Nanotechnology in Modern Aquaculture

Jyothis Mathew, PhD is a Professor in the School of Biosciences at Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India. During his 20 years of research, he has published more than 100 research publications, five book chapters, and two science articles. His research areas include characterization of medically important bacteria with an emphasis on the study of emerging pathogens, studies on the immunomodulatory effects of common thirst quenchers, the antimicrobial activities of some medicinal plants, microbial enzyme technology to produce enzymes, and studies on endophytes. Midhun Sebastian Jose, PhD is a postdoctoral fellow at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada. During his eight years of research, he has published 28 research articles, nine book chapters, and four articles and co-edited one book. His research areas include characterization of bio-nanoparticles for controlling medicinally important bacteria as well as their application in aquaculture, microbial synthesis of nanoparticles, and microbial studies on animal models. Radhakrishnan E.K., PhD is currently an Associate Professor in School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India. During his 12 years of research, he has published 160 research publications, 52 book chapters, and three review papers, and edited two books. His research areas include plant-microbe interactions, microbial natural products, microbial synthesis of metal nanoparticles, and the development of polymer-based nanocomposites with antimicrobial effects for food packaging and medical applications. Riya Alex is a PhD scholar in the School of Biosciences at Mahatma Gandhi University. Kottayam, India. She gained research experience as a trainee at the ICAR Institute of Spices Research. She has published two papers in academic journals and two book chapters.

• Preface xiii1 History and Development of Nanomaterials in Relation to Aquaculture 1Veena S., Remina M. Shajahan, Riya Alex, Julit George, Unnikrishnan B., Mithilesh Jaiswal and Radhakrishnan E.K.1.1 Introduction 11.2 Early Foundations of the Concept of Aquaculture 31.3 Historical Aspects of Nanomaterials Used in Aquaculture 41.4 Factors that Led to the Introduction of Nanotechnology in Aquaculture 61.5 Early Developments of Nanotechnological Applications in Modern Aquaculture 81.6 Later Advancements and Integration of Nanotechnology into Modern Aquaculture 101.7 Environmental Concerns Relating to the Use of Nanotechnology in Aquaculture 131.8 Challenges in Implementation of Nanotechnology 141.9 Regulations on the Use of Nanomaterials 141.10 Conclusion 152 Nanotechnological Interventions in Aquaculture 25Kingsley O. Iwuozor, Ebuka Chizitere Emenike, Ifeoluwa Peter Oyekunle, Chisom T. Umeh and Adewale George Adeniyi2.1 Introduction 262.2 Emerging Nanotechnology in Aquaculture 272.3 Nanotechnological Tools and Development 322.4 Recent Trends in Aquaculture in Relation to Nanotechnology 392.5 Ecotoxicity of Nanotechnology in Aquaculture 442.6 Conclusion 453 Synthesis of Nanomaterials for Aquaculture 53Sudheep N. M., Sruthi Parameswaran P. and Radhakrishnan E. K.3.1 Introduction 543.2 Nanotechnology-Associated Challenges and Issues in General 543.3 Issues Existing in Pisciculture 563.4 Aquaponics and Nanotechnology 583.5 Importance of Nanoparticles and Nanocarriers in Aquaculture 603.6 Nanomaterials and Various Approaches for their Synthesis 633.7 Physical Methods 663.8 Chemical Methods 693.9 Biological Methods 723.10 Conclusions and Future Perspectives 734 Nanotechnology in Fish Feed Development: Revolutionizing Aquaculture for a Sustainable Future 81Revathy. S4.1 Introduction 814.2 Challenges in Fish Feed Development in Aquaculture 824.3 Nanotechnology’s Promise in Fish Feed 834.4 Nanotechnology in Nutrient Delivery 854.5 Controlled Release Systems 864.6 Nanoparticles in Fish Feed as Immunostimulants 884.7 Sustainability Benefits of Nanotechnology in Aquaculture 894.8 Conclusion 915 Nanotechnological Application in Aquaculture Vaccine Development and Drug Delivery 95Renjithkumar C.R. and Roshni K.5.1 Introduction 965.2 Drug Delivery for Health Management 975.3 Nanovaccines 975.4 Nanoparticles and the Immune System 1015.5 Nanoparticles Used as Oral Nanovaccines in Fish 1035.6 Oral Virus-Like Particle (VLP)-Based Nanovaccines 1085.7 Conclusion 1116 Nanoparticle Nutraceuticals in Aquaculture 119Soumya Soman, Raji R.N. and Sudheep N.M.6.1 Introduction 1206.2 Introduction to Nanoparticle Nutraceuticals in Aquaculture 1206.3 Understanding Aquaculture and Its Challenges 1216.4 What are Nanoparticle Nutraceuticals? 1226.5 Benefits of Using Nanoparticle Nutraceuticals in Aquaculture 1246.6 Nanoparticle-Encapsulated Probiotics in Aquaculture 1256.7 Research and Studies on the Effectiveness of Nanoparticle Nutraceuticals in Aquaculture 1276.8 Major Concerns on Incorporation of Nanoparticle Nutraceuticals in Aquaculture Practices 1316.9 Future Prospective 1317 Nanotechnological Applications in Harvest and Post-Harvest Technology 139Anisha S., Sudheep N.M. and Radhakrishnan E.K.7.1 Introduction 1407.2 Aquaculture and Food Security 1417.3 Nanotechnology and Future Implications 1417.4 Nanotechnology Applications in Harvest and Yield in Aquaculture 1447.5 Postharvest Applications of Nanotechnology in Aquaculture 1517.6 Possible Concerns and Apprehensions 1597.7 Conclusion 1608 Nanotechnology for Water Quality Enhancement 173Sanooja M.S., Nazla K.A., Dhanya Mol T.S. and Vinny Vincent8.1 Introduction 1748.2 Water Purification 1768.3 Detection and Monitoring by Nanosensors 1868.4 Antimicrobial Application 1888.5 Self-Cleaning Nanotechnology 1908.6 Safety and Environmental Impacts of Nanoremediation 1928.7 Conclusion 1969 Nanobiotechnology in Fish Breeding and Genetic Modifications 203Julit George, Sudheep N.M., Divya Mathew and Radhakrishnan E.K.9.1 Introduction 2049.2 The Significance of Genetic Modifications in Aquaculture 2069.3 Role of Nanobiotechnology in Aquaculture 2099.4 Nanobiotechnology Tools and Techniques for Fish Breeding 2119.5 Potential Environmental Risks of Nanobiotechnology in Aquaculture 2139.6 Conclusion 21610 A Comprehensive Study on Nanomaterials for Aquaculture Device Development and Management 221Jincemon Cyriac, Jisty Ann Jiji, Gouri G. Nair, Steve Saji George, K. Sreelatha and Riju K. Thomas10.1 Introduction 22210.2 Pathogen Detection 22310.3 Drug Delivery for Health Management 22510.4 Microbial Disinfection 22710.5 Treatment of Pollutants in the Water 22810.6 Nano-Enabled Water Disinfection Using Microwave Irradiation 23810.7 Production Performance and Immunocompetence 24010.8 Nano-Enabled Early Warning Systems: Water Quality Monitoring Combined with Big Data Collection and Analysis 24210.9 Conclusion 244References 244Index 267