Benjamin Veress – författare

Horizons in Earth Science Research. Volume 18 opens with a chapter discussing the influence of canyons at the nearshore of river mouths on water dynamics and sediment transport, seawater intrusion into estuaries, and erosion-accumulative processes. The mouths of the rivers Congo and St. Lawrence are studied as examples of the effect of canyons of different genesis on estuary formation. Next, the authors use numerical examples to demonstrate qualitatively and quantitatively the variability of the Odum - Pianka ecosystem under different conditions. An analysis of stability shows that the Odum - Pianka ecosystem has two steady states. One of them corresponds to the situation when the total amount of the ecosystem material is accumulated in the mineral nutrition component, and the second steady state is stable and corresponds to the ecosystem equilibrium state. Following this, the authors present depth determination and source characteristics for North Korean nuclear tests using body wave and surface wave spectra. The source depths for the 2016J, 2016S and 2017S nuclear tests were estimated at 2.11 km, 1.99 km and 1.99 km, respectively using spectral nulls of P- and S- wave and Rg-wave spectra. Also in this compilation, ethnography, folklore and historical information is analyzed in order to restore the ancient celestial sphere (with the use of a special astronomy application) and identify the correlations between the megalithic complexes of Shaori Mountain and the Sun and Moon eclipses. Afterwards, a new Modified Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm (M-LMA), improved from the Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm (LMA), was used to minimize back propagation errors in training a back propagation neural network (BPNN). To compare this capability, both M-LMA and LMA were used to trace the vertical component of the Chi-Chi earthquake with the same learning rates of 0.3. The results showed that M-LMA generated smaller tracing errors. In a separate study, measurements of in-situ magnetic susceptibility were compiled from mainly Precambrian crystalline basement rocks beneath the Colorado Plateau and ranges in Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico. The susceptibility meter used samples about 33 cubic centimeters of rock and measures variations in the modal distribution of magnetic minerals that form a minor component volumetrically in these coarsely crystalline granitic to granodioritic rocks. Finally, a horizontal gradient analysis of the isostatic gravity and aeromagnetic anomaly grids of the New Mexico-Arizona-southern California area was carried out, focused on eastern Arizona and western New Mexico, to define the transitional boundary between the Proterozoic Yavapai province to the west and the Mazatzal province to the east. The two provinces differ substantially in their favorability to host Laramide porphyry copper deposits.

In the opening chapter of Horizons in Earth Science Research. Volume 19 uses obtained kinetic data to estimate the growth rate of the basic copper carbonates with the participation of complexing agents, thus demonstrating that natural organic complexing agents can play an important role in the formation of copper carbonate minerals. The next section deals with how the presence of organic matter, which is much softer than the inorganic matrix, affects gas production in shale reservoirs. A comprehensive study of the characteristics of organic matter can improve our understanding of organic-rich shale reservoirs. Additionally, remote-sensing for oil spills is reviewed. The technical aspects of sensors are summarized and the benefits and limitations of each sensor are given. In the last few decades, as the number of reclamation projects has increased, the diversity of the landscape has also increased, as has the proportion of ecologically valuable elements (such as forests, meadows and water bodies) which can approximate the original landscape with a greater degree of ecological stability. More accurate quantification of the extent of mining activities and reclamation projects is important for exploration of environmental impacts on the ecosystem. In order to address coastal degradation, the Atlantic Andalusian Coastal District has performed beach and dune restoration planning, described by the authors as an example of sustainable coastal management. In the penultimate chapter, the method of the gravitational mass spectroscopy is used to investigate the inhomogeneity of the density in the surface layers of the Earth''s crust under the European continent in the area of massive deposits of hard coal. The final chapter describes the petrography, whole-rock major and trace-element geochemistry of lamprophyre dyke reported in southern India.

Horizons in Earth Science Research. Volume 20 first provides an overview of geodesy throughout the past six decades, providing a short glimpse of emerging technology that is expected to enable rapid advances in many branches of science in the decades to come. Next, the performance of two wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometers possessing rhodium anode have been compared to assess their usefulness in limnological studies, using bottom sediments from Araxá, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The authors review the applications of infrared absorption spectroscopy in the fields of condensed matter physics and earth sciences. Infrared absorption spectroscopy is mainly associated with interactions between atoms and vibrational phonons of materials. Additionally, a comparative study held at different drainage systems in Araxá, Minas Gerais, Brazil is presented with the aim of evaluating the performance of The Constant Flux: Constant Sedimentation and Constant Rate of Supply models. Following this, monazite and rutile geochronology and Zr-in-rutile thermometry are used to understand the thrust age and thermochronology of the Araçuaí/Ribeira Orogenic System-São Francisco Craton transition in southeastern Brazil. Recent work on neurotoxin-producing microalgae (dinoflagellates) is presented wherein effects from space weather may display the hormetic dose-response, either through geomagnetic activity or solar X-ray flux. Lastly, the authors provide a soft-computing approach to forecast 30-year-ahead annual rainfall in Tehran, Iran. A time-series of yearly data covering more than one century was used for the design of ensemble projections to understand and quantify the uncertainty associated with intradecadal-to-interdecadal predictability.

This monograph consists of six chapters that provide updates in the field of earth science research. Chapter One explicates the history of exploration of the Antarctic continent and tries to answer questions surrounding the initial discovery of Antarctica. Chapter Two describes the properties of the Kwanza Basin in terms of the presence of hydrocarbons and other aspects of interest to oil companies. Chapter Three includes information about the planktic foraminiferal biostratigraphy at the K/PG boundary at El Kef GSSP of the Tethyan realm. Chapter Four quantitively assesses the microfabric of the Kawabata Formation by evaluating rock specimens using magnetic techniques. Chapter Five presents the results of the research of distribution of rare-earth and other trace elements in relict zircons from restitogenic ultramafic rocks of Shaman massifs. Finally, Chapter Six introduces a new monitoring technology that could lead to the next generation of hydraulic fracture optimization and rejuvenate unconventional reservoir development.

This edited volume includes five chapters, each detailing recent advancements in earth science research. Chapter One explores the role of artificial intelligence in issuing more accurate and timely forecasts of summer monsoon rainfall. Chapter Two describes the process of recycling magnets to obtain rare earth elements as well as the potential economic, environmental, and strategic advantages of doing so. Chapter Three highlights the necessity of moving from a conventional linear economy to a circular economy in which the value of electronic waste is maximized through reusing, recycling, remanufacturing, and refurbishing. Chapter Four reviews and discusses the recent trends, developments, and future perspectives of direct and chemical recycling techniques of nonmetal fractions from electronic waste. Lastly, Chapter Five overviews the application of remote sensing and geographic information systems in agriculture and natural resource management.