What are the normative foundations of competition law? That is the question at the heart of this book. Leading scholars consider whether this branch of law serves just one or more than one goal, and, if it serves to protect unfettered competition as such, how this goal relates to other objectives such as the promotion of economic welfare. The book brings together contributions on the relevance of different welfare standards, on the concept of 'freedom to compete' and on distributional fairness as a goal of competition law. Moreover, it discusses the relationship to other legal goals such as market integration. Finally, the specific issue of competition law goals in emerging economies is addressed. The Goals of Competition Law will have strong appeal to academics in competition law and competition economics; policy makers, enforcers and other practitioners in the field of competition law; and postgraduate students in competition law and competition economics. Contributors: T. Ackermann, A. Al-Ameen, O. Andriychuk, M. Bakhoum, J. Bejcek, A.D. Chirita, K. Diawara, E. Fish, A. Fuchs, M.S. Gal, D.J. Gerber, J.D. Gutierrez Rodriguez, D. Healey, L. Kaplow, A. Kunzler, F. Maier-Rigaud, C.P. Marquez, M. Negrinotti, P. Nihoul, L. Parret, H. Schweitzer, M.E. Stucke, J. Su, I. Takahashi, J.P. Terhechte, L. Tichy, X. Wang, D. Zimmer

This book focuses on the problems faced by newly-established competition authorities, and on shaping policies and building institutions in those jurisdictions. In particular four key issues encountered by new competition jurisdictions are considered, namely: the challenges and obstacles to adopting competition laws; institutional challenges and choices, with a specific focus on deterrence; the global perspective, with a specific focus on mergers; and a discussion of how to help young academics in new jurisdictions. Theoretical analysis is informed by practice throughout, and in particular by those considered to be at the cutting edge, either working in new competition authorities or from specialists advising them on a daily basis (such as those in the OECD and UNCTAD). New Competition Jurisdictions will be of great interest to lawyers, economists, academics, judges and public officials working in the fields of competition law and policy. Contributors: M. Agarwal, M. Botta, M. Chowdhury, J. Davies, M.S. Gal, D.J. Gerber, C.A. Jones, W.E. Kovacic, D. Lewis, C. Schatan, U. Schwager, H. Shahein, J. Tapia, C. Townley, K. Weeks, R. Whish

To what extent should competition agencies act as market regulators? Competition Law as Regulation provides numerous insights from competition scholars on new trends at the interface of competition law and sector-specific regulation.By relying on the experiences of a considerable number of different jurisdictions, and applying a comparative approach to the topic, this book constitutes an important addition to international research on the interface of competition and regulation. It addresses the fundamental issues of the subject, and contributes to legal theory and practice. Topics discussed include foundations of the complex relationship of competition law and regulation, new forms of advocacy powers of competition agencies, competition law enforcement in regulated industries in general, information and telecommunications markets, and competition law as regulation in IP-related markets.Scholars in the two fields of law and economics will find the research aspects of the book to be of interest. Officials in competition and regulatory agencies will benefit from the practical relevance of the book.Contributors: E. Arezzo, A. Ayal, M. Botta, F. Caronna, F. Di Porto, M.S. Gal, T. Indig, K. Kowalik-Banczyk, B. Lundqvist, M. Maggiolino, N. Rangone, M. Siragusa, Y. Svetiev, A. Svetlicinii, T. Takigawa, R.H. Weber

This new book addresses important current problems and challenges arising from a large variety of state-initiated restraints. Beyond state-owned enterprises, rules on government procurement and the control of state subsidies, the contributions also analyze forms of regulation that either distort competition or manage to introduce competition in the market.The contributions of leading competition law scholars cover state-initiated restraints of competition in many jurisdictions, including the US, the EU, Australia, and Asian and Latin American countries.Competition and trade law scholars will find this book both relevant and insightful. Regulators and competition agencies, representatives of international organizations and competition law practitioners will also find this to be an invaluable resource of information from which they can take new inspiration.Contributors: A. Barrionuevo, G. Bercovici, L. Bettencourt Nunes, S. Chakravarthy, T.K. Cheng, C. Curiel Leidenz, J. Drexl, P. Dutra, D. Healey, T. Jaeger, M.M. Leitão Marques, G. Oliveira, R.J.R. Peritz, S. Vezzoso, T. Zuñiga Fernández

