SMF/AMS Texts & Monographs – serie

The first chapter of this monograph presents a survey of the theory of monotone twist maps of the annulus. First, the author covers the conservative case by presenting a short survey of Aubry-Mather theory and Birkhoff theory, followed by some criteria for existence of periodic orbits without the area-preservation property. These are applied in the area-decreasing case, and the properties of Birkhoff attractors are discussed. A diffeomorphism of the closed annulus which is isotopic to the identity can be written as the composition of monotone twist maps. The second chapter generalizes some aspects of Aubry-Mather theory to such maps and presents a version of the Poincare-Birkhoff theorem in which the periodic orbits have the same braid type as in the linear case.A diffeomorphism of the torus isotopic to the identity is also a composition of twist maps, and it is possible to obtain a proof of the Conley-Zehnder theorem with the same kind of conclusions about the braid type, in the case of periodic orbits. This result leads to an equivariant version of the Brouwer translation theorem which permits new proofs of some results about the rotation set of diffeomorphisms of the torus. This is the English translation of a volume previously published as volume 204 in the ""Asterisque"" series.

Traditionally, $p$-adic $L$-functions have been constructed from complex $L$-functions via special values and Iwasawa theory. In this volume, Perrin-Riou presents a theory of $p$-adic $L$-functions coming directly from $p$-adic Galois representations (or, more generally, from motives). This theory encompasses, in particular, a construction of the module of $p$-adic $L$-functions via the arithmetic theory and a conjectural definition of the $p$-adic $L$-function via its special values. Since the original publication of this book in French (see ""Asterisque"" 229, 1995), the field has undergone significant progress. These advances are noted in this English edition. Also, some minor improvements have been made to the text.

The purpose of thermodynamics and statistical physics is to understand the equilibrium of a gas or the different states of matter. To understand the strange fractal sets appearing when one iterates a quadratic polynomial is one of the goals of the theory of holomorphic dynamical systems. These two theories are strongly linked. The laws of thermodynamics happen to be an extremely powerful tool for understanding the objects of holomorphic dynamical systems.A 'thermodynamic formalism' has been developed, bringing together notions that are a priori unrelated. While the deep reasons of this parallelism remain unknown, the goal of this book is to describe this formalism both from the physical and mathematical point of view in order to understand how it works and how useful it can be. This translation is a slightly revised version of the original French edition. The main changes are in Chapters 5 and 6 and consist of clarification of some proofs and a new presentation of the basics in iteration of polynomials.

A fundamental element of the study of 3-manifolds is Thurston's remarkable geometrization conjecture, which states that the interior of every compact 3-manifold has a canonical decomposition into pieces that have geometric structures. In most cases, these structures are complete metrics of constant negative curvature, that is to say, they are hyperbolic manifolds. The conjecture has been proved in some important cases, such as Haken manifolds and certain types of fibered manifolds.The influence of Thurston's hyperbolization theorem on the geometry and topology of 3-manifolds has been tremendous. This book presents a complete proof of the hyperbolization theorem for 3-manifolds that fiber over the circle, following the plan of Thurston's original (unpublished) proof, though the double limit theorem is dealt with in a different way. The book is suitable for graduate students with a background in modern techniques of low-dimensional topology and will also be of interest to researchers in geometry and topology. This is the English translation of a volume originally published in 1996 by the Societe Mathematique de France.

The class of Schur functions consists of analytic functions on the unit disk that are bounded by $1$. The Schur algorithm associates to any such function a sequence of complex constants, which is much more useful than the Taylor coefficients. There is a generalization to matrix-valued functions and a corresponding algorithm. These generalized Schur functions have important applications to the theory of linear operators, to signal processing and control theory, and to other areas of engineering.In this book, Alpay looks at matrix-valued Schur functions and their applications from the unifying point of view of spaces with reproducing kernels. This approach is used here to study the relationship between the modeling of time-invariant dissipative linear systems and the theory of linear operators. The inverse scattering problem plays a key role in the exposition. The point of view also allows for a natural way to tackle more general cases, such as nonstationary systems, non-positive metrics, and pairs of commuting nonself-adjoint operators. This is the English translation of a volume originally published in French by the Societe Mathematique de France. This title was translated by Stephen S. Wilson.

