Exam CWNA-107
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The official study guide for the Certified Wireless Analysis Professional certification from CWNP Four leading wireless experts thoroughly prepare you for the vendor-neutral CWAP exam administered by CWNP, the industry leader for enterprise Wi-Fi ...
David D. Coleman, CWNE #4, is a WLAN consultant, technical trainer, public speaker and Senior Product Evangelist for Aerohive Networks. He is the author of numerous books, white papers and videos about Wi-Fi technology. David A. Westcott, CWNE #7, is an independent consultant and WLAN technical trainer of thirty years. He provides vendor and custom wireless training to government agencies, corporations and universities around the world.
Foreword xxxi Introduction xxxiii Assessment Test lxiv Chapter 1 Overview of Wireless Standards, Organizations, and Fundamentals 1 History of Wireless Local Area Networks 2 Standards Organizations 4 Core, Distribution, and Access 19 Communications Fundamentals 21 Summary 29 Exam Essentials 30 Review Questions 31 Chapter 2 IEEE 802.11 Standard and Amendments 35 Original IEEE 802.11 Standard 38 IEEE 802.11-2016 Ratified Amendments 39 Post 802.11-2016 Ratified Amendments 58 IEEE 802.11 Draft Amendments 58 Defunct Amendments 61 IEEE Task Group m 63 Summary 64 Exam Essentials 64 Review Questions 65 Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Fundamentals 69 What Is a Radio Frequency Signal? 71 Radio Frequency Characteristics 72 Radio Frequency Behaviors 80 Summary 96 Exam Essentials 96 Review Questions 97 Chapter 4 Radio Frequency Components, Measurements, and Mathematics 101 RF Components 104 Units of Power and Comparison 107 RF Mathematics 115 Summary 132 Exam Essentials 134 Review Questions 135 Chapter 5 Radio Frequency Signal and Antenna Concepts 139 Azimuth and Elevation Charts (Antenna Radiation Envelopes) 141 Interpreting Polar Charts 144 Beamwidth 147 Antenna Types 149 Visual Line of Sight 160 RF Line of Sight 160 Fresnel Zone 161 Earth Bulge 165 Antenna Polarization 166 Antenna Diversity 167 Multiple-Input, Multiple-Output 168 Antenna Connection and Installation 170 Antenna Accessories 178 Regulatory Compliance 184 Summary 185 Exam Essentials 185 Review Questions 186 Chapter 6 Wireless Networks and Spread Spectrum Technologies 191 Narrowband and Spread Spectrum 193 Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum 196 Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum 198 Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing 200 Industrial, Scientific, and Medical Bands 204 Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure Bands 206 3.6 GHz Band 209 4.9 GHz Band 209 Future Wi-Fi Frequencies 210 2.4 GHz Channels 211 5 GHz Channels 215 Adjacent, Nonadjacent, and Overlapping Channels 221 Throughput vs. Bandwidth 221 Communication Resilience 222 Summary 223 Exam Essentials 223 Review Questions 225 Chapter 7 Wireless LAN Topologies 229 Wireless Networking Topologies 230 802.11 Stations 233 802.11 Service Sets 237 802.11 Configuration Modes 248 Summary 250 Exam Essentials 250 Review Questions 251 Chapter 8 802.11 Medium Access 255 CSMA/CA vs. CSMA/CD 256 Collision Detection 257 Distributed Coordination Function 258 Point Coordination Function 266 Hybrid Coordination Function 267 Wi-Fi Multimedia 269 Airtime Fairness 271 Summary 272 Exam Essentials 273 Review Questions 274 Chapter 9 802.11 MAC 279 Packets, Frames, and Bits 281 Data-Link Layer 282 Physical Layer 283 802.11 and 802.3 Interoperability 284 802.11 MAC Header 285 802.11 Frame Body 297 802.11 Trailer 298 802.11 State Machine 299 Management Frames 300 Control Frames 314 Data Frames 322 Power Management 326 Summary 331 Exam Essentials 331 Review Questions 333 Chapter 10 MIMO Technology: HT and VHT 339 MIMO 342 Multi-User MIMO 351 Channels 355 Guard Interval 361 256-QAM Modulation 363 802.11n/ac PPDUs 367 802.11n/ac MAC 369 HT/VHT Protection Mechanisms 378 Wi-Fi Alliance Certification 379 Summary 382 Exam Essentials 383 Review Questions 384 Chapter 11 WLAN Architecture 389 WLAN Client Devices 391 Management, Control, and Data Planes 402 WLAN Architecture 404 Specialty WLAN Infrastructure 417 Cloud Networking 426 Infrastructure Management 428 Application Programming Interface 433 Summary 436 Exam Essentials 436 Review Questions 438 Chapter 12 Power over Ethernet (PoE) 443 History of PoE 444 An Overview of PoE Devices 446 Planning and Deploying PoE 458 802.11ac and PoE 463 Summary 465 Exam Essentials 465 Review Questions 466 Chapter 13 WLAN Design Concepts 471 WLAN