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Building on the best-selling tradition of previous editions, Principles of Biomedical Ethics, Sixth Edition, provides a highly original, practical, and insightful guide to morality in the health professions. Acclaimed authors Tom L. Beauchamp and James F. Childress thoroughly develop and advocate for four principles that lie at the core of moral reasoning in health care: respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice. Drawing from contemporary research - and integrating detailed case studies and vivid real-life examples and scenarios - they demonstrate how these prima facie principles can be expanded to apply to various conflicts and dilemmas, from how to deliver bad news to whether or not to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining treatments. Illuminating both theory and method throughout, Principles of Biomedical Ethics, Sixth Edition, considers what constitutes moral character and addresses the problem of moral status: what rights are due to people and animals, and when.It also examines the professional-patient relationship, surveys major philosophical theories - including utilitarianism, Kantianism, rights theory, and Communitarianism - and describes methods of moral justification in bioethics. Ideal for courses in biomedical ethics, bioethics, and health care ethics, the text is enhanced by hundreds of annotated citations and a substantial introduction that clarifies key terms and concepts.

This edition represents a thorough-going revision of what has become a classic text in biomedical ethics. Major structural changes mark the revision. The authors have added a new concluding chapter on methods that, along with its companion chapter on moral theory, emphasizes convergence across theories, coherence in moral justification, and the common morality. They have simplified the opening chapter on moral norms which introduces the framework of prima facie moral principles and ways to specify and balance them. Together with the shift of advanced material on theory to the back of the book, this heavily revised introductory chapter will make it easier for the wide range of students entering bioethics courses to use this text. Another important change is the increased emphasis on character and moral agency, drawing the distinction between agents and actions. The sections on truth telling, disclosure of bad news, privacy, conflicts of interest, and research on human subjects have also been thoroughly reworked. The four core chapters on principles (respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice) and the chapter on professional-patient relationships retain their familiar structure, but the authors have completely updated their content to reflect developments in philosophical analysis as well as in research, medicine, and health care. Throughout, they have used a number of actual cases to illuminate and to test their theory, method, and framework of principles.

Tom L. Beauchamp of Georgetown is one of the founding fathers of contemporary bioethics, and is particularly influential as one of the co-authors (with James Childress) of PRINCIPLES OF BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, first published by OUP over 25 years ago and a true cornerstone of contemporary bioethics. This volume is both an introductory textbook as well as a definitive expression of what is known as the dominant "principlist" approach which views bioethical reasoning developing out of four key principles: respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice. This view has been highly influential over the last two decades and has set the agenda for the field. This volume will collect Tom Beauchamp''s 15 most important published articles in bioethics, most of which were published over the last 25 years, and most of which have a strong connection to the principlist approach. Most of the essays included here augment, develop, or defend various themes, positions and arguments in that earlier book, both adding depth as well as taking off in new directions. Among the topic discussed are the historical origins of modern research ethics, to moral principles and methodological concerns. Beauchamp will include a new introduction to explain the history of the essays and their relationship to the principlist theory.

This volume is the first to present a framework of general principles for animal research ethics together with an analysis of the principles'' meaning and moral requirements. This new framework of six moral principles constitutes a more suitable set of moral guidelines than any currently available, including the influential framework presented in the Principles of Humane Experimental Technique published in 1959 by zoologist and psychologist William M. S. Russell and microbiologist Rex L. Burch. While other accounts have presented specific directives to guide the use of animals in research, Tom L. Beauchamp and David DeGrazia here offer a set of general moral principles that are adequate to the task of evaluating biomedical and behavioral research involving animals today. Their comprehensive framework addresses ethical requirements pertaining to societal benefit-a critical consideration in justifying the harming of animals in research-and features a thorough program of animal welfare protection. In doing so, their principles bridge the gap between the concerns of the research community and the animal-protection community.The book is distinctive in featuring commentaries on the framework of principles by eminent figures in animal research ethics from an array of relevant disciplines: veterinary medicine, biomedical research, biology, zoology, comparative psychology, primatology, law, and bioethics. The seven commentators-Larry Carbone, Frans de Waal, Rebecca Dresser, Joseph Garner, Brian Hare, Margaret Landi, and Julian Savulescu-scrutinize Beauchamp and DeGrazia''s principles in terms of both their theoretical cogency and practical implications, evaluating their relevance to the medical and scientific professions. The range of ethical issues encompassed in Principles of Animal Research Ethics will be useful to professionals in the biomedical and behavioral sciences and will also appeal to individuals and scholars interested in bioethics, animal ethics, and applied ethics generally.

