Francis X. McCormack - Böcker

Drs. Robert Kotloff and Francis McCormack have assembled an expert team of authors on the topic of Rare and Orphan Lung Diseases. Articles include: Lymphangioleiomyomatosis, Pulmonary Lymphangiomatosis, Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and other Histiocytic Diseases of the Lung, Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis, Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis, Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia, Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome, Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome, Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia, Non-CF Bronchiectasis, Eosinophilic Lung Diseases, Benign Metastasizing Leiomyomata, and more!

Dr. SharonRounds,theeditorforthisserieswhoinvitedustowriteabookonrare lungdiseases,developedtheideaafterattendingthe2004Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM)Foundationannualresearchmeeting. Shewasakeynotespeakeratthatevent (duringhertenureasthepresidentoftheAmericanThoracicSociety)andwasw- nesstothepowerofpatientadvocacyandthemission-basedscienti ceffortthathad broughtthisrarediseaseofwomenfromobscuritytoclinicaltrialswithtargetedmol- ulartherapiesinunderadecade. Theprogressinpulmonaryalveolarproteinosis(PAP), pulmonaryalveolarmicrolithiasis(PAM),inheriteddisordersofsurfactantmetabolism, and pulmonary arterial hypertension, to name a few, has been no less astounding. Advanceshavecomefromthemostsurprisingdirections;fruit iesforLAM,gen- ically engineered mice made for other purposes for PAP, and groundbreaking hi- densitySNP(single-nucleotidepolymorphism)analysesdoneonahandfuloffamilies forPAM.Inmanycases,insightsintobiologygainedfromrarediseaseshaveinformed researchapproachesandtreatmentstrategiesformorecommondiseases;forexample, knowledgegainedfromthestudyofPAPabouttheroleofGM-CSFinthelunghas sparkedinterestintheuseofantiGM-CSFapproachestocontrolbothpulmonaryand extrapulmonaryin ammationinavarietyofdiseases. The ndingthatinterstitiallung diseasedevelopsinfamilieswithcytotoxicmutationsinsurfactantproteinC(SP-C), agenewhichisexpressedonlyinalveolartypecells,hasunderscoredtheimportance oftheintegrityofthealveolarepitheliuminthepathogenesisofparenchymal brosis. Opportunitiestoapproachlungdiseasepathogenesisfromthevantagepointofap- marymoleculardefectaregiftsfromnaturethatareuniquelyabundantamongtherare lungdisorders. WesalutetheNIHandtheNationalCenterforResearchResourcesfortheirvisionin facilitatingthetranslationofbasicresearchadvancesinrarelungdiseasesintoclinical realitythroughtheRareLungDiseaseConsortium,anetworkof13USandinter- tionalsitesthatiscurrentlyconductingclinicaltrialsandstudiesinLAM,alphaone antitrypsin de ciency, pediatric interstitial lung disease, and PAP.It has been a rare privilegetoworkonsuchfascinatingdiseaseswithsuchcapableinvestigatorsfromall overtheworldoverthepast6years. v vi Preface Theformatforthisvolumeisunique. Mostchaptershavebeenauthoredbyacli- cianandabasicscientistwhoareexpertinthediseasetopicandunderlyingmolecular defect,respectively. Theirchargewastofocusonthegeneticbasisandmolecularpat- genesisofdisease,animalmodels,clinicalfeatures,diagnosticapproach,conventional managementandtreatment,andfuturetherapeutictargetsanddirections. Theintentwas nottoprovideabroadoverview,butrathertoshedlightonthemolecularmechanisms thatevoketheclinicalpresentationandengendertreatmentstrategiesforeachdisease. Wehopethatthisapproachwillproveusefulforpulmonarycliniciansandscientists alike. Wethankourwives,Holly,Jean,andVicky,fortheirsupportandindulgencewith latenightemailsandwork- lledweekends,Dr. Roundsfortheinvitationtowritethe