How substantive competition rules are enforced plays a crucial role in achieving their goals. This thoughtful book examines procedural issues that have arisen from the increased enforcement of competition law worldwide.Such issues are reviewed by expert contributors in Europe and around the globe. Special attention is paid to certain rights including the right to be heard, the right to defence, the right to protection of business secrets and the right to judicial review. The overarching structure of the book proposes an agenda for the solution of procedural fairness within competition proceedings for the future.This astute work will be a useful point of reference for scholars, practitioners and policy makers alike, who will benefit from the critical insight into how best to attain procedural fairness in the enforcement of competition law.Contributors: A. Arena, C. Beaton-Wells, M. Bernatt, M. Botta, M. De Benedetto, G. Di Federico, A. Foer, C.A. Jones, K. Kowalik-Banczyk, F. Marcos, P. Nihoul, P.J. Pipková, A. Sanchez Graells, T. Skoczny, A. Svetlicinii, L. Tichý, P. Van Cleynenbreugel, D. Zimmer

Abusive Practices in Competition Law tackles the difficult questions presented to competition lawyers and economists regarding abusive practices: where and when is the red line crossed in competitive advances? When is a company explicitly dominant? How do you handle those who hold superior bargaining power over others but are not classed as dominant? Including analysis of the EU as well as individual nations such as the USA, Germany, France, Italy, China, Japan, Australia and developing countries, this book presents the state of the art in abusive practices in competition law research. Drawing on a variety of experiences from different jurisdictions, the authors answer the most fundamental questions concerning abusive practices, with a special focus placed on superior bargaining power, economic dependence and unconscionable conduct as thresholds for competition law interventions. Key areas such as market definition in platform markets, use of presumption in antitrust law, commitment procedures and aggregate concentration concerns are all discussed within this context. Essential reading for competition lawyers and economists, Abusive Practices in Competition Law gives comprehensive advice and insight for those dealing with antitrust concepts and practical cases of abusive conduct.Contributors include: A. Al-Ameen, M. Bakhoum, P. Behrens, D. Bosco, T. Cheng, F. Di Porto, V. Falce, X. Fang, A. Fels, K. Fuchikawa, M. Gal, M. Ioannidou, M. Lees, L. Marx, R. Podszun, A. Robles Martín-Laborda, L. Silva Morais, T. Takigawa, S. Thomas, L. Tomé Feteira, P. Van Cleynenbreugel, F. Wagner-von Papp

The digital economy is gradually gaining traction through a variety of recent technological developments, including the introduction of the Internet of things, artificial intelligence and markets for data. This innovative book contains contributions from leading competition law scholars who map out and investigate the anti-competitive effects that are developing in the digital economy.Competition Law for the Digital Economy critically evaluates how the digital economy differs from the old economy and the ways in which competition law interacts with other legal regimes of data protection and sector specific regulations. This book also considers the broader issues, addressing the possible remedies to be imposed in the case of restrictions on digital markets. This timely book asserts that whilst the digital economy is currently in its infancy, competition law should play a crucial role in shaping the competitive digital ecosystem.Providing the general perspectives on competition policy and the application of traditional and new regulatory tools for the digital economy, this analytical book will be a key resource for competition law students and academics, while also appealing to practitioners.Contributors include: K. Bania, E. Deutscher, S.Y. Esayas, R.C. Feldman, M.S. Gal, B. Lundqvist, S. Makris, H.K. Schmidt, N. Thieme, Y. Uemura, S. Van Uytsel, J. Vesala, S. Vezzoso, K. Voss