This volume is the first to present a framework of general principles for animal research ethics together with an analysis of the principles'' meaning and moral requirements. This new framework of six moral principles constitutes a more suitable set of moral guidelines than any currently available, including the influential framework presented in the Principles of Humane Experimental Technique published in 1959 by zoologist and psychologist William M. S. Russell and microbiologist Rex L. Burch. While other accounts have presented specific directives to guide the use of animals in research, Tom L. Beauchamp and David DeGrazia here offer a set of general moral principles that are adequate to the task of evaluating biomedical and behavioral research involving animals today. Their comprehensive framework addresses ethical requirements pertaining to societal benefit-a critical consideration in justifying the harming of animals in research-and features a thorough program of animal welfare protection. In doing so, their principles bridge the gap between the concerns of the research community and the animal-protection community.The book is distinctive in featuring commentaries on the framework of principles by eminent figures in animal research ethics from an array of relevant disciplines: veterinary medicine, biomedical research, biology, zoology, comparative psychology, primatology, law, and bioethics. The seven commentators-Larry Carbone, Frans de Waal, Rebecca Dresser, Joseph Garner, Brian Hare, Margaret Landi, and Julian Savulescu-scrutinize Beauchamp and DeGrazia''s principles in terms of both their theoretical cogency and practical implications, evaluating their relevance to the medical and scientific professions. The range of ethical issues encompassed in Principles of Animal Research Ethics will be useful to professionals in the biomedical and behavioral sciences and will also appeal to individuals and scholars interested in bioethics, animal ethics, and applied ethics generally.

A timely, authoritative discussion of an important clincial topic, this useful book outlines the history, function, nature and requirements of informed consent, focusing on patient autonomy as central to the concept. Primarily a philosophical analysis, the book also covers legal aspects, with chapters on disclosure, comprehension, and competence.

This is the first book of case studies on animal ethics. It deals with important social controversies involving the human use of animals and analyses the moral issues involved. An excellent introduction to ethical theory provides a framework to the 16 original case studies, which include the use of animals in research, testing, and education, as food, as companion animals, and in religious rites.

Most books about ethics and health focus on issues arising from individual patients and their relationships with doctors and other health professionals. More and more, however, the ethical issues of the future are challenges that face whole communities, not just individual patients. This book is an edited collection of readings that addresses these public health challenges. Many of the issues considered -- such as policy for alcohol and other drugs, newly emergent epidemics, and violence prevention -- are public health concerns beyond the purview of traditional bioethics. Others, such as access to health care, managed care, reproductive technologies, and genetic testing, are covered in bioethics texts, but here they are approached from the distinct viewpoint of public health. The book makes explicit the community perspective of public health, as well as the fields emphasis on prevention. It examines the conceptual issues raised by the public health perspective (i.e., what is meant by community, the common good, and individual autonomy) as well as the policies that can be developed when health problems are approached in population-based, preventive terms.

The Human Use of Animals reports the facts about some of the most compelling and difficult issues about animal welfare that confront society today. Fully revised and with four new chapters, the 16 case studies in the present volume explore a variety of controversies about the human uses of animals that have emerged over the last 40 years or so. The book begins with a lengthy exploration of applicable ethical theory. It then presents the facts of the 16 cases, followed in each case by analysis of pertinent theoretical and practical ethical issues. This volume offers a discussion of controversies within a range of contexts that includes biomedical, behavioural, and wildlife research, cosmetic safety testing, education, entertainment (zoos and circuses), the food industry, commerce, companion animals and animal uses in religious practices.

