Comparative, International, and Global Justice

Cyndi Banks is Associate Vice President of Student Success at Capilano University in Canada.  She spent 16 years as a professor of criminology and criminal justice and Dean of University College at Northern Arizona University. She has more than 24 years’ experience of research and project implementation in developing countries in the fields of juvenile justice, probation, justice policy, and child rights. She has worked as a criminologist in Papua New Guinea, Bangladesh, Iraq, Kurdistan, Timor Leste, Sudan, and Myanmar. She is the author of numerous articles and books, including Criminal Justice Ethics; Youth, Crime and Justice; Developing Cultural Criminology: Theory and Practice in Papua New Guinea; Alaska Native Juveniles in Detention; Comparative, International, and Global Justice: Perspectives From Criminology and Criminal Justice; and most recently, Prisons in the United States.James Baker is a British lawyer now resident in the United States. He holds an LL.M. from London University with a specialization in law and development and has 30 years of experience working as a lawyer and researching rule of law and access to justice issues in Papua New Guinea, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Iraq, Malawi, Sierra Leone, Fiji, and Timor Leste.

"There is no question that the book is very well researched and the authors have done an excellent job of bringing new insights and new perspectives to the topic."

• CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTIONTerminologyWhy Study Global Justice Issues?GlobalizationNew International CrimesOverview of the TextCHAPTER 2: COMPARATIVE CRIMINAL JUSTICE: COMPARING CRIME ACROSS COUNTRIESComparing Criminal Justice: Methodological IssuesInternational Crime DataCountries with Low Crime Rates: Japan and Saudi ArabiaWhat can be Learned from Comparing International Data?How does the U.S Compare Internationally?CHAPTER 3: SYSTEMS OF LAW: COMMON LAW, CIVIL LAW, SOCIALIST LAW, ISLAMIC LAW, INDIGENOUS LAWCommon Law SystemsCivil Law SystemsThe Role of Revolution and Governance in Shaping LawSocialist Legal SystemsIslamic Law SystemsIndigenous Legal SystemsCHAPTER 4: POLICINGOrganizing PolicingCivilian and Military Policing ModelsColonial PolicingDemocratic PolicingCase Studies of Policing: Russia and ChinaPolicing in RussiaPolicing in the People’s Republic of ChinaTransnational Policing and International Cooperation on PolicingPolicing Through Global Surveillance and the Management of RiskCHAPTER 5: COURTS AND CRIMINAL PROCEDUREAdversarial, Inquisitorial and Hybrid Systems of Criminal JusticeInquisitorial Procedure in FranceReforming the Inquisitorial Model: Latin AmericaReforming the Inquisitorial Model: Russia and Eastern EuropeCriminal Law and Procedure in ChinaProsecutors and the Prosecution FunctionCHAPTER 6: PUNISHMENTThe Rationale for PunishmentPunitive PunishmentCapital PunishmentComparing PunishmentsPunishment in the West: Social, Historical and Cultural BackgroundColonial Punishment RegimesCriminal Punishment in JapanCriminal Punishment in ChinaCHAPTER 7: JUVENILE JUSTICEChildhood, Criminal Responsibility and Juvenile Justice SystemsJuvenile Justice Systems: Commonalities and TrendsJuvenile Justice Systems: France, Japan and ChinaFranceJapanPeople’s Republic of ChinaGlobalizing Juvenile JusticeSystemsCHAPTER 8: TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE: JUSTICE, FORGIVENESS AND IMPUNITYInternational Crimes: Governments, Citizens and ViolenceThe Origins and Growth of Transitional JusticeTheorizing Transitional JusticeAmnesty and Impunity, or Punishment?Seeking and Telling the Truth: Truth CommissionsReparations: Compensating for AbusesLustration and Transforming State SecurityCase Studies in Transitional Justice: East Timor and RwandaEast TimorRwandaObservations and Critiques: Transitional JusticeCHAPTER 9: THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURTInternational Criminal LawCreation of the International Criminal CourtStatute of the International Criminal CourtU.S. Opposition to the International Criminal CourtCountering the ICC: U.S. ResponsesChanges in U.S Attitude to the ICCThe International Criminal Court in ActionSudan and the ICCDemocratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and the ICCThe Prosecutor and the Office of the ProsecutorThe International Criminal Court and Transitional JusticeVictims and the International Criminal CourtHow Effective is the International Criminal Court?CHAPTER 10: TRANSNATIONAL CRIMEDefinitions and Explanations of the Concept of Transnational CrimeThe Growth of Transnational CrimeDrug TraffickingArms TraffickingSmuggling of Nuclear MaterialsMoney LaunderingTrading in Endangered SpeciesTerrorism FinancingTransnational CybercrimeCombating Transnational CrimeCritiques of the Concept of Transnational CrimeCHAPTER 11: HUMAN TRAFFICKING ACROSS BORDERSThe International Legal Framework Prohibiting Human Trafficking and Providing for Victims of Trafficking“White Slavery”Sex TraffickingWhat Accounts for Human Trafficking?Scale of Human TraffickingTrafficking as a Transnational Criminal EnterpriseRecruitment and Transportation of Trafficking VictimsObtaining Residence in the Receiving CountryControlling Victims of TraffickingLabor TraffickingSex TourismOrgan TraffickingTrafficking of MinorsRegional Trafficking: AsiaRegional Trafficking: Eurasia and Eastern EuropeRegional Trafficking: EuropeRegional Trafficking: United StatesRegional Trafficking: Latin America and AfricaCountering Human TraffickingCHAPTER 12: TERRORISMExplanations and Definitions of TerrorismGuerrilla Warfare and TerrorismState TerrorismThe Evolution of TerrorismReligion, Violence and TerrorismInternational Law and TerrorismCounterterrorist Responses: United States, Germany and IndiaUnited StatesGermanyIndiaTerrorist GroupsHamasBoko HaramCHAPTER 13: VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMENViolence Against Women and Domestic Violence: Definitions and ExplanationsViolence Against Women: International ActionWomen’s Rights as Human RightsNational Strategies to Combat Violence Against WomenDissemination and Diffusion of Global Norms on Violence Against WomenCountry Profiles: Domestic ViolenceRussian FederationNicaraguaGhanaViolence Against Women: Honor CrimesViolence Against Women: Armed ConflictCHAPTER 14: HUMAN RIGHTS AND CULTURAL RELATIVISM: FEMALE CIRCUMCISION AND CHILD SOLDIERSFemale CircumcisionThe Cultural and Social Context of Female CircumcisionCultural Relativism and Female CircumcisionClaims for Asylum Based on the Practice of Female CircumcisionChanging the Practice of Female Circumcision: What Works?Child SoldiersModern Forms of Warfare and Child SoldiersQuestioning ChildhoodGirl SoldiersCoercion, Agency and VictimsInternationalizing the Child Soldier: Victim and Perpetrator?Reintegrating and Restoring the Child Soldier