Clinics in Human Lactation – serie

In the first part of this well-referenced monograph, Marsha Walker, RN, IBCLC describes the late preterm infant, discusses contributors to late preterm birth, and explains the importance of the last six weeks of gestation. She discusses the impact of birth interventions on breastfeeding the late preterm infant and explains why mothers of late preterm infants may be at increased risk of delayed lactogenesis II.In the second part of the monograph, Walker discusses breastfeeding management guidelines for the late preterm infant. This includes issues the late preterm infant may face, such as hypothermia, hypoglycemia, respiratory instability, hypotonia, and immature feeding skills, and their impact on breastfeeding. She covers how to provide latch assistance, assess feedings at the breast, when to supplement, how to use bottles and artificial nipples, how to help others initiate and maintain maternal milk supply, and ways to optimize milk production. Walker includes information on individualized feeding plans for moms to follow after discharge, including a sample plan. This monograph is full of pictures, graphs, and resources and is a must-have for all healthcare providers who help mothers breastfeed late preterm infants.

For women who intend to breastfeed, the hospital experience is critical. Hospitals provide care to nearly all women giving birth in the U.S. However, in most hospitals, this care falls short of evidence-based best practices that fully support mothers to be able to breastfeed.Hypoglycemia, jaundice, and supplementation are common hospital issues that may compromise breastfeeding. In Hospital Breastfeeding Issues, author Nancy Wight explains why managing these issues in an evidence-based and breastfeeding-supportive manner may preserve the breastfeeding relationship, extend breastfeeding duration, and improve the health of the infant, mother, and community.Dr. Wight describes the normal breastfeeding newborn in regards to feeding behavior, weight gain and loss, and stooling patterns. She gives breastfeeding-supportive management approaches for treating hypoglycemia and jaundice, and discusses how some hospital policies and practices interfere with optimal breastfeeding.Supporting mothers through hospital breastfeeding challenges can help mothers reach their breastfeeding goals. This well-cited book presents the evidence-based information clinicians need to care for hypoglycemic and jaundiced newborns and help new moms meet their breastfeeding goals.

Emotional and physical trauma have a role in breastfeeding success. But even though a mother may know that breastfeeding is best, past abuse, physical trauma, or psychological impairment may affect a mother’s ability to initiate or continue breastfeeding. Since more than 20-25% of women have been sexually abused, 25% have experienced intimate partner violence, more than 50% of adolescent mothers have experienced childhood sexual abuse, with an untold number of mothers and babies who have experienced birth trauma, it is likely that all health providers who work with moms and babies have clients that have experienced some form of abuse.In Emotional and Physical Trauma and Its Impact on Breastfeeding Mothers, author Dianne Cassidy, IBCLC-RLC, ALC, describes the different kinds of trauma and discusses ways to work with these moms. Sometimes this means helping them breastfeed, other times this means supporting whatever feeding decision works best for them and their situation. At all times it includes listening to the mom, watching for red flags, asking questions, and building her trust.In this book Cassidy discusses childhood sexual abuse, intimate partner violence, birth trauma in the baby, and birth trauma in the mother and their possible impact on breastfeeding. She ends the book with a chapter on "Universal Principles of Biomedical Ethics" and how these ethics apply to health providers working with abuse and traumatized mothers and babies.

Are you working with a breastfed baby that needs to be supplemented? If you supplement with infant formula, what impact will the formula have on the baby, the mother, and the breastfeeding relationship? Does the baby really need to be supplemented with formula or are there better alternatives? Does the mother have plenty of milk, but just needs help with a breastfeeding problem, or does she need help to build her milk supply?Marsha Walker, RN, IBCLC, author of Supplementation of the Breastfed Infant: Criteria, Decisions, and Interventions, answers these questions and more! She describes why supplementation has become so commonplace, what it does to the gut flora of the breastfed baby, the future health problems caused by altering an infant's gut flora, and how supplementation impacts the breastfeeding relationship. Does giving the baby "just one bottle" really change gut flora? Walker describes research that has investigated this issue and the surprising results!But what if a baby really needs to be supplemented? Walker describes circumstances when supplementation of a breastfed infant might be necessary and how to supplement, doing as little damage to the breastfeeding relationship and the infant's gut flora as possible.If you are a health provider who routinely gives newborns supplemental formula, read this book and see if the evidence changes the way you practice. If you are a lactation professional who works to correct the "damage" done by "just one bottle," this book will provide you the evidence you need to discuss this issue with mothers, families, physicians, and hospital staff to change supplementation practices in your area.