Humans encounter and use animals in a stunning number of ways. The nature of these animals and the justifiability or unjustifiabilitly of human uses of them are the subject matter of this volume. Philosophers have long been intrigued by animal minds and vegetarianism, but only around the last quarter of the twentieth century did a significant philosophical literature begin to be developed on both the scientific study of animals and the ethics of human uses of animals. This literature had a primary focus on discussion of animal psychology, the moral status of animals, the nature and significance of species, and a number of practical problems. This Oxford Handbook is designed to capture the nature of the questions as they stand today and to propose solutions to many of the major problems. Several chapters in this volume explore matters that have never previously been examined by philosophers. The authors of the thirty-five chapters come from a diverse set of philosophical interests in the History of Philosophy, the Philosophy of Mind, the Philosophy of Biology, the Philosophy of Cognitive Science, the Philosophy of Language, Ethical Theory, and Practical Ethics. They explore many theoretical issues about animal minds and an array of practical concerns about animal products, farm animals, hunting, circuses, zoos, the entertainment industry, safety-testing on animals, the status and moral significance of species, environmental ethics, the nature and significance of the minds of animals, and so on. They also investigate what the future may be expected to bring in the way of new scientific developments and new moral problems.This book of original essays is the most comprehensive single volume ever published on animal minds and the ethics of our use of animals.

Humans encounter and use animals in a stunning number of ways. The nature of these animals and the justifiability or unjustifiabilitly of human uses of them are the subject matter of this volume.Philosophers have long been intrigued by animal minds and vegetarianism, but only around the last quarter of the twentieth century did a significant philosophical literature begin to be developed on both the scientific study of animals and the ethics of human uses of animals. This literature had a primary focus on discussion of animal psychology, the moral status of animals, the nature and significance of species, and a number of practical problems. This Oxford Handbook is designed to capture the nature of the questions as they stand today and to propose solutions to many of the major problems. Several chapters in this volume explore matters that have never previously been examined by philosophers.The authors of the thirty-five chapters come from a diverse set of philosophical interests in the History of Philosophy, the Philosophy of Mind, the Philosophy of Biology, the Philosophy of Cognitive Science, the Philosophy of Language, Ethical Theory, and Practical Ethics. They explore many theoretical issues about animal minds and an array of practical concerns about animal products, farm animals, hunting, circuses, zoos, the entertainment industry, safety-testing on animals, the status and moral significance of species, environmental ethics, the nature and significance of the minds of animals, and so on. They also investigate what the future may be expected to bring in the way of new scientific developments and new moral problems.This book of original essays is the most comprehensive single volume ever published on animal minds and the ethics of our use of animals.

Humans encounter and use animals in a stunning number of ways. The nature of these animals and the justifiability or unjustifiabilitly of human uses of them are the subject matter of this volume.Philosophers have long been intrigued by animal minds and vegetarianism, but only around the last quarter of the twentieth century did a significant philosophical literature begin to be developed on both the scientific study of animals and the ethics of human uses of animals. This literature had a primary focus on discussion of animal psychology, the moral status of animals, the nature and significance of species, and a number of practical problems. This Oxford Handbook is designed to capture the nature of the questions as they stand today and to propose solutions to many of the major problems. Several chapters in this volume explore matters that have never previously been examined by philosophers.The authors of the thirty-five chapters come from a diverse set of philosophical interests in the History of Philosophy, the Philosophy of Mind, the Philosophy of Biology, the Philosophy of Cognitive Science, the Philosophy of Language, Ethical Theory, and Practical Ethics. They explore many theoretical issues about animal minds and an array of practical concerns about animal products, farm animals, hunting, circuses, zoos, the entertainment industry, safety-testing on animals, the status and moral significance of species, environmental ethics, the nature and significance of the minds of animals, and so on. They also investigate what the future may be expected to bring in the way of new scientific developments and new moral problems.This book of original essays is the most comprehensive single volume ever published on animal minds and the ethics of our use of animals.