Rapid technological innovations have challenged the conventional application of antitrust and competition law across the globe. Acknowledging these challenges, this original work analyses the roles of innovation in competition law analysis and reflects on how competition and antitrust law can be refined and tailored to innovation. With chapters from well-established and up-and-coming competition law and economics scholars - from the Academic Society for Competition Law (ASCOLA) - this book reflects on the role innovation has played, and can continue to play, within competition and antitrust law. In addition to uncovering innovation concerns within their analysis, the authors also make important contributions to academic and policy debates on the relationship between these areas of law and other instruments of innovation regulation, such as data protection regulation, intellectual property law, the regulation of big data, platforms and artificial intelligence. Academics in competition and intellectual property law, economics and political science working on data protection or innovation more generally will find this book a useful insight into future challenges for constructing meaningful and effective laws within the area of innovation. Policymakers and practising lawyers will also find the example cases useful, especially for refining and restructuring perception about innovation in competition law.Contributors include: M. Botta, J.S. Frank, S. Hayashi, W. Kerber, P. Kuoppamäki, J. Kwoka, B. Lundqvist, M. Maggiolino, F. Marcos, M.L. Montagnani, P. Nihoul, V. Robertson, C. Seitz, B. Tangsatapornpan, P. Van Cleynenbreugel, J. Vesala, K. Wu, D. Zimmer, N. Zingales

This timely book addresses the contemporary complexities within competition law, questioning whether the founding principles of competition law still hold true today. It explores three main present-day challenges for competition law: the impact of the digital economy and innovative sectors, the challenges facing emerging countries, and current institutional issues.Written in a clear and concise way, with an emphasis on current trends and practices, this book explores recurring key questions such as what are the impacts of the economic characteristics of a market on legal assumptions and the limits of antitrust. Chapters address topics such as merger control regimes, the creation of specialised competition tribunals, and competition clauses in trade agreements. Challenges to Assumptions in Competition Law takes a fresh look at these important issues for competition law in the digital age, incorporating insights from China, Latin America, Europe and the US. This insightful book will be a useful resource for academics and researchers in competition and commercial law, whilst also providing an informative foundation for lawyers and economists working in the field.

With contributions from leading scholars from all over Europe and the US, this book covers the major areas of substantive competition law from an evolutionary perspective. The leitmotiv of the book has been to assess the dividing line between safeguarding and regulating competition, which it does by reviewing the following subjects:foundations of competition policy in the EU and the US strategic competition policy the evolution of European competition law from a national (Italian) perspective the block exemption of vertical agreements after four yearsthe new Technology Transfer Block Exemptioncooperative networkingmergers in the media sectorabuse of market powerconcepts of competition in sector specific regulationcompetition, regulation and systems coherenceefficiency claims in EU competition law and sector specific regulation.The Evolution of European Competition Law will be of great interest to lawyers, economists, academics, judges and public officials working in the fields of competition law and policy.

The context for this book is the increasingly complex relationship between economic theory and competition law which gives rise to lively political and academic debate on the direction competition law should take in a more global and innovation-oriented market place.The authors adopt a comparative, research-orientated approach, taking into account different situations in the US, Europe, Japan and transition and developing countries. They investigate the impact of economics on the objectives of competition law in various fields - restrictive agreements, unilateral restraints and merger control - and on the effectiveness of enforcement in a given legal and judicial system.Economic Theory and Competition Law is an insightful resource for law and economics scholars. Legal practitioners in the field of competition law will also value this book.

Competition law has changed substantially since 1990. The worldwide tendency toward market-based economic systems has induced many countries to adopt competition rules. This innovative book discusses the global character of competition law focusing on three interrelated perspectives; firstly, the impact of economics on competition policy; secondly, the competition law experience in selected countries (USA, EU, Japan, India, China, Brazil, transition countries) and how the law has adapted to the political, economic, geographic and cultural environment; and thirdly, the process of internationalisation and convergence of competition law.This book will be an invaluable read for academics and postgraduate students in competition policy, economics of law and international business law, as well as for competition law practitioners in international firms.

