Ubuntu Linux Bible

David Clinton is a Linux server administrator who has worked with IT infrastructure in academic and enterprise environments. He has taught video courses for Amazon Web Services, as well as other technologies. He is a co-author of AWS Certified Solutions Architect Study Guide: Associate (SAA-C01) Exam and AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner Study Guide: Foundational (CLF-C01) Exam. Christopher Negus is a senior open source technical writer at Amazon Web Services. He has written dozens of books on Linux, including Red Hat Linux Bible, Linux Troubleshooting Bible and Linux Toys.

Acknowledgments ix Introduction xxix Part I: Getting Started 1 Chapter 1: Starting with Linux 3 Understanding What Linux is 4 Understanding How Linux Differs from Other Operating Systems 6 Exploring Linux History 7 Free-flowing UNIX culture at Bell Labs 7 Commercial UNIX 9 Berkeley Software Distribution arrives 9 UNIX Laboratory and commercialization 10 GNU transitions UNIX to freedom 11 BSD loses some steam 13 Linus builds the missing piece 13 OSI open source definition 14 Understanding How Linux Distributions Emerged 16 Understanding Red Hat 17 Understanding Ubuntu and other Debian distributions 17 Finding Professional Opportunities with Linux Today 18 Understanding how companies make money with Linux 19 Summary 20 Chapter 2: Creating the Perfect Linux Desktop 21 Understanding Linux Desktop Technology 22 Starting with the GNOME 3 Desktop Live Image 24 Using the GNOME 3 Desktop 25 After the computer boots up 25 Navigating with the mouse 25 Navigating with the keyboard 30 Setting up the GNOME 3 desktop 31 Extending the GNOME 3 desktop 31 Using GNOME shell extensions 32 Using the GNOME Tweak Tool 33 Starting with desktop applications 33 Managing files and folders with Nautilus 33 Installing and managing additional software 35 Playing music with Rhythmbox 37 Stopping the GNOME 3 desktop 37 Using the Unity Graphical Shell with the GNOME Desktop 37 Using the Metacity window manager 38 Changing GNOMEs appearance 40 Using the panels 40 Adding a drawer 41 Changing panel properties 41 Summary 42 Exercises 42 Part II: Becoming a Linux Power User 43 Chapter 3: Using the Shell 45 About Shells and Terminal Windows 46 Using the shell prompt 47 Using a Terminal window 48 Using virtual consoles 49 Choosing Your Shell 49 Running Commands 50 Understanding command syntax 51 Locating commands 53 Recalling Commands Using Command History 56 Command-line editing 56 Command-line completion 58 Command-line recall 59 Connecting and Expanding Commands 61 Piping between commands 62 Sequential commands 62 Background commands 63 Expanding commands 63 Expanding arithmetic expressions 63 Expanding variables 64 Using Shell Variables 64 Creating and using aliases 66 Exiting the shell 67 Creating Your Shell Environment 67 Configuring your shell 67 Setting your prompt 68 Adding environment variables 70 Getting Information about Commands 71 Summary 74 Exercises 74 Chapter 4: Moving Around the Filesystem 77 Using Basic Filesystem Commands 80 Using Metacharacters and Operators 82 Using fi le-matching metacharacters 82 Using fi le-redirection metacharacters 84 Using brace expansion characters 85 Listing Files and Directories 86 Understanding File Permissions and Ownership 90 Changing permissions with chmod (numbers) 91 Changing permissions with chmod (letters) 92 Setting default file permission with umask 93 Changing file ownership 93 Moving, Copying, and Removing Files 94 Summary 95 Exercises 96 Chapter 5: Working with Text Files 97 Editing Files with vim and vi 97 Starting with vi 99 Adding text 99 Moving around in the text 100 Deleting, copying, and changing text 101 Pasting (putting) text 102 Repeating commands 102 Exiting vi 102 Skipping around in the file 103 Searching for text 103 Using ex mode 104 Learning more about vi and vim 104 Finding Files 105 Using locate to find files by name 105 Searching for files with find 107 Finding files by name 108 Finding files by size 108 Finding files by user 109 Finding files by permission 109 Finding files by date and time 110 Using not and or when finding files 111 Finding files and executing commands 112 Searching in files with grep 113 Summary 115 Exercises 115 Chapter 6: Managing Running Processes 117 Understanding Processes 117 Listing Processes 118 Listing processe