The two most important elements of providing professional breastfeeding support are taking a complete history and performing a detailed physical assessment. Yet, taking the time to take a history or observe a full feeding can sometimes seem too lengthy a process when understaffed or short on time. When these important items are not done, this can lead to increased problems for the feeding dyad, heavier financial burdens for both the family and the healthcare system, and emotional costs for mother and baby.In this book lactation consultant Denise Altman discusses the information that should be obtained during the history. The text takes part of the patient interview and shows how this information offers triggers for close observation during the physical assessment that help the health provider identify breastfeeding problems. Examples, case studies, and sample forms are included to better explain the process.This book covers the following: • Cross-cultural communication • Documentation and charting methods • Types of interview questions • Maternal and infant history • Maternal and infant physical assessment • Feeding assessment • Unique situations that affect breastfeeding: piercings, abuse, NICU baby, multiples, and adoption • Critical thinking skills

In The Nipple and Areola in Breastfeeding and Lactation: Anatomy, Physiology, Problems, and Solutions, Marsha Walker, RN, IBCLC, provides an in-depth resource for clinicians on the structure, function, problems, and solutions of the nipple and areola in lactation. The nipple and areola are the crucial interface between the breast and the infant. Problems with these structures, particularly pain and trauma, represent one of the most frequent causes of early termination of breastfeeding. This book examines the nipple and areola through a thorough description of the structure of the nipple, how it functions, its problems, and suggested solutions. New techniques have allowed the three-dimensional reconstruction of the internal structures of the nipple to be visualized, helping clinicians gain a better understanding of the anatomy and physiology of this specialized feature of the breast. This book covers the newest data in the structure and function of the nipple and areola gathered from computer reconstruction of sectioned tissue, ultrasound, and other study modalities. Topics range from common problems with suggested solutions to newer thoughts on remedies for sore nipples, such as peppermint gel and ozonated olive oil. Practical and usable care plans are provided for problematic situations. Figures, tables, boxes, and charts help summarize and enhance the usefulness of the book. This unique reference is a departure from the standard information found in text books and is specially designed as a practical resource for the busy clinician. Key points include the following: -A look at the nipple and areola literally from the inside out -Information not found in standard textbooks -New potential remedies for sore nipples -Graphics that provide new insight on the structures within the nipple -Text summaries and care plans make the book of real practical value.

Clinics in Human Lactation Breastfeeding after Breast and Nipple Procedures: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals Do you work with pregnant or breastfeeding mothers who have undergone breast or nipple procedures? Breastfeeding after these procedures can be challenging. Lactation consultant Diana West and (plastic surgery resident) Dr. Elliot Hirsch have teamed up to write Breastfeeding after Breast and Nipple Procedures: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. West and Hirsch cover a variety of pertinent issues including: • Predicting lactation capability after breast and nipple procedures • Effects of tissue healing upon lactation capability • Effects of diagnostic, ablative, and therapeutic procedures upon lactation functionality • Breastfeeding during chemotherapy • Effects of cosmetic breast surgeries on breastfeeding • Lactation management in the post-breast or post-nipple surgical mother • Supplementation to maximize breastfeeding • Post-surgical complications after breastfeeding • Effective breastfeeding counseling for mothers who have undergone breast or nipple proceduresFor those who need reliable information on how various breast procedures and surgeries will affect breastfeeding in the mothers they work with, this book is an invaluable resource.