book,andalloftheauthorswhocontributed. FrancisMcCormack,MD RalphPanos,MD BruceTrapnell,MD Contents Preface...v Contributors...ix 1 AClinicalApproachtoRareLungDiseases...1 RalphJ. Panos 2 ClinicalTrialsforRareLungDiseases...31 JeffreyKrischer 3 IdiopathicandFamilialPulmonaryArterialHypertension ...39 JeanM.Elwing,GailH. Deutsch,WilliamC. Nichols, andTimothyD. LeCras 4 Lymphangioleiomyomatosis...85 ElizabethP. HenskeandFrancisX. McCormack 5 AutoimmunePulmonaryAlveolarProteinosis...111 BruceC. Trapnell,KohNakata,andYoshikazuInoue 6 MutationsinSurfactantProteinCandInterstitialLungDisease ...133 RalphJ. PanosandJamesP. Bridges 7 HereditaryHaemorrhagicTelangiectasia ...167 ClaireShovlinandS. PaulOh 8 Hermansky-Dr. SharonRounds,theeditorforthisserieswhoinvitedustowriteabookonrare lungdiseases,developedtheideaafterattendingthe2004Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM)Foundationannualresearchmeeting. Shewasakeynotespeakeratthatevent (duringhertenureasthepresidentoftheAmericanThoracicSociety)andwasw- nesstothepowerofpatientadvocacyandthemission-basedscienti ceffortthathad broughtthisrarediseaseofwomenfromobscuritytoclinicaltrialswithtargetedmol- ulartherapiesinunderadecade. Theprogressinpulmonaryalveolarproteinosis(PAP), pulmonaryalveolarmicrolithiasis(PAM),inheriteddisordersofsurfactantmetabolism, and pulmonary arterial hypertension, to name a few, has been no less astounding.Advanceshavecomefromthemostsurprisingdirections;fruit iesforLAM,gen- ically engineered mice made for other purposes for PAP, and groundbreaking hi- densitySNP(single-nucleotidepolymorphism)analysesdoneonahandfuloffamilies forPAM. Inmanycases,insightsintobiologygainedfromrarediseaseshaveinformed researchapproachesandtreatmentstrategiesformorecommondiseases;forexample, knowledgegainedfromthestudyofPAPabouttheroleofGM-CSFinthelunghas sparkedinterestintheuseofantiGM-CSFapproachestocontrolbothpulmonaryand extrapulmonaryin ammationinavarietyofdiseases. The ndingthatinterstitiallung diseasedevelopsinfamilieswithcytotoxicmutationsinsurfactantproteinC(SP-C), agenewhichisexpressedonlyinalveolartypecells,hasunderscoredtheimportance oftheintegrityofthealveolarepitheliuminthepathogenesisofparenchymal brosis. Opportunitiestoapproachlungdiseasepathogenesisfromthevantagepointofap- marymoleculardefectaregiftsfromnaturethatareuniquelyabundantamongtherare lungdisorders.WesalutetheNIHandtheNationalCenterforResearchResourcesfortheirvisionin facilitatingthetranslationofbasicresearchadvancesinrarelungdiseasesintoclinical realitythroughtheRareLungDiseaseConsortium,anetworkof13USandinter- tionalsitesthatiscurrentlyconductingclinicaltrialsandstudiesinLAM,alphaone antitrypsin de ciency, pediatric interstitial lung disease, and PAP. It has been a rare privilegetoworkonsuchfascinatingdiseaseswithsuchcapableinvestigatorsfromall overtheworldoverthepast6years. v vi Preface Theformatforthisvolumeisunique. Mostchaptershavebeenauthoredbyacli- cianandabasicscientistwhoareexpertinthediseasetopicandunderlyingmolecular defect,respectively. Theirchargewastofocusonthegeneticbasisandmolecularpat- genesisofdisease,animalmodels,clinicalfeatures,diagnosticapproach,conventional managementandtreatment,andfuturetherapeutictargetsanddirections. Theintentwas nottoprovideabroadoverview,butrathertoshedlightonthemolecularmechanisms thatevoketheclinicalpresentationandengendertreatmentstrategiesforeachdisease. Wehopethatthisapproachwillproveusefulforpulmonarycliniciansandscientists alike.Wethankourwives,Holly,Jean,andVicky,fortheirsupportandindulgencewith latenightemailsandwork- lledweekends,Dr. Roundsfortheinvitationtowritethe book,andalloftheauthorswhocontributed. FrancisMcCormack,MD