Chemical Process Design and Integration

Professor Robin Smith is Head of the Centre for Process Integration at the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) in the United Kingdom. Before joining UMIST he had extensive industrial experience with Rohm & Haas in process investigation and process design, and with ICI in computer-aided design and process integration. He was a member of the ICI Process Integration Team that pioneered the first industrial applications of process integration design methods. Since joining UMIST he has acted extensively as a consultant in process integration projects. He has published widely in the field of chemical process design and integration, and is a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering, a Fellow of the Institution of Chemical Engineers in the UK and a chartered engineer. In 1992 he was awarded the Hanson Medal of the Institution of Chemical Engineers in the UK for his work on clean process technology.

Preface xiii Acknowledgements xv Nomenclature xvii 1 The Nature of Chemical Process Design and Integration 1 2 Process Economics 19 3 Optimization 37 4 Chemical Reactors I Reactor Performance 59 5 Chemical Reactors II Reactor Conditions 81 6 Chemical Reactors III Reactor Configuration 107 7 Separation of Heterogeneous Mixtures 125 8 Separation of Homogeneous Fluid Mixtures I Distillation 139 9 Separation of Homogeneous Fluid Mixtures II Other Methods 185 10 Distillation Sequencing 221 11 Distillation Sequencing for Azeotropic Distillation 247 12 Heat Exchange 275 13 Pumping and Compression 349 14 Continuous Process Recycle Structure 377 15 Continuous Process Simulation and Optimization 393 16 Batch Processes 417 17 Heat Exchanger Networks I Network Targets 457 18 Heat Exchanger Networks II Network Design 501 19 Heat Exchanger Networks III Stream Data 543 20 Heat Integration of Reactors 555 21 Heat Integration of Distillation 563 22 Heat Integration of Evaporators and Dryers 577 23 Steam Systems and Cogeneration 583 24 Cooling and Refrigeration Systems 647 25 Environmental Design for Atmospheric Emissions 687 26 Water System Design 721 27 Environmental Sustainability in Chemical Production 781 28 Process Safety 811 Appendix A Physical Properties in Process Design 827 Appendix B Materials of Construction 853 Appendix C Annualization of Capital Cost 861 Appendix D The Maximum Thermal Effectiveness for 12 Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers 863 Appendix E Expression for the Minimum Number of 12 Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers for a Given Unit 865 Appendix F Heat Transfer Coefficient and Pressure Drop in Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers 867 Appendix G Gas Compression Theory 875 Appendix H Algorithm for the Heat Exchanger Network Area Target 881 Index 883