Bartosz Wojciechowski – författare

This volume analyses current debates concerning problems in the nature, justification, and legal protection of human rights for minorities, with reference to the issues surrounding social milieu as a source of any legitimized law, which is in itself in need of legal recognition as well as being an object of legal protection. With contributions from a global network of scientists across several continents, the work examines the debate dedicated to the understanding of the normative framework, expressed in terms of human rights that guarantee autonomous action in public and private for minority groups as well as individuals. The chapters go on to study the particular claims that need to be audible and visible for others in the public sphere with reference to the legal protection of human rights. The work concludes with the completion of an interpretative circle debating the issues of legal consensus and legal identity with respect to the specificity of the patterns and modes guiding human interactions. Going beyond the legal analysis to discuss communication strategies in human rights, this collection will be of great interest to those studying the philosophy and theory of law, practical philosophy in general, political sciences and theory of democracy.

This book argues that omitting the component of narrative creates an irresolvable antinomy concerning the identity of the subject: between the subject and identical copies of itself in different situations, or between it and the identical subject as a substantial illusion, the elimination of which reveals the pure multitude of desires, emotions, and perceptions.The starting point of the considerations presented here is the conviction that knowledge of one’s own desires and preferred values is obtained by articulating a narrative identity through social interactions and mutually determined moral horizons that presuppose shared meanings and the possibility of consensus. The book emphasizes the significance of personal narration and identity formation, but also points out that collective narrative, which is culturally and traditionally rooted, is also one’s own narrative. It focuses on the issue of identity, which is discussed today in numerous contexts, and the understanding of which, according to the author, has important consequences, including: for the legal aspects of our lives, as it concerns, for example, the rights of LGBTQ+ people or entities marginalized or excluded for various reasons. The titular narrative identity of an authentic legal entity is related to opening ourselves to others, but also to ourselves. The interdisciplinary research perspective adopted in the book combines literary aspects, philosophical, sociological and theoretical-legal considerations with an analysis of the jurisprudence of European tribunals.

This book argues that omitting the component of narrative creates an irresolvable antinomy concerning the identity of the subject: between the subject and identical copies of itself in different situations, or between it and the identical subject as a substantial illusion, the elimination of which reveals the pure multitude of desires, emotions, and perceptions.The starting point of the considerations presented here is the conviction that knowledge of one’s own desires and preferred values is obtained by articulating a narrative identity through social interactions and mutually determined moral horizons that presuppose shared meanings and the possibility of consensus. The book emphasizes the significance of personal narration and identity formation, but also points out that collective narrative, which is culturally and traditionally rooted, is also one’s own narrative. It focuses on the issue of identity, which is discussed today in numerous contexts, and the understanding of which, according to the author, has important consequences, including: for the legal aspects of our lives, as it concerns, for example, the rights of LGBTQ+ people or entities marginalized or excluded for various reasons. The titular narrative identity of an authentic legal entity is related to opening ourselves to others, but also to ourselves. The interdisciplinary research perspective adopted in the book combines literary aspects, philosophical, sociological and theoretical-legal considerations with an analysis of the jurisprudence of European tribunals.

The book tackles significant problems that each historian of law faces in the light of present decline of philosophical, ethical and ideological canons in the overall context of western civilization. The issues discussed in the book manifest themselves in the question whether the «democratic turn» is a real or just a virtue one. Democracy generally means governance by the people – but who are the people? What kind of governance by the people can be claimed as democratic – all of the various types that exist or only a single, chosen one? What – if any – is the normative issue of such a governance? Democracy, after all, is not a simple descriptive model of governance; it is deeply rooted in our preferences and hence normative patterns of conduct, which are not yet to be understood as the norm but rather as founding principles. Democracy is a thoroughly normative model. It is always as constructed and uttered in the picture of life at the same time.

The authors focus on the interrelations between the sense of individual identity and the sense of national identity. Their aim is to find a common European legal culture. The processes of Europeanization have been proceeding on the legal level, wherein the CJEU took a prominent role, and on the level of intergovernmental decision-making. In the aftermath, the EU may be comprehended in terms of the rights-based union and problem-solving entity although the emergence of the values-based community has been stymied and the transnational public spheres are rather thin. This caused a democratic deficit and provoked debates about the EU as a post-democratic polity. There are disputes whether this oddity of the EU indicates its nobility or perversion. But the fact remains that the Eurocitizens in their post-sovereign states became lost in the Hegelian extreme terms of the universal-formal rights. Their individual interests made them especially exposed to the shocks of the economic crisis. This makes it necessary to address the issue of the common European constitutional culture.

Constitutional consciousness belongs not solely to the legal field, but also to other social sciences. It refers not only to constitutional and national identity but also to European identity, as the general principles of EU law derive from common constitutional traditions. Its low level results with difficulties in the proper reading of the legitimacy of power and with the recently widely discussed democratic deficit both in member states and in the EU itself. The publication addresses the issue of European integration and the common catalogue of values and human rights. The aim is to point out that increasing its level in society shall bring remedy for the democratic deficit in the EU and strengthen respect for fundamental rights. This thesis gives the publication an innovative Character.