RalphPanos,MD BruceTrapnell,MD Contents Preface...v Contributors...ix 1 AClinicalApproachtoRareLungDiseases...1 RalphJ. Panos 2 ClinicalTrialsforRareLungDiseases...31 JeffreyKrischer 3 IdiopathicandFamilialPulmonaryArterialHypertension ...39 JeanM. Elwing,GailH. Deutsch,WilliamC. Nichols, andTimothyD. LeCras 4 Lymphangioleiomyomatosis...85 ElizabethP. HenskeandFrancisX. McCormack 5 AutoimmunePulmonaryAlveolarProteinosis...111 BruceC. Trapnell,KohNakata,andYoshikazuInoue 6 MutationsinSurfactantProteinCandInterstitialLungDisease ...133 RalphJ. PanosandJamesP. Bridges 7 HereditaryHaemorrhagicTelangiectasia ...167 ClaireShovlinandS. PaulOh 8 Hermansky-Dr. SharonRounds,theeditorforthisserieswhoinvitedustowriteabookonrare lungdiseases,developedtheideaafterattendingthe2004Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM)Foundationannualresearchmeeting.Shewasakeynotespeakeratthatevent (duringhertenureasthepresidentoftheAmericanThoracicSociety)andwasw- nesstothepowerofpatientadvocacyandthemission-basedscienti ceffortthathad broughtthisrarediseaseofwomenfromobscuritytoclinicaltrialswithtargetedmol- ulartherapiesinunderadecade. Theprogressinpulmonaryalveolarproteinosis(PAP), pulmonaryalveolarmicrolithiasis(PAM),inheriteddisordersofsurfactantmetabolism, and pulmonary arterial hypertension, to name a few, has been no less astounding. Advanceshavecomefromthemostsurprisingdirections;fruit iesforLAM,gen- ically engineered mice made for other purposes for PAP, and groundbreaking hi- densitySNP(single-nucleotidepolymorphism)analysesdoneonahandfuloffamilies forPAM. Inmanycases,insightsintobiologygainedfromrarediseaseshaveinformed researchapproachesandtreatmentstrategiesformorecommondiseases;forexample, knowledgegainedfromthestudyofPAPabouttheroleofGM-CSFinthelunghas sparkedinterestintheuseofantiGM-CSFapproachestocontrolbothpulmonaryand extrapulmonaryin ammationinavarietyofdiseases.The ndingthatinterstitiallung diseasedevelopsinfamilieswithcytotoxicmutationsinsurfactantproteinC(SP-C), agenewhichisexpressedonlyinalveolartypecells,hasunderscoredtheimportance oftheintegrityofthealveolarepitheliuminthepathogenesisofparenchymal brosis. Opportunitiestoapproachlungdiseasepathogenesisfromthevantagepointofap- marymoleculardefectaregiftsfromnaturethatareuniquelyabundantamongtherare lungdisorders. WesalutetheNIHandtheNationalCenterforResearchResourcesfortheirvisionin facilitatingthetranslationofbasicresearchadvancesinrarelungdiseasesintoclinical realitythroughtheRareLungDiseaseConsortium,anetworkof13USandinter- tionalsitesthatiscurrentlyconductingclinicaltrialsandstudiesinLAM,alphaone antitrypsin de ciency, pediatric interstitial lung disease, and PAP. It has been a rare privilegetoworkonsuchfascinatingdiseaseswithsuchcapableinvestigatorsfromall overtheworldoverthepast6years. v vi Preface Theformatforthisvolumeisunique. Mostchaptershavebeenauthoredbyacli- cianandabasicscientistwhoareexpertinthediseasetopicandunderlyingmolecular defect,respectively.Theirchargewastofocusonthegeneticbasisandmolecularpat- genesisofdisease,animalmodels,clinicalfeatures,diagnosticapproach,conventional managementandtreatment,andfuturetherapeutictargetsanddirections. Theintentwas nottoprovideabroadoverview,butrathertoshedlightonthemolecularmechanisms thatevoketheclinicalpresentationandengendertreatmentstrategiesforeachdisease. Wehopethatthisapproachwillproveusefulforpulmonarycliniciansandscientists alike. Wethankourwives,Holly,Jean,andVicky,fortheirsupportandindulgencewith latenightemailsandwork- lledweekends,Dr. Roundsfortheinvitationtowritethe book,andalloftheauthorswhocontributed. FrancisMcCormack,MD RalphPanos,MD BruceTrapnell,MD Contents Preface...v