Mobile Terminal Receiver Design

SAJAL KUMAR DAS, ERICSSON, India

Preface xi Abbreviations xiii 1 Introduction to Mobile Terminals 1 1.1 Introduction to Mobile Terminals 1 1.1.1 Building Blocks of a Smartphone 2 1.2 History of the Mobile Phone 4 1.3 Growth of the Mobile Phone Market 5 1.4 Past, Present, and Future of Mobile Communication Devices 8 Further Reading 8 2 Cellular Systems Modems 9 2.1 Introduction to Modems 9 2.2 Telecommunication Networks 10 2.3 Cellular Concepts 14 2.4 Evolution of Mobile Cellular Networks 16 2.5 First]Generation (1G) Cellular Systems 16 2.5.1 First]Generation Mobile Phone Modem Anatomy 18 2.6 Cellular System Standardization 18 2.7 Second]Generation (2G) Cellular Systems 19 2.7.1 GSM System 20 2.8 GSM Mobile Phone Modem Anatomy 27 2.8.1 Receiver Unit 27 2.8.2 Transmitter Unit 33 2.9 Channel Estimation and Equalization in GSM Mobile Terminals 33 2.9.1 Channel Condition Detection Techniques 34 2.9.2 Protocol Stack of GSM Mobile 38 2.10 Third]Generation (3G) Cellular Systems 40 2.10.1 Overview of UMTS System Architecture 40 2.10.2 UMTS Air Interface 41 2.10.3 Physical Channel Transmission 46 2.10.4 UMTS UE Protocol Architecture 52 2.10.5 UMTS Addressing Mechanism 57 2.10.6 Radio Links, Radio Bearers, and Signal Radio Bearers 58 2.11 UMTS UE System Operations 58 2.11.1 Carrier RSSI Scan 58 2.11.2 Cell Search 58 2.11.3 System Information Reception 60 2.11.4 Paging Reception and DRX 61 2.11.5 RRC Connection Establishment 62 2.12 WCDMA UE Transmitter Anatomy 65 2.13 WCDMA UE Receiver Anatomy 67 2.13.1 Baseband Architecture 67 2.14 Evolution of the UMTS System 71 2.14.1 HSDPA 72 2.14.2 HSUPA 76 2.14.3 HSPA+ 81 2.14.4 Receiver Architecture (RAKE and G-RAKE) Evolution for WCDMA 83 References 85 Further Reading 85 3 LTE Systems 87 3.1 LTE Cellular Systems 87 3.2 3GPP Long]Term Evolution (LTE) Overview 88 3.2.1 LTE Design Goals 88 3.3 3GPP LTE Specifications 89 3.4 LTE Network Architecture 89 3.5 Interfaces 91 3.6 System Protocol Architecture 91 3.6.1 User Plane Data Flow Diagram 93 3.6.2 Protocol States 93 3.6.3 Bearer Service Architecture 95 3.7 LTE]Uu Downlink and Uplink Transmission Schemes and Air Interface 95 3.7.1 Downlink Transmission Scheme 95 3.7.2 LTE Downlink Frame Structure 100 3.7.3 Uplink Transmission Scheme and Frame Structure 103 3.8 Channel Structure 104 3.8.1 Downlink Channel Structure and Transmission Mechanism 105 3.8.2 Downlink Physical Channel Processing 124 3.8.3 Uplink Channel Structure and Transmission Mechanism 128 3.8.4 Uplink Physical Channel Processing 131 3.9 Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) 133 3.9.1 MIMO in the LTE System 135 3.9.2 Transmission Mode (TM) 136 3.10 Uplink Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) 137 3.11 UE Categories 137 3.12 LTE UE Testing 137 References 139 Further Reading 139 4 LTE UE Operations Procedures and Anatomy 140 4.1 UE Procedures 140 4.2 Network and Cell Selection in Terminals 142 4.2.1 PLMN Selection 142 4.2.2 Closed Subscriber Group Selection 144 4.2.3 Cell Selection Criteria 144 4.3 Cell Search and Acquisition 145 4.3.1 Cell Search and Synchronization Procedure 145 4.4 Cell]Specific Reference (CRS) Signal Detection 148 4.5 PBCH (MIB) Reception 150 4.6 PCFICH Reception 152 4.7 PHICH Reception 152 4.8 PDCCH Reception 152 4.8.1 Implementation of Control Channel Decoder 153 4.9 PDSCH Reception 155 4.10 SIB Reception 155 4.11 Paging Reception 155 4.11.1 Calculation of Paging Frame Number 156 4.11.2 Paging Procedure 156 4.12 UE Measurement Parameters 158 4.13 Random Access Procedure (RACH Transmission) 159 4.13.1 Preamble Transmission by UE 160 4.14 Data Transmission 162 4.15 Handover 164 4.15.1 Idle State Mobility Management 166 4.15.2 Interoperability with Legacy Systems (I]RAT) 166 4.16 Anatomy of an LTE UE 167 4.17 Channel Esti