In this text, the author presents a general framework for applying the standard methods from homotopy theory to the category of smooth schemes over a reasonable base scheme $k$. He defines the homotopy category $h(\mathcal{E} k)$ of smooth $k$-schemes and shows that it plays the same role for smooth $k$-schemes as the classical homotopy category plays for differentiable varieties. It is shown that certain expected properties are satisfied, for example, concerning the algebraic $K$-theory of those schemes. In this way, advanced methods of algebraic topology become available in modern algebraic geometry.

The correspondence between Einstein metrics and their conformal boundaries has recently been the focus of great interest. This is particularly so in view of the relation with the physical theory of the AdS/CFT correspondence. In this book, this correspondence is seen in the wider context of asymptotically symmetric Einstein metrics, that is Einstein metrics whose curvature is asymptotic to that of a rank one symmetric space. There is an emphasis on the correspondence between Einstein metrics and geometric structures on their boundary at infinity: conformal structures, CR structures, and quaternionic contact structures introduced and studied in the book. Two new constructions of such Einstein metrics are given, using two different kinds of techniques: analytic methods to construct complete Einstein metrics, with a unified treatment of all rank one symmetric spaces, relying on harmonic analysis; algebraic methods (twistor theory) to construct local solutions of the Einstein equation near the boundary.

This is a collection of articles that grew out of a workshop organized to discuss deep links among various topics that were previously considered unrelated. Rather than a typical workshop, this gathering was unique as it was structured more like a course for advanced graduate students and research mathematicians. In the book, the authors present applications of moduli spaces of Riemann surfaces in theoretical physics and number theory and on Grothendieck's dessins d'enfants and their generalizations. Chapter 1 gives an introduction to Teichmuller space that is more concise than the popular textbooks, yet contains full proofs of many useful results which are often difficult to find in the literature. This chapter also contains an introduction to moduli spaces of curves, with a detailed description of the genus zero case, and in particular of the part at infinity.Chapter 2 takes up the subject of the genus zero moduli spaces and gives a complete description of their fundamental groupoids, based at tangential base points neighboring the part at infinity; the description relies on an identification of the structure of these groupoids with that of certain canonical subgroupoids of a free braided tensor category. It concludes with a study of the canonical Galois action on the fundamental groupoids, computed using Grothendieck-Teichmuller theory. Finally, Chapter 3 studies strict ribbon categories, which are closely related to braided tensor categories: here they are used to construct invariants of 3-manifolds which in turn give rise to quantum field theories. The material is suitable for advanced graduate students and researchers interested in algebra, algebraic geometry, number theory, and geometry and topology.

In the last twenty years, the theory of holomorphic dynamical systems has had a resurgence of activity, particularly concerning the fine analysis of Julia sets associated with polynomials and rational maps in one complex variable. At the same time, closely related theories have had a similar rapid development, for example the qualitative theory of differential equations in the complex domain. The meeting, 'Etat de la recherche', held at Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, presented the current state of the art in this area, emphasizing the unity linking the various sub-domains. This volume contains four survey articles corresponding to the talks presented at this meeting. D. Cerveau describes the structure of polynomial differential equations in the complex plane, focusing on the local analysis in neighborhoods of singular points.E. Ghys surveys the theory of laminations by Riemann surfaces which occur in many dynamical or geometrical situations. N. Sibony describes the present state of the generalization of the Fatou-Julia theory for polynomial or rational maps in two or more complex dimensions. Lastly, the talk by J.-C. Yoccoz, written by M. Flexor, considers polynomials of degree $2$ in one complex variable, and in particular, with the hyperbolic properties of these polynomials centered around the Jakobson theorem. This is a general introduction that gives a basic history of holomorphic dynamical systems, demonstrating the numerous and fruitful interactions among the topics. In the spirit of the 'Etat de la recherche de la SMF' meetings, the articles are written for a broad mathematical audience, especially students or mathematicians working in different fields. This book is translated from the French edition by Leslie Kay.