What are the normative foundations of competition law? That is the question at the heart of this book. Leading scholars consider whether this branch of law serves just one or more than one goal, and, if it serves to protect unfettered competition as such, how this goal relates to other objectives such as the promotion of economic welfare. The book brings together contributions on the relevance of different welfare standards, on the concept of 'freedom to compete' and on distributional fairness as a goal of competition law. Moreover, it discusses the relationship to other legal goals such as market integration. Finally, the specific issue of competition law goals in emerging economies is addressed. The Goals of Competition Law will have strong appeal to academics in competition law and competition economics; policy makers, enforcers and other practitioners in the field of competition law; and postgraduate students in competition law and competition economics. Contributors: T. Ackermann, A. Al-Ameen, O. Andriychuk, M. Bakhoum, J. Bejcek, A.D. Chirita, K. Diawara, E. Fish, A. Fuchs, M.S. Gal, D.J. Gerber, J.D. Gutierrez Rodriguez, D. Healey, L. Kaplow, A. Kunzler, F. Maier-Rigaud, C.P. Marquez, M. Negrinotti, P. Nihoul, L. Parret, H. Schweitzer, M.E. Stucke, J. Su, I. Takahashi, J.P. Terhechte, L. Tichy, X. Wang, D. Zimmer

This book focuses on the problems faced by newly-established competition authorities, and on shaping policies and building institutions in those jurisdictions. In particular four key issues encountered by new competition jurisdictions are considered, namely: the challenges and obstacles to adopting competition laws; institutional challenges and choices, with a specific focus on deterrence; the global perspective, with a specific focus on mergers; and a discussion of how to help young academics in new jurisdictions. Theoretical analysis is informed by practice throughout, and in particular by those considered to be at the cutting edge, either working in new competition authorities or from specialists advising them on a daily basis (such as those in the OECD and UNCTAD). New Competition Jurisdictions will be of great interest to lawyers, economists, academics, judges and public officials working in the fields of competition law and policy. Contributors: M. Agarwal, M. Botta, M. Chowdhury, J. Davies, M.S. Gal, D.J. Gerber, C.A. Jones, W.E. Kovacic, D. Lewis, C. Schatan, U. Schwager, H. Shahein, J. Tapia, C. Townley, K. Weeks, R. Whish

To what extent should competition agencies act as market regulators? Competition Law as Regulation provides numerous insights from competition scholars on new trends at the interface of competition law and sector-specific regulation.By relying on the experiences of a considerable number of different jurisdictions, and applying a comparative approach to the topic, this book constitutes an important addition to international research on the interface of competition and regulation. It addresses the fundamental issues of the subject, and contributes to legal theory and practice. Topics discussed include foundations of the complex relationship of competition law and regulation, new forms of advocacy powers of competition agencies, competition law enforcement in regulated industries in general, information and telecommunications markets, and competition law as regulation in IP-related markets.Scholars in the two fields of law and economics will find the research aspects of the book to be of interest. Officials in competition and regulatory agencies will benefit from the practical relevance of the book.Contributors: E. Arezzo, A. Ayal, M. Botta, F. Caronna, F. Di Porto, M.S. Gal, T. Indig, K. Kowalik-Banczyk, B. Lundqvist, M. Maggiolino, N. Rangone, M. Siragusa, Y. Svetiev, A. Svetlicinii, T. Takigawa, R.H. Weber

This new book addresses important current problems and challenges arising from a large variety of state-initiated restraints. Beyond state-owned enterprises, rules on government procurement and the control of state subsidies, the contributions also analyze forms of regulation that either distort competition or manage to introduce competition in the market.The contributions of leading competition law scholars cover state-initiated restraints of competition in many jurisdictions, including the US, the EU, Australia, and Asian and Latin American countries.Competition and trade law scholars will find this book both relevant and insightful. Regulators and competition agencies, representatives of international organizations and competition law practitioners will also find this to be an invaluable resource of information from which they can take new inspiration.Contributors: A. Barrionuevo, G. Bercovici, L. Bettencourt Nunes, S. Chakravarthy, T.K. Cheng, C. Curiel Leidenz, J. Drexl, P. Dutra, D. Healey, T. Jaeger, M.M. Leitão Marques, G. Oliveira, R.J.R. Peritz, S. Vezzoso, T. Zuñiga Fernández

