Viral Hepatitis

Arie Zuckerman is chair of the Hepatitis B Foundation UK. He was the Director of?WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Viral Hepatitis from 1974-1989 and 1990-2006. He was also?Principal and Dean of the Royal Free and University College Medical School and Principal and Dean of the Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine. Howard Thomas?is Vice President of British Liver Trust, 1993-present and Hepatitis B Foundation - Trustee, 2005-present. He was also President of British Association for the Study of the Liver 1996-1998. Anna Lok is a Professor of Internal Medicine and Director of Clinical Hepatology at the University of Michigan Medical Center. Her contributions include:?hepatitis B's?role in infection, treatment of hepatitis-induced diseases, development?of?cost-effective methods for preventing recurrent hep B infection following liver transplantation, and long-term effects of interferon treatment in patients with hep C. Stephen Locarnini's research group is composed of: molecular diagnostics, new drug targets in HBV and molecular pathogenesis. Stephen is also the Director of the World Health Organisation (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Virus Reference and Research at the VIDRL.

Contributors vii Preface xii Section I: Introduction to Liver Biology 1 Liver regeneration and fibrosis 3 Stuart J. Forbes and Malcolm R. Alison 2 Hepatic immunology 13 Gyongyi Szabo and Johanna Bruneau Section II: Hepatitis A Virus 3 Structure molecular virology natural history and experimental models 29 Gerardo Kaplan, Krishnamurthy Konduru, Mohanraj Manangeeswaran, Jerome Jacques, Nadia Amharref and Siham Nakamura 4 Epidemiology and prevention 43 Benjamin Cowie and Stephen A. Locarnini Section III: Hepatitis B Virus and Other Hepadnaviridae 5 Structure and molecular virology 65 Souphalone Luangsay and Fabien Zoulim 6 Epidemiology and prevention 81 Philip R. Spradling, Dale J. Hu, and Brian J. McMahon 7 Other Hepadnaviridae (including Avihepadnaviridae and woodchuck hepatitis viruses) 96 Stephen A. Locarnini and Michael Roggendorf 8 Molecular variants of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) 107 Seyed Mohammad, Jazayeri Seyed, Moayed Alavian, Payam Dindoost, Howard C. Thomas and Peter Karayiannis 9 Molecular variants of the precore core and core promoter regions of hepatitis B virus and their clinical significance 127 Peter Karayiannis, William F. Carman and Howard C. Thomas 10 Natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection 143 Yun-Fan Liaw 11 Extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis B infection 154 Christian Trepo, Majid Amiri and Loic Guillevin 12 Hepatocellular carcinoma: Molecular aspects in hepatitis B 163 Marie Annick Buendia and Pierre Tiollais 13 Murine models and human studies of pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B 176 Juandy Jo, Anthony Tanoto Tan and Antonio Bertoletti 14 Treatment of hepatitis B 188 Hellan K. Kwon and Annfca S.F. Lok 15 Liver transplantation for chronic hepatitis B and C 203 Ed Gane Section IV: Hepatitis C Virus 16 Structure and molecular virology 221 Michael J. McGarvey and Michael Houghton 17 Epidemiology and prevention 246 Josep Quer and Juan I. Esteban Mur 18 The immune response to HCV in acute and chronic infection 266 Robert Thimme and Salim I. Khakoo 19 Animal models of hepatitis C virus infection 280 Patrizia Farci and Jens Bukh 20 Extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis C virus infection 295 Benjamin Maasoumy, Michael P. Manns and Markus Cornberg 21 Central nervous system complications of hepatitis C virus infection 310 Daniel M. Forton, Simon Taylor-Robinson, Markus Gess and Howard C. Thomas 22 In vitro replication models 325 Volker Lohmann, Sandra Buhler and Ralf Bartenschlager 23 Natural history of chronic HCV infection and non-invasive assessment of hepatic fibrosis 341 Laurent Castera 24 Hepatitis C and hepatocellular carcinoma 353 Hubert E. Blum 25 Treatment of hepatitis C 362 Christoph Welsch and Stefan Zeuzem Thomas-Viral Hepatitis 26 Development of anti-HCV drugs 377 Esperance Schaefer and Raymond T. Chung Section V: Hepatitis D Virus 27 Structure and molecular virology 395 Francesco Negro 28 Epidemiology and natural history 403 Heiner Wedemeyer, Svenja Hardtke and Michael P. Manns 29 Treatment of hepatitis D 410 Alessia Ciancio and Mario Rizzetto Section VI: Hepatitis E Virus 30 Structure and molecular virology 419 Xiang-Jin Meng 31 Epidemiology experimental models and prevention: zoonotic aspects of hepatitis E 431 Subrat Kumar Panda and Satya Pavan Kumar Varma 32 Clinical and pathological features and diagnosis 442 Cyril Sieberhagen and Matthew E. Cramp Section VII: Clinical Aspects of Viral Liver Disease 33 Clinical and diagnostic aspects of viral hepatitis 453 Cui Li Lin, Chelsea Q. Xu and Jack R. Wands 34 Treatment of acute hepatitis severe acute hepatitis and acute liver failure 468 Hans L. Tillmann and Alastair D. Smith 35 Hepatitis and hemophilia 486 Mike Makris and Geoffrey Dusheiko 36 Hepatitis in persons infected with HIV 494 Janice Main and Brendan McCarron 37 Migration hepatitis B and hepatitis C 506 Manuel Carballo, Rowan Cody and Megan Kelly 38 Occupational aspects