begins his study with a close reading of the "Declaration of Facts" released by the Witnesses at a Berlin convention in June 1933. Witness leaders have called the document a protest against Nazi persecution, however closer examination shows it contained bitter attacks on Great Britain and the United States - jointly referred to as "the greatest and most oppressive empire on earth" - the League of Nations, big business, and above all, Jews, who are referred to as "the representatives of Satan the Devil."It was later, in 1933 - when the Nazis would not accept Witness blandishments- that leader J.F. Rutherford called on Witnesses to seek martyrdom by carrying on a campaign of passive resistance. Many ultimately died in prisons and concentration camps, and postwar Witness leaders have attempted to use this fact to assert that Jehovah's Witnesses stood consistently against Nazism.Drawing on his own Witness background and years of research on Witness history, Penton separates fact from fiction during this dark period.

This edited volume comprises an insightful collection of international autoethnographies from doctoral candidates in the field of applied linguistics, narrating and analyzing their student experiences to problematize and challenge the dominant and oppressive cultures of academia.Through 12 select contributions, the book examines the intersection of identity work and emotional labor in the doctoral student journey, sharing insights into the potential of autoethnography for self-reflection, community building, and healing in doctoral studies. Contributors examine their doctoral journeys through personal narratives and testimonials to understand their own experiences, agency, identity, and emotions, encouraging current or former doctoral students to engage in the critical reflection of their own experiences. Chapters are divided into four themes: interrelating multiple identities, navigating and negotiating in-betweenness, engaging emotions and wellbeing, and establishing support systems. Offering unique perspectives from a global spread of Ph.D. candidates, this book will be highly relevant reading for researchers and prospective or current doctoral students of applied linguistics, language education, TESOL, and LOTE. It will also be of interest to those interested in higher education, dissertation research, and autoethnography as a method.

This edited volume comprises an insightful collection of international autoethnographies from doctoral candidates in the field of applied linguistics, narrating and analyzing their student experiences to problematize and challenge the dominant and oppressive cultures of academia.Through 12 select contributions, the book examines the intersection of identity work and emotional labor in the doctoral student journey, sharing insights into the potential of autoethnography for self-reflection, community building, and healing in doctoral studies. Contributors examine their doctoral journeys through personal narratives and testimonials to understand their own experiences, agency, identity, and emotions, encouraging current or former doctoral students to engage in the critical reflection of their own experiences. Chapters are divided into four themes: interrelating multiple identities, navigating and negotiating in-betweenness, engaging emotions and wellbeing, and establishing support systems. Offering unique perspectives from a global spread of Ph.D. candidates, this book will be highly relevant reading for researchers and prospective or current doctoral students of applied linguistics, language education, TESOL, and LOTE. It will also be of interest to those interested in higher education, dissertation research, and autoethnography as a method.

This edited volume brings the important topic of teacher well-being to the fore, presenting a range of high quality and cutting-edge contributions that illuminate, advance and educate readers on the challenges and criticality of achieving teacher well-being in English language teaching (ELT). Taking Sarah Mercer’s call for action to make teacher well-being a priority in the ELT field, and adopting an ecological perspective reflective of the stance that teacher well-being is a societal duty and not a personal responsibility, the contributors present theoretically and methodologically innovative research studies from all around the world. The term ‘teacher’ is used to refer to those who deliver English instruction in a variety of formal and informal educational settings and at different levels including K-12 schools, adult education, higher education, teacher education programs, and in community organizations. Chapters offer clear implications for research and practice, and explore effective practices and interventions that can contribute to the improvement of teacher well-being overall. Addressing a profession which is not only characterized as being filled with high levels of stress, but delving into specific challenges around ELT in particular, the authors crucially speak to themes around the additional emotional investment and labor which come with being an English language teacher. As such, it will appeal to academics and researchers in the field of English language teaching, including scholar-practitioners, and teacher educators.

This edited volume brings the important topic of teacher well-being to the fore, presenting a range of high quality and cutting-edge contributions that illuminate, advance and educate readers on the challenges and criticality of achieving teacher well-being in English language teaching (ELT). Taking Sarah Mercer’s call for action to make teacher well-being a priority in the ELT field, and adopting an ecological perspective reflective of the stance that teacher well-being is a societal duty and not a personal responsibility, the contributors present theoretically and methodologically innovative research studies from all around the world. The term ‘teacher’ is used to refer to those who deliver English instruction in a variety of formal and informal educational settings and at different levels including K-12 schools, adult education, higher education, teacher education programs, and in community organizations. Chapters offer clear implications for research and practice, and explore effective practices and interventions that can contribute to the improvement of teacher well-being overall. Addressing a profession which is not only characterized as being filled with high levels of stress, but delving into specific challenges around ELT in particular, the authors crucially speak to themes around the additional emotional investment and labor which come with being an English language teacher. As such, it will appeal to academics and researchers in the field of English language teaching, including scholar-practitioners, and teacher educators.

