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Köp båda 2 för 2174 krThe updated fourth edition of the "e;bible"e; of solar energy theory and applications Over several editions, Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes has become a classic solar engineering text and reference. This revised Fourth Edition offe...
A number of significant changes have occurred in Advances in Solar Energy since Volume 1 appeared in 1982. The delays in publication of the second volume are the result of reorganization of the American Solar Energy Society, and the negotiation of...
The late JOHN A. DUFFIE was Professor Emeritus of Chemical-Engineering and past Director of the Solar Energy Laboratory at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. WILLIAM A. BECKMAN is the Ouweneel-Bascom Professor Emeritus of Mechanical Engineering and Director Emeritus of the Solar Energy Laboratory at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. NATHAN BLAIR manages the Distributed Systems and Storage Group in the Strategic Energy Analysis center at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
Preface xi Preface to the Fourth Edition xiii Preface to the Third Edition xv Preface to the Second Edition xvii Preface to the First Edition xix Part I Fundamentals 1 1 Solar Radiation 3 1.1 The Sun 3 1.2 The Solar Constant 5 1.3 Spectral Distribution of Extraterrestrial Radiation 6 1.4 Variation of Extraterrestrial Radiation 8 1.5 Definitions 9 1.6 Direction of Beam Radiation 12 1.7 Angles for Tracking Surfaces 20 1.8 Ratio of Beam Radiation on Tilted Surface to That on Horizontal Surface 24 1.9 Shading 30 1.10 Extraterrestrial Radiation on a Horizontal Surface 37 1.11 Summary 41 References 43 2 Available Solar Radiation 45 2.1 Definitions 45 2.2 Pyrheliometers and Pyrheliometric Scales 46 2.3 Pyranometers 50 2.4 Measurement of Duration of Sunshine 55 2.5 Solar Radiation Data 56 2.6 Atmospheric Attenuation of Solar Radiation 61 2.7 Estimation of Average Solar Radiation 66 2.8 Estimation of Clear-Sky Radiation 70 2.9 Distribution of Clear and Cloudy Days and Hours 73 2.10 Beam and Diffuse Components of Hourly Radiation 76 2.11 Beam and Diffuse Components of Daily Radiation 79 2.12 Beam and Diffuse Components of Monthly Radiation 81 2.13 Estimation of Hourly Radiation from Daily Data 83 2.14 Radiation on Sloped Surfaces 86 2.15 Radiation on Sloped Surfaces: Isotropic Sky 91 2.16 Radiation on Sloped Surfaces: Anisotropic Sky 92 2.17 Radiation Augmentation 98 2.18 Beam Radiation on Moving Surfaces 103 2.19 Average Radiation on Sloped Surfaces: Isotropic Sky 104 2.20 Average Radiation on Sloped Surfaces: KT Method 108 2.21 Effects of Receiving Surface Orientation on HT 114 2.22 Utilizability 116 2.23 Generalized Utilizability 120 2.24 Daily Utilizability 128 2.25 Summary 134 References 136 3 Selected Heat Transfer Topics 141 3.1 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 141 3.2 Photon Radiation 142 3.3 The Blackbody: Perfect Absorber and Emitter 142 3.4 Plancks Law and Wiens Displacement Law 143 3.5 Stefan-Boltzmann Equation 144 3.6 Radiation Tables 145 3.7 Radiation Intensity and Flux 147 3.8 Infrared Radiation Exchange Between Gray Surfaces 149 3.9 Sky Radiation 150 3.10 Radiation Heat Transfer Coefficient 151 3.11 Natural Convection Between Flat Parallel Plates and Between Concentric Cylinders 152 3.12 Convection Suppression 157 3.13 Vee-Corrugated Enclosures 161 3.14 Heat Transfer Relations for Internal Flow 162 3.15 Wind Convection Coefficients 166 3.16 Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop in Packed Beds and Perforated Plates 168 3.17 Effectiveness-NTU Calculations for Heat Exchangers 171 3.18 Summary 173 References 174 4 Radiation Characteristics of Opaque Materials 177 4.1 Absorptance and Emittance 178 4.2 Kirchhoffs Law 180 4.3 Reflectance of Surfaces 181 4.4 Relationships Among Absorptance, Emittance, and Reflectance 185 4.5 Broadband Emittance and Absorptance 186 4.6 Calculation of Emittance and Absorptance 187 4.7 Measurement of Surface Radiation Properties 190 4.8 Selective Surfaces 192 4.9 Mechanisms of Selectivity 196 4.10 Optimum Properties 199 4.11 Angular Dependence of Solar Absorptance 200 4.12 Absorptance of Cavity Receivers 201 4.13 Specularly Reflecting Surfaces 202 4.14 Advanced Radiation Heat Transfer Analysis 203 4.15 Summary 205 References 206 5 Radiation Transmission through Glazing: Absorbed Radiation 209 5.1 Reflection of Radiation 209 5.2 Absorption by Glazing 213 5.3 Optical Properties of Cover Systems 213 5.4 Transmittance for Diffuse Radiation 218 5.5 Transmittance-Absorptance Product 220 5.6 Angular Dependence of (𝜏𝛼) 221 5.7 Spectral Dependence of Transmittance 222 5.8 Effects of Surface Layers on Transmittance 225 5.9 Absorbed Solar Radiation 226 5.10 Monthly Average Absorbed Radiation 230 5.11 Absorptance of Rooms 236 5.12 Absorptance of Photovoltaic Cells 238 5.13 Summary 241 References 243 6 F