Achieving Exclusive Breastfeeding is based on the United States Breastfeeding Coalition's (USBC) article by Dr. Miriam Labbok and Emily Taylor published in 2009. This volume is produced with permission from USBC, and is the product of the ongoing work of the two original authors, with important additions and insight from CGBI team member Kathy Parry. The authors have updated and revised the original monograph to address the ever changing breastfeeding environment, adding new resources, updating the breastfeeding research and advocacy discussions, and now offering summaries of selected ongoing programs supportive of exclusive breastfeeding. This revision highlights promising activities and programs in the U.S. that are helping eliminate barriers to achieving exclusive breastfeeding.This book covers: -The need to advance exclusive breastfeeding -Obstacles and opportunities for exclusive breastfeeding during the reproductive health continuum -Findings related to the obstacles, opportunities, current interventions, and gaps at eight time periods during the reproductive health cycle -Suggestions for innovative implementation to advance exclusive breastfeeding -The Surgeon General's Call to Action to Support Breastfeeding -Monitoring, evaluation, and research needs -Considerations for expansion, replication, and scaling up of activities -Next stepsIf you are involved in protecting, promoting or supporting breastfeeding, this volume will help you explore what others are doing. It examines the timing of interventions, addressing the life-cycle perspective, and offers insight from health, socio-political and media and marketing perspectives. This book will also give you facts and figures that may help garner support for your planned and ongoing activities, and provide you with ideas for the next steps you need to take to improve the impact of your efforts.Additionally, the annotated bibliography made available by the authors provides a user-friendly guide to the latest research related to exclusive breastfeeding in the U.S. and related settings. This bibliography is accessible via a link in the resource section. Kathy Parry, a new member of the CGBI team, has updated the annotated bibliography from the article for the book. There is a link in the resource section to access the bibliography.

Researchers are discovering that breastfeeding is more protective of maternal health than previously imagined and that it dramatically lowers women's risk of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes during middle and old age--common causes of premature mortality. Previously, the health benefits of breastfeeding were mainly focused on the infant. New data suggests that breastfeeding may have life-long effects for both mother and baby.Psychoneuroimmunology is an emerging, interdisciplinary science that considers the ways in which the human mind and the immune system interact and influence each other. Over the past 40 years, a body of evidence clearly shows that stress and coping may produce changes in immunity. These changes can result in health effects that contribute to disease.In this book, authors Maureen Groer, RN, PhD, FAAN, and Kathleen Kendall-Tackett, PhD, IBCLC, FAPA cover:-Why breastfeeding protects maternal health -Basic concepts of breast differentiation, lactogenesis, and lactation -Basic overview of the human stress response -Introduction to psychoneuroimmunology and the immunology of pregnancy and postpartum -Lactational stress resistance -Breastfeeding, mental health, and the risk of cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome -Breastfeeding and immunity -Implications of an anti-inflammatory response to enhancing the health effects of breastfeeding throughout women's livesThis monograph provides the latest evidence on how breastfeeding and human milk are the biological norms for mother and baby, and how artificial feeding puts both at risk for health problems throughout their lives. It presents information on the science of psychoneuroimmunology and applies it to the maternal-infant breastfeeding dyad, presenting the latest evidence that will inform practice and, hopefully, policy.

Clinics in Human Lactation Non-Pharmacologic Treatments for Depression in New Mothers: Evidence-based Support of Omega-3s, Bright Light Therapy, Exercise, Social Support, Psychotherapy, and St. John's Wort Pregnant and postpartum women are at increased risk for depression, and the health effects of depression for both mother and baby are too serious to ignore. As important as it is, however, to promptly treat depression, some are voicing concern over whether the risks of antidepressant medications outweigh the benefits. Fortunately, there are more treatment choices than ever before. In this monograph Kathleen Kendall-Tackett describes the various non-drug treatment modalities being used to treat even major depression. In most cases the non-drug treatments are as effective as medications with far fewer side effects. Dr. Kendall-Tackett summarizes current research and provides an evidence base for each treatment modality and how it impacts breastfeeding. Drawing on research from the field of psychoneuroimmunology, she describes why these treatments alleviate depression, and the specific clinical applications for each approach. These modalities are breastfeeding-friendly and offer mothers viable treatment alternatives that preserve the breastfeeding relationship.