Pediatric Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction

The Normal Lower Urinary Tract.- Embriology and Anatomy of the excretory Urinary Tract.- Physiology of the Lower Urinary Tract.- Functional Pathophysiology of the Lower Urinary Tract.- Epidemiology of Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction in Children.- Pathophysiology of Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- Pathologies Responsible for the Development of NBD.- Genetic Risk Factors for Neural Tube Defects: Folic Acid Supplementation and Prevention of Birth Defects.- Developmental Anomalies Responsible for Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- Neurologic Bladder in Neuropathies.- Pediatric Intraspinal Lesions.- Spinal Cord Injuries and Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- Neurogenic Bladder and Anorectal Malformations.- Neurogenic Bladder in Infections of the Nervous System.- Evaluation and Classification of NBD.- Clinical Diagnosis and Evaluation.- The Voiding Diary.- Imaging Techniques in Pediatric Patients with Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- The Role of Scintigraphy in the Management of Children with Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- Urodynamics.- Electrophysiology.- Endoscopy.- Simplified Approach and Practical Classification.- Conservative Treatment.- Clean Intermittent Catheterization.- Pharmacological Therapy in Neuropathic Bladder.- Pelvic Floor Therapy.- Sacral Nerve Stimulation.- Botulinum Toxin Injections to Treat Neurogenic Bladder Sphincter Dysfunction in Pediatric Patients.- Surgical Treatment.- Endoscopic Approach to Urinary Incontinence in Pediatric Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- Sling Procedures for Neuropathic Sphincter Incontinence.- Bladder Neck Reconstructions in Children with Neurogenic Bladder.- Artificial Urinary Sphincter.- Enterocystoplasty.- Gastrocystoplasty.- Laparoscopic-Assisted Augmentation Ureterocystoplasty.- The Mitrofanoff Principle in UrinaryReconstruction in Children.- Management of Constipation in Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- The Antegrade Continence Enema Procedure: Long-Term Results.- Neurosurgical Treatment of Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- Management of Orthopedic Problems in Pediatric Patients with Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- Fetal Surgery for Myelomeningocele.- Complications.- Infectious Complications of Neurogenic Bladder in Children.- Bladder Calculi in the Pediatric Augmented Bladder: Risk Factors and Prevention Strategies.- Neurologic Bladder Dysfunction: a Condition at Increased Risk of Bladder Malignancy?.- Renal Failure and Neurogenic Bladder.- Sexuality in Young People with Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- Metabolic Consequences and Long-Term Complications of Enterocystoplasty in Children.- Latex Allergy in Children with Spina Bifida.- Prognosis.- Congenital Neuropathic Bladder Dysfunction: Diagnostics and Prevention of Complications.- Neuropathic Bladder Dysfunction and Quality of Life.- Measuring Quality of Life in Adolescent and Young Adults with Spina Bifida: Usefulness for Physicians Involved in Incontinence Management.- Follow-up in Children with Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- Follow-up in Adults with Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction.- Associations of People Affected by Spina Bifida and Their Families.