Csaba Varga - Böcker

This comprehensive introduction to the calculus of variations and its main principles also presents their real-life applications in various contexts: mathematical physics, differential geometry, and optimization in economics. Based on the authors' original work, it provides an overview of the field, with examples and exercises suitable for graduate students entering research. The method of presentation will appeal to readers with diverse backgrounds in functional analysis, differential geometry and partial differential equations. Each chapter includes detailed heuristic arguments, providing thorough motivation for the material developed later in the text. Since much of the material has a strong geometric flavor, the authors have supplemented the text with figures to illustrate the abstract concepts. Its extensive reference list and index also make this a valuable resource for researchers working in a variety of fields who are interested in partial differential equations and functional analysis.

This Major Reference series brings together a wide range of key international articles in law and legal theory. Many of these essays are not readily accessible, and their presentation in these volumes will provide a vital new resource for both research and teaching. Each volume is edited by leading international authorities who explain the significance and context of articles in an informative and complete introduction.

This Major Reference series brings together a wide range of key international articles in law and legal theory. Many of these essays are not readily accessible, and their presentation in these volumes will provide a vital new resource for both research and teaching. Each volume is edited by leading international authorities who explain the significance and context of articles in an informative and complete introduction.

"Iran is a key case in the social scientific literature on pre-capitalist societies and this book is informed by a detailed knowledge of its state and agrarian relations." --Paul Hirst, University of London Iran is a key case in the social scientific literature on pre- capitalist societies and this book is informed by a detailed knowledge of its state and agrarian relations. Vali's critical assessment of attempts to characterize these institutions is thorough, accurate and fair. His book is of great intellectual interest." --Paul Hirst, Birkbeck College, University of London Iran before 1906 is a fascinating example of a pre-capitalist society. Was Iran, in the centuries before the constitutional revolution of 1906, an essentially feudal society? Or was it a despotic Asiatic one? In this illuminating portrait of politics and society in Qajar Iran, Abbas Vali examines these, and other, questions to develop new concepts for the analysis of state and social relations in pre-capitalist Iran.The first theoretical history of Qajar Iran, the volume contains chapters on Marxism and the historiography of pre-capitalist Iran; economic concepts of feudal rent; political authority, sovereignty, and property ownership in medieval political discourse; and the organization of agrarian production in pre- capitalist Iran. How can Iranian society prior to the constitutional revolution of 1906 be characterized? In this book, the first theoretical history of its kind, Vali takes as his starting point the long- standing debate among historians and social scientists over this central issue. He critically assesses the work of those scholars who have argued that pre-twentieth century Iranian institutions were essentially feudal, and those who have proposed an alternative conceptualization of Iran as an Asiatic society. Since this controversy takes place within the framework of a comparative study of Iranian and West European histories, the book also examines the works of high social theory from which it derives - those of Marx, Weber, Wittfogel, Anderson, Balibar, Hindess and Hirst, Mann, and others.Finally, Vali uses his critiques to develop new concepts for the analysis of state and social relations in pre-capitalist Iran.

Providing theoretical answers on how to describe each legal culture and tradition side-by-side, it also explores educational methodological options to address these aspects without causing offence or provoking tension within a multicultural student community.

Providing theoretical answers on how to describe each legal culture and tradition side-by-side, it also explores educational methodological options to address these aspects without causing offence or provoking tension within a multicultural student community.