Tom L. Beauchamp of Georgetown is one of the founding fathers of contemporary bioethics, and is particularly influential as one of the co-authors (with James Childress) of PRINCIPLES OF BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, first published by OUP over 25 years ago and a true cornerstone of contemporary bioethics. This volume is both an introductory textbook as well as a definitive expression of what is known as the dominant "principlist" approach which views bioethical reasoning developing out of four key principles: respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice. This view has been highly influential over the last two decades and has set the agenda for the field. This volume collects Tom Beauchamp's 15 most important published articles in bioethics, most of which were published over the last 25 years, and most of which have a strong connection to the principlist approach. Most of the essays included here augment, develop, or defend various themes, positions and arguments in that earlier book, both adding depth as well as taking off in new directions. Among the topics discussed are the historical origins of modern research ethics, to moral principles and methodological concerns. This volume includes a new introduction to explain the history of the essays and their relationship to the principlist theory.

Most books about ethics and health focus on issues arising from individual patients and their relationships with doctors and other health professionals. More and more, however, ethical issues are challenges that face entire communities, not just individual patients. This book is an edited collection of readings that addresses these public health challenges. Many of the issues considered, such as policy for alcohol and other drugs, newly emergent epidemics, and violence prevention, are public health concerns beyond the purview of traditional bioethics. Others, such as access to health care, managed care, reproductive technologies, and genetic testing, are covered in bioethics texts, but here they are approached from the distinct viewpoint of public health. The book makes explicit the community perspective of public health, as well as the field''s emphasis on prevention. It examines the conceptual issues raised by the public health perspective (i.e., what is meant by community, the common good, and individual autonomy) as well as the policies that can be developed when health problems are approached in population-based, preventive terms.

Tom L. Beauchamp of Georgetown is one of the founding fathers of contemporary bioethics, and is particularly influential as one of the co-authors (with James Childress) of PRINCIPLES OF BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, first published by OUP over 25 years ago and a true cornerstone of contemporary bioethics. This volume is both an introductory textbook as well as a definitive expression of what is known as the dominant "principlist" approach which views bioethical reasoning developing out of four key principles: respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice. This view has been highly influential over the last two decades and has set the agenda for the field. This volume will collect Tom Beauchamp''s 15 most important published articles in bioethics, most of which were published over the last 25 years, and most of which have a strong connection to the principlist approach. Most of the essays included here augment, develop, or defend various themes, positions and arguments in that earlier book, both adding depth as well as taking off in new directions. Among the topic discussed are the historical origins of modern research ethics, to moral principles and methodological concerns. Beauchamp will include a new introduction to explain the history of the essays and their relationship to the principlist theory.

Stiftung, Tradierung und Erhalt jeglichen Wissens über die Antike sind von jeher Akte hochgradiger Mittelbarkeit gewesen. Denn als lange vergangene Epoche lässt sich die Antike allein durch Mediation von Relikten, Texten, Zeugnissen und Traditionen konstituieren. Der Band rückt den ästhetischen Vermittlungsaspekt, der das Wissen über die Antike ebenso notwendig wie nachhaltig prägt, ins Zentrum der Aufmerksamkeit und fragt danach, wie sich die Aspekte der ästhetischen Vermittlung in die Gestalt des Wissens über die Antike einschreiben. Er spannt in exemplarischen Studien den historischen Bogen von der Spätantike bis zu den Antike-Imaginationen im zeitgenössischen Film und Roman.

Die sich ständig erweiternden Möglichkeiten der angewandten Humangenetik stellen Recht und Ethik vor stetig neue Herausforderungen. Was wollen und sollen wir wissen? Wieviel Vorhersage verträgt der Mensch? Der vorliegende Band enthält drei Vorträge aus einer Ringvorlesung, die sich aus der Perspektive der drei großen Fachrichtungen der Jurisprudenz den medizinrechtlichen Problemen der Humangenetik nähern. Hinzugefügt sind die Referate des anschließenden Symposiums, in denen die medizinischen, philosophischen und medizinrechtlichen Aspekte der Thematik vertieft werden. Die Beiträge reichen von den verfassungsrechtlichen Grundlagen und zivilrechtlichen Aspekten der genetischen Beratung, Diagnostik und Therapie über die moralischen Implikationen des genetischen Wissens für den Einzelnen und die Gesellschaft bis hin zu den praktischen Möglichkeiten und Grenzen prädiktiver Medizin.