Contributors...ix 1 AClinicalApproachtoRareLungDiseases...1 RalphJ. Panos 2 ClinicalTrialsforRareLungDiseases...31 JeffreyKrischer 3 IdiopathicandFamilialPulmonaryArterialHypertension ...39 JeanM. Elwing,GailH. Deutsch,WilliamC. Nichols, andTimothyD. LeCras 4 Lymphangioleiomyomatosis...85 ElizabethP. HenskeandFrancisX. McCormack 5 AutoimmunePulmonaryAlveolarProteinosis...111 BruceC. Trapnell,KohNakata,andYoshikazuInoue 6 MutationsinSurfactantProteinCandInterstitialLungDisease ...133 RalphJ.PanosandJamesP. Bridges 7 HereditaryHaemorrhagicTelangiectasia ...167 ClaireShovlinandS. PaulOh 8 Hermansky-PudlakSyndrome...189 LisaR. YoungandWilliamA. Gahl 9 Alpha-1AntitrypsinDe ciency ...209 CharlieStrangeandSabinaJanciauskiene vii viii Contents 10 TheMarfanSyndrome ...225 AmareshNathandEnidR. Neptune 11 SurfactantDe ciencyDisorders:SP-BandABCA3...247 LawrenceM. Nogee 12 PulmonaryCapillaryHemangiomatosis ...267 EdwardD. Chan,KathrynChmura,andAndrewSullivan 13 Anti-glomerularBasementDisease:Goodpasture'sSyndrome...275 GangadharTaduri,RaghuKalluri,andRalphJ. Panos 14 PrimaryCiliaryDyskinesia...293 MichaelR. Knowles,HildaMetjian,MargaretW. Leigh, andMaimoonaA. Zariwala 15 PulmonaryAlveolarMicrolithiasis...325 KoichiHagiwara,TakeshiJohkoh,andTeruoTachibana 16 CysticFibrosis...339 AndreM. Cantin 17 PulmonaryLangerhans'CellHistiocytosis-Advances intheUnderstandingofaTrueDendriticCellLungDisease...369 RobertVassallo 18 Sarcoidosis...389 RalphJ. PanosandAndrewP. Fontenot 19 SclerodermaLungDisease...409 BrentW. Kinder SubjectIndex...421 Contributors JamesP. Bridges,PhD, DepartmentofNeonatologyinPulmonaryBiology,Children's HospitalMedicalCenter,Cincinnati,OH AndreM.Cantin,MD, Department of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke,QC,Canada EdwardD. Chan,MD, DepartmentofInternalMedicine,NationalJewishMedicaland ResearchCenter,Denver,CO KathrynChmura,BA, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine,Denver,CO GailH.

This book is a comprehensive reference on diffuse cystic lung diseases (DCLDs). This textbook provides a one-stop, comprehensive and integrated, clinical, radiologic, and pathologic overview of DCLDs that will be as useful to the practicing clinician as it is to the clinical investigator.

This book is a comprehensive reference on diffuse cystic lung diseases (DCLDs). This textbook provides a one-stop, comprehensive and integrated, clinical, radiologic, and pathologic overview of DCLDs that will be as useful to the practicing clinician as it is to the clinical investigator.

The second edition comprehensively reviews the wide field of rare pulmonary diseases. Issues such as less common diseases affecting the airways, systematic disorders with lung involvement, interstitial lung diseases, and many other orphan conditions of the lungs are explored in this book. The progress and advances made in the field and the limited number of patients presenting each condition makes it very difficult for clinicians to be up-to-date in this field. Readers will discover how to diagnose and manage these rare orphan diseases. Orphan Lung Diseases: A Clinical Guide to Rare Lung Disease  is a practical, informative book written by a team of international authors with much experience in rare pulmonary diseases Orphan Lung Diseases: A Clinical Guide to Rare Lung Disease, second edition provides synthesized and easily accessible information about the main orphan lung diseases, to aid clinicians in charge of patients with rare disease,or who consider the diagnosis of a rare disease in their patient. It is a practical, informative guide written by a team of international experienced authors in rare pulmonary diseases.