How substantive competition rules are enforced plays a crucial role in achieving their goals. This thoughtful book examines procedural issues that have arisen from the increased enforcement of competition law worldwide.Such issues are reviewed by expert contributors in Europe and around the globe. Special attention is paid to certain rights including the right to be heard, the right to defence, the right to protection of business secrets and the right to judicial review. The overarching structure of the book proposes an agenda for the solution of procedural fairness within competition proceedings for the future.This astute work will be a useful point of reference for scholars, practitioners and policy makers alike, who will benefit from the critical insight into how best to attain procedural fairness in the enforcement of competition law.Contributors: A. Arena, C. Beaton-Wells, M. Bernatt, M. Botta, M. De Benedetto, G. Di Federico, A. Foer, C.A. Jones, K. Kowalik-Banczyk, F. Marcos, P. Nihoul, P.J. Pipková, A. Sanchez Graells, T. Skoczny, A. Svetlicinii, L. Tichý, P. Van Cleynenbreugel, D. Zimmer

Abusive Practices in Competition Law tackles the difficult questions presented to competition lawyers and economists regarding abusive practices: where and when is the red line crossed in competitive advances? When is a company explicitly dominant? How do you handle those who hold superior bargaining power over others but are not classed as dominant? Including analysis of the EU as well as individual nations such as the USA, Germany, France, Italy, China, Japan, Australia and developing countries, this book presents the state of the art in abusive practices in competition law research. Drawing on a variety of experiences from different jurisdictions, the authors answer the most fundamental questions concerning abusive practices, with a special focus placed on superior bargaining power, economic dependence and unconscionable conduct as thresholds for competition law interventions. Key areas such as market definition in platform markets, use of presumption in antitrust law, commitment procedures and aggregate concentration concerns are all discussed within this context. Essential reading for competition lawyers and economists, Abusive Practices in Competition Law gives comprehensive advice and insight for those dealing with antitrust concepts and practical cases of abusive conduct.Contributors include: A. Al-Ameen, M. Bakhoum, P. Behrens, D. Bosco, T. Cheng, F. Di Porto, V. Falce, X. Fang, A. Fels, K. Fuchikawa, M. Gal, M. Ioannidou, M. Lees, L. Marx, R. Podszun, A. Robles Martín-Laborda, L. Silva Morais, T. Takigawa, S. Thomas, L. Tomé Feteira, P. Van Cleynenbreugel, F. Wagner-von Papp

The digital economy is gradually gaining traction through a variety of recent technological developments, including the introduction of the Internet of things, artificial intelligence and markets for data. This innovative book contains contributions from leading competition law scholars who map out and investigate the anti-competitive effects that are developing in the digital economy.Competition Law for the Digital Economy critically evaluates how the digital economy differs from the old economy and the ways in which competition law interacts with other legal regimes of data protection and sector specific regulations. This book also considers the broader issues, addressing the possible remedies to be imposed in the case of restrictions on digital markets. This timely book asserts that whilst the digital economy is currently in its infancy, competition law should play a crucial role in shaping the competitive digital ecosystem.Providing the general perspectives on competition policy and the application of traditional and new regulatory tools for the digital economy, this analytical book will be a key resource for competition law students and academics, while also appealing to practitioners.Contributors include: K. Bania, E. Deutscher, S.Y. Esayas, R.C. Feldman, M.S. Gal, B. Lundqvist, S. Makris, H.K. Schmidt, N. Thieme, Y. Uemura, S. Van Uytsel, J. Vesala, S. Vezzoso, K. Voss

