A Global Perspective
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Köp båda 2 för 1345 krSTEFAN G. HOFMANN, PHD, is Professor of Psychology in the Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences at Boston University, where he directs the Psychotherapy and Emotion Research Laboratory. His main research focuses on the mechanism of treatment change, translating discoveries from neuroscience into clinical applications, emotion regulation strategies, and cultural expressions of psychopathology. He is the author of more than three hundred scientific publications and twenty books. He is a Highly Cited Researcher by Thomson Reuters, and has many other awards.
Notes on Contributors xv Preface xxiii 1 Research Methods 1 Julian A. Rubel and Wolfgang Lutz Introduction 1 Research on the Frequency, Cause, and Prevention of Psychological Problems, and Disorders 1 Epidemiology 1 Etiology and Analytical Epidemiology 2 Prevention 3 Evaluating Clinical Interventions and Treatments 3 Does the Intervention Work? 4 External Validity 5 Quantifying the Effects of an Intervention 6 Integrating the Results from Multiple StudiesMeta-analyses 7 Is the Intervention Effective for this Specific Patient? 8 How, for Whom, and under which Conditions do Clinical Interventions Work? 10 Summary 12 2 Classification Systems across the Globe 15 Jan Christopher Cwik and Jrgen Margraf Introduction 15 Classification Systems in Western Cultures 16 Atheoretical Classification Systems 16 The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) 16 The International Classification of Diseases, Injuries and Causes of Death (ICD) 17 Theory-based Psychoanalytic and Psychodynamic Classification Systems 18 Classification Systems in Non-Western Cultures 19 The Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders (CCMD) 20 Specific Classification Systems 22 Specific categorical classification systems 22 Specific Noncategorical Classification Systems 23 3 Clinical Interviewing with Adults 29 Christopher C. Conway, Michelle L. Bourgeois, and Timothy A. Brown Introduction 29 Goals of the Clinical Interview 29 Elements of the Clinical Interview 30 Diagnostic Criteria 30 Risk Assessment 32 Behavioral Observation 33 Psychosocial Assessment 34 Interviewing Techniques 35 Reliability and Validity of Interviews 36 Integrating Cultural Context in Interviews 38 Actuarial Judgment 38 Functional Analysis 39 Differential Diagnosis 40 Summary 40 4 Clinical Interviews with Children and Adolescents 43 Eva Charlotte Merten and Silvia Schneider Introduction 43 Clinical Interviews with Children and Adolescents 45 Implementation of Clinical Interviews 51 Diagnostics with Children Needs Training! 51 Age, Age, Age . . . 52 Interviews with Preschool Children 52 Are Children Reliable Informants? 53 Difficulties in Daily Practice 56 Difficulties on the Patients Side 56 Difficulties regarding Taxonomy 57 Difficulties on the Diagnosticians Side 57 Everything Perfect? How Often are Structured Interviews used in Clinical Practice? 58 Summary 59 5 Psychological Tests 65 Robert J. Craig Introduction 65 Principles and Properties of Psychological Tests 66 Types of Psychological Tests 66 Objective Personality Tests 67 The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI/MMPI-2) 67 Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III) 69 The Personality Assessment Inventory 72 The NEO-PI-R 72 Conclusion 73 Projective Clinical Assessment Instruments 73 Rorschach Inkblot Test 73 Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) 73 Other Instruments 74 Computer Test Interpretation 74 Recent Challenges 75 6 A Global Perspective on Neuropsychological Assessment 81 Rachel N. Casas, Matthew Calamia, and Daniel Tranel Introduction 81 Overlapping Histories: Neuropsychological Assessment 82 Purposes of Neuropsychological Assessment 83 Classification of Behavior and Cognition in Neuropsychological Assessment 85 Emotionality 86 Executive Functions 87 Neuropsychological Assessment: Approaches and Methods 87 Approaches Emphasizing Qualitative Methods 87 Approaches Emphasizing Quantitative Methods 88 Critical Considerations for Neuropsychological Assessment in a Global Society 89 Interpretation of Neuropsychological Assessment Results 91 Feedback and Recommendations 93 Future Directions for Neuropsychological Assessment: A Global Perspective 94 7 Culturally Informed Neuropsychological Assessment 99 Rosemary Toomey Introduction 99 The Field of Clinical Neuropsychology 99 Clinical Neuropsychology Assessment 100 Inte