Climate Adaptation Futures

Adaptation research and its application is a matter and a book for scientists, students, policy makers at all levels, communities, and people from a wide array of societal sectors (agriculture, tourism, industry, banks, insurance companies, to list only a few examples). Moreover, it appeals to adaptation practitioners of NGOs, aid agencies, and the environmental consultancy sector. (Latin American J. Management for Sustainable Development, 1 October 2014) No doubt, the book succeeds in providing an excellent overview of the most relevant core issues on adaptation. . . Moreover, it appeals to adaptation practitioners of NGOs, aid agencies, and the environmental consultancy sector. (Int. J. Environment and Pollution, 1 November 2014) In sum, the book admirably exposes and debates key issues in climate change adaptation, delivers an overview from the leading edge of adaptation science and is a valuable addition to a diverse and expanding literature. (New Zealand Geographer, 1 April 2014)

Jean Palutikof is the Director of the National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility (NCCARF) where she has built a national program of adaptation research, communication and partnerships. Prior to joining NCCARF she managed the production of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report for Working Group II (Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability). Her research interests focus on climate change impacts, and the application of climatic data to economic and planning issues. Mark Stafford Smith is Science Director of CSIROs Climate Adaptation National Research Flagship, where he oversees the science in a highly interdisciplinary program of research on many aspects of adapting to climate change. His disciplinary background is in drylands systems ecology, management and policy. Andrew Ash is the director of CSIROs Climate Adaptation National Research Flagship, overseeing a nationwide portfolio of research projects, partnerships and collaborations. He works closely with government agencies, businesses and communities on the need to adapt to unavoidable climate change. Sarah Boulter is a Research Fellow with NCCARF where she works on synthesis and communication of adaptation research. Her research background includes studies of biodiversity and reproductive ecology of forested systems and the impacts of climate change. Daniela Guitart is a Research Assistant with NCCARF. She has conducted research on climate change adaptation measures for terrestrial biodiversity, and on community gardens including their contribution to food security and agro-biodiversity conservation. Martin Parry is a visiting Professor at The Centre for Environmental Policy and visiting Research Fellow at The Grantham Institute, Imperial College London. Previously he was Co-Chair of Working Group II (Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability), of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and has held several Professorial positions at University of East Anglia, University College London, the University of Oxford and the University of Birmingham. Marie Waschka is the former Knowledge Communication Manager with NCCARF and in this role established a range of mechanisms to promote and enable the exchange of information to support climate change adaptation. This included the establishment of eight Australian Adaptation Research Networks, and organisation of the Climate Adaptation Futures Conference.

List of Contributors, viii Preface, xii Section 1 Introduction, 1 1 The past, present and future of adaptation: setting the context and naming the challenges, 3 Jean Palutikof, Martin Parry, Mark Stafford Smith, Andrew J. Ash, Sarah L. Boulter and Marie Waschka 2 Uncertainty/limits to adaptation/adapting to +4 C, 31 Stephen H. Schneider Section 2 Advances in adaptation thinking, 47 3 Adaptation research: community, science or discipline?, 49 Andrew J. Ash and Mark Stafford Smith 4 Food security under a changing climate: frontiers of science or adaptation frontiers?, 56 Mark Howden, Rohan A. Nelson and Steven Crimp 5 Emerging dimensions of fair process for adaptation decision-making, 69 W. Neil Adger 6 Conversations on adaptation effectiveness, 75 Robert Kay, Andy Haines, Cynthia Rosenzweig, Will Steffen and Bruce Thom 7 Minimising the risk of maladaptation: a framework for analysis, 87 Jon Barnett and Saffron J. ONeill Section 3 Enabling frameworks and policy for adaptation, 95 8 How much adaptation: are existing policy and institutions enough?, 97 Stephen Dovers 9 Bridging the sciencepolicy interface: informing climate governance in the USA, 103 Diana M. Liverman 10 Wise adaptation to climate change: the view from Japan, 111 Nobuo Mimura 11 Scenarios for picturing a future adapted to +4 C, 119 Mark Stafford Smith 12 Creating legislative frameworks for adaptation, 126 Jan McDonald 13 Natural hazards and insurance, 133 Sandra Schuster Section 4 Engaging with stakeholders, 141 14 Communication of information for adaptation, 143 Marie Waschka and Simon Torok Case Study 1 Designer guidance: climate change information for New Zealand decision-makers, 149 Julie Knauf Case Study 2 Evidence based media: a communication approach for effective climate adaptation, 155 Sabrina McCormick Case Study 3 Indigenous people and climate change adaptation: engagement through tailored communication, research and monitoring, 158 Emma L. Woodward 15 Fostering community acceptance of managed retreat in New Zealand, 161 Anna Vandenbeld and Janet MacDonald 16 Community engagement to resolve climate adaptation conflicts: utilising consensus-building, joint fact-finding strategies and cognitive frames analysis, 167 Julian Prior 17 Shared learning on adapting to climate change in south-east British Columbia, Canada, 177 Stewart Cohen, Michelle Laurie, Ingrid Liepa, Trevor Murdock, Cindy Pearce, Ellen Pond, Olaf Schroth and Jeff Zukiwsky 18 Cultural dimensions of climate change adaptation: Indigenous knowledge and future adaptive management in East Kimberley, Australia, 190 Sonia Leonard and Meg Parsons Section 5 Key challenges in adaptation and development, 201 19 Adaptation, development and the community, 203 Jessica Ayers and Saleemul Huq 20 Climate change and sustainable development in Botswana: towards a framework for adaptation, 215 Opha Pauline Dube 21 The challenge of adaptation that meets the needs of low-income urban dwellers, 227 David Dodman 22 Migration doesnt have to be a failure to adapt: an escape from environmental determinism, 235 Franois Gemenne 23 Climate change adaptation pathways: insights from case studies in South Africa, Canada and the Pacific Islands, 242 Florence Crick, Johanna Wandel, Nic Maclellan and Katharine Vincent Section 6 Natural systems and agricultural production, 255 24 Ecosystem impacts and adaptation, 257 Alistair J. Hobday and Guy F. Midgley 25 Natures technology: an ecosystem-based approach to adaptation, 267 Caroline Cowan Case Study 4 Adaptation strategies of coffee producers in Coatepec, Veracruz, Mexico to climate variability and change, 275 Cecilia Conde, Alejandro Monterroso, Guillermo Rosales and Mara Prez Martn 26 Adaptation measures to climate change in the Mongolian livestock sector, 279 Batimaa Punsalmaa, Bolormaa Buyndalai and Batnasan Nyamsuren Section 7 Water security, 285