Die sich ständig erweiternden Möglichkeiten der angewandten Humangenetik stellen Recht und Ethik vor stetig neue Herausforderungen. Was wollen und sollen wir wissen? Wieviel Vorhersage verträgt der Mensch? Der vorliegende Band enthält drei Vorträge aus einer Ringvorlesung, die sich aus der Perspektive der drei großen Fachrichtungen der Jurisprudenz den medizinrechtlichen Problemen der Humangenetik nähern. Hinzugefügt sind die Referate des anschließenden Symposiums, in denen die medizinischen, philosophischen und medizinrechtlichen Aspekte der Thematik vertieft werden. Die Beiträge reichen von den verfassungsrechtlichen Grundlagen und zivilrechtlichen Aspekten der genetischen Beratung, Diagnostik und Therapie über die moralischen Implikationen des genetischen Wissens für den Einzelnen und die Gesellschaft bis hin zu den praktischen Möglichkeiten und Grenzen prädiktiver Medizin.

Medizin ist – wie Edmund Pellegrino treffend bemerkt hat – vor allem auch ein „moral enterprise“, eine moralische Unternehmung. Davon sind jedes Gespräch, jede Entscheidung und jede Handlung auf der alltäglichen individuellen wie auf den strukturellen Ebenen geprägt.Dieses Fachbuch beleuchtet ethische Fragen an den neuralgischen Punkten des Lebens – von der Geburt bis zum Lebensende.Expert*innen aus Medizin, Ethik und den Sozialwissenschaften untersuchen, wie Autonomie, Fürsorge und Gerechtigkeit in den Gebieten von Reproduktion bis hin zu Palliative Care neu ausgelotet werden müssen.Neben individuellen Herausforderungen für medizinisches Personal wie Patient:innen rückt das Buch auch die dringend anstehenden strukturellen Herausforderungen ins Zentrum: den Wandel von ausschließlich medizinischer zu Organisationsethik, den Umgang mit Macht und Verantwortung im Gesundheitssystem sowie den Einsatz von Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) im medizinischen Setting.Ein kompakter interdisziplinärer Wegweiser für alle, die im Gesundheitswesen Verantwortung tragen und Ethik dazu als grundlegende Kompetenz verstehen.

Medizin ist – wie Edmund Pellegrino treffend bemerkt hat – vor allem auch ein „moral enterprise“, eine moralische Unternehmung. Davon sind jedes Gespräch, jede Entscheidung und jede Handlung auf der alltäglichen individuellen wie auf den strukturellen Ebenen geprägt.Dieses Fachbuch beleuchtet ethische Fragen an den neuralgischen Punkten des Lebens – von der Geburt bis zum Lebensende.Expert*innen aus Medizin, Ethik und den Sozialwissenschaften untersuchen, wie Autonomie, Fürsorge und Gerechtigkeit in den Gebieten von Reproduktion bis hin zu Palliative Care neu ausgelotet werden müssen.Neben individuellen Herausforderungen für medizinisches Personal wie Patient:innen rückt das Buch auch die dringend anstehenden strukturellen Herausforderungen ins Zentrum: den Wandel von ausschließlich medizinischer zu Organisationsethik, den Umgang mit Macht und Verantwortung im Gesundheitssystem sowie den Einsatz von Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) im medizinischen Setting.Ein kompakter interdisziplinärer Wegweiser für alle, die im Gesundheitswesen Verantwortung tragen und Ethik dazu als grundlegende Kompetenz verstehen.

Science, Technology, and the Art of Medicine contains papers by eminent scholars who discuss issues and concepts regarding the character of medicine. Special attention is given to the extent to which medicine is a science, art, and technology. Investigations are carried out with a particular focus on the nature of medical knowledge. Concepts of medical research, medical causality, intuition, and medical decision-making are examined in the light of medicine's revolutionary advances in the twentieth century. Past perspectives and present perplexities are also examined, bringing together a volume in the philosophy of medicine that treats a broad range of issues in medical epistemology and practise in a careful, critical fashion.