Rapid technological innovations have challenged the conventional application of antitrust and competition law across the globe. Acknowledging these challenges, this original work analyses the roles of innovation in competition law analysis and reflects on how competition and antitrust law can be refined and tailored to innovation. With chapters from well-established and up-and-coming competition law and economics scholars - from the Academic Society for Competition Law (ASCOLA) - this book reflects on the role innovation has played, and can continue to play, within competition and antitrust law. In addition to uncovering innovation concerns within their analysis, the authors also make important contributions to academic and policy debates on the relationship between these areas of law and other instruments of innovation regulation, such as data protection regulation, intellectual property law, the regulation of big data, platforms and artificial intelligence. Academics in competition and intellectual property law, economics and political science working on data protection or innovation more generally will find this book a useful insight into future challenges for constructing meaningful and effective laws within the area of innovation. Policymakers and practising lawyers will also find the example cases useful, especially for refining and restructuring perception about innovation in competition law.Contributors include: M. Botta, J.S. Frank, S. Hayashi, W. Kerber, P. Kuoppamäki, J. Kwoka, B. Lundqvist, M. Maggiolino, F. Marcos, M.L. Montagnani, P. Nihoul, V. Robertson, C. Seitz, B. Tangsatapornpan, P. Van Cleynenbreugel, J. Vesala, K. Wu, D. Zimmer, N. Zingales

This timely book addresses the contemporary complexities within competition law, questioning whether the founding principles of competition law still hold true today. It explores three main present-day challenges for competition law: the impact of the digital economy and innovative sectors, the challenges facing emerging countries, and current institutional issues.Written in a clear and concise way, with an emphasis on current trends and practices, this book explores recurring key questions such as what are the impacts of the economic characteristics of a market on legal assumptions and the limits of antitrust. Chapters address topics such as merger control regimes, the creation of specialised competition tribunals, and competition clauses in trade agreements. Challenges to Assumptions in Competition Law takes a fresh look at these important issues for competition law in the digital age, incorporating insights from China, Latin America, Europe and the US. This insightful book will be a useful resource for academics and researchers in competition and commercial law, whilst also providing an informative foundation for lawyers and economists working in the field.

With contributions from leading scholars from all over Europe and the US, this book covers the major areas of substantive competition law from an evolutionary perspective. The leitmotiv of the book has been to assess the dividing line between safeguarding and regulating competition, which it does by reviewing the following subjects:foundations of competition policy in the EU and the US strategic competition policy the evolution of European competition law from a national (Italian) perspective the block exemption of vertical agreements after four yearsthe new Technology Transfer Block Exemptioncooperative networkingmergers in the media sectorabuse of market powerconcepts of competition in sector specific regulationcompetition, regulation and systems coherenceefficiency claims in EU competition law and sector specific regulation.The Evolution of European Competition Law will be of great interest to lawyers, economists, academics, judges and public officials working in the fields of competition law and policy.

The context for this book is the increasingly complex relationship between economic theory and competition law which gives rise to lively political and academic debate on the direction competition law should take in a more global and innovation-oriented market place.The authors adopt a comparative, research-orientated approach, taking into account different situations in the US, Europe, Japan and transition and developing countries. They investigate the impact of economics on the objectives of competition law in various fields - restrictive agreements, unilateral restraints and merger control - and on the effectiveness of enforcement in a given legal and judicial system.Economic Theory and Competition Law is an insightful resource for law and economics scholars. Legal practitioners in the field of competition law will also value this book.

Competition law has changed substantially since 1990. The worldwide tendency toward market-based economic systems has induced many countries to adopt competition rules. This innovative book discusses the global character of competition law focusing on three interrelated perspectives; firstly, the impact of economics on competition policy; secondly, the competition law experience in selected countries (USA, EU, Japan, India, China, Brazil, transition countries) and how the law has adapted to the political, economic, geographic and cultural environment; and thirdly, the process of internationalisation and convergence of competition law.This book will be an invaluable read for academics and postgraduate students in competition policy, economics of law and international business law, as well as for competition law practitioners in international firms.