Supporting Equitable Assessment for Multilingual Learners of English introduces the E5 model of equitable assessment, an original ramework developed by the authors to guide fair and culturally responsive evaluation of multilingual learners of English. The model integrates five guiding principles: equity, equality, educational justice, equanimity, and empowerment, across three interrelated dimensions: affective, social-moral, and technical. Drawing on research, professional expertise, and lived classroom experience, the book examines the historical context of language assessment as well as its policies, the central role of emotional well-being, and the balance between content rigor and language accessibility. Each chapter combines conceptual foundations with practical tools, adaptable rubrics, and reflection prompts that enable educators to design assessments fostering student agency, cultural relevance, and academic mastery. The authors also address emerging opportunities and challenges, including the integration of technology, the impacts of global migration, and shifts in educational policy. By centering student voice and identity, this book provides educators, leaders, and policymakers with actionable strategies for building assessment systems that are academically rigorous, culturally grounded, and responsive to the evolving needs of today’s students.

Supporting Equitable Assessment for Multilingual Learners of English introduces the E5 model of equitable assessment, an original ramework developed by the authors to guide fair and culturally responsive evaluation of multilingual learners of English. The model integrates five guiding principles: equity, equality, educational justice, equanimity, and empowerment, across three interrelated dimensions: affective, social-moral, and technical. Drawing on research, professional expertise, and lived classroom experience, the book examines the historical context of language assessment as well as its policies, the central role of emotional well-being, and the balance between content rigor and language accessibility. Each chapter combines conceptual foundations with practical tools, adaptable rubrics, and reflection prompts that enable educators to design assessments fostering student agency, cultural relevance, and academic mastery. The authors also address emerging opportunities and challenges, including the integration of technology, the impacts of global migration, and shifts in educational policy. By centering student voice and identity, this book provides educators, leaders, and policymakers with actionable strategies for building assessment systems that are academically rigorous, culturally grounded, and responsive to the evolving needs of today’s students.

This pioneering collection provides a space for Latin American English language teacher educators and leaders to share their innovative professional practices. Their autoethnographic contributions adeptly intertwine personal trajectories with wider societal and pedagogical narratives, elucidating crucial themes across the region’s terrains.Latin America’s English language pedagogy still trails behind on the global stage despite countries like Argentina, Brazil, and Colombia bolstering their English teacher education and enhancing the delivery of English as a foreign language. This landscape demands a deeper scholarly inquiry, particularly at the crossroads of innovative pedagogies and their real-world applications within the distinctive milieu of Latin America. Spanning the entire continent and a vast variety of teaching and learning contexts, this book’s contributors tackle challenges including collaboration, professional identity and development, queer texts, democratizing access, social justice and materials design.Gathering perspectives and experiences through auto-, duo- and trio-ethnographic chapters, this collection of personal and deeply collaborative reflections is a powerful account of first-person lived experiences in TESOL teacher education in Latin America.

Since 1876, Jehovah’s Witnesses have believed that they are living in the last days of the present world. Charles T. Russell, their founder, advised his followers that members of Christ’s church would be raptured in 1878, and by 1914 Christ would destroy the nations and establish his kingdom on earth. The first prophecy was not fulfilled, but the outbreak of the First World War lent some credibility to the second. Ever since that time, Jehovah’s Witnesses have been predicting that the world would end “shortly.” Their numbers have grown to many millions in over two hundred countries. They distribute a billion pieces of literature annually, and continue to anticipate the end of the world.For almost thirty years, M. James Penton’s Apocalypse Delayed has been the definitive scholarly study of this religious movement. As a former member of the sect, Penton offers a comprehensive overview of the Jehovah's Witnesses. His book is divided into three parts, each presenting the Witnesses’ story in a different context: historical, doctrinal, and sociological. Some of the issues he discusses are known to the general public, such as the sect’s opposition to military service and blood transfusions. Others involve internal controversies, including political control of the organization and the handling of dissent within the ranks.Thoroughly revised, the third edition of Penton’s classic text includes substantial new information on the sources of Russell’s theology and on the church’s early leaders, as well as coverage of important developments within the sect since the second edition was published fifteen years ago.

‘I’ve left you a list on my desk,’ Rick said . . . The house fell silent and I wandered into the study to collect my instructions. There was only one scrawled piece of paper on the desk so there was no mistaking the single command. It said: organize Christmas. Helen is finally finding her feet just in time for the looming festive season.Surrounded by family, friends and the finer things in life, Helen’s generous offer to organize Christmas for the neurotic Leoni soon snowballs into an unmanageable avalanche of tasks when her chaotic boss dumps his seasonal arrangements on her too. And with Julia heading towards a mind-boggling midlife crisis of her own, it looks as though Helen is well and truly stuffed!And so it begins, the season of good grief to all women . . .Praise for Alison Penton Harper:'Laugh-a-minute, frothy fun' Sunday Express

"Heaven save us from ourselves. And if you can’t manage that, I’d settle for saving me from me. Just when I thought it was safe to go back in the water, here I am again, drowning for all to see. Not waving, as the troubled swimmer once famously said. I busied myself with any household task I could find . . ."Recently widowed but putting a brave face on it all (thanks to a not insignificant windfall) Helen’s only problem, it seems, is the imminent arrival of her fortieth birthday. Not something she can possibly avoid, ignore or sulk about – not with friends like Leoni and sisters like Julia around . . .And there is much to celebrate. A beautiful new flat, gorgeous hospitable neighbours and a delicious sense of freedom that only money can buy. Until, that is, money becomes the one big fat problem in Helen’s life and she becomes part of the unwilling army of the employed. But it is no ordinary job that Helen is qualified for, in fact she is qualified for precious little, which leads to her first ever encounter with ‘the boss from hell’ . . .