H Micheal Tarver – författare

An indispensable resource for readers interested in Venezuelan history, this book analyzes Venezuela's economic crisis through the context of its political and social history.For decades, the economy of Venezuela has depended on petroleum. As a consequence of a reduction in the price of oil, Venezuela recently experienced an economic downturn resulting in rampant social spending, administrative corruption, and external economic forces that collectively led credit-rating agencies to declare in November 2017 that Venezuela was in default on its debt payments. How did this Latin American nation come to this point?The History of Venezuela explores Venezuela's history from its earliest times to the present day, demonstrating both the richness of Venezuela and its people and the complexity of its political, social, and economic problems. As with all titles in The Greenwood Histories of the Modern Nations series, this chronological narrative examines political, economic, cultural, philosophical, and religious continuities in Venezuela's long and rich history, providing readers with a concise yet up-to-date study of the nation. The volume highlights the country's wide variety of cultures, languages, political ideologies, and historical figures and landmarks through maps, photographs, biographies, a timeline, and a bibliographical essay with suggestions for further reading.

Discover the people, events, milestones, and landmarks in the history of South America from European contact to their independence.This two-volume encyclopedia provides entries on many of the key people, places, and events essential to the last 500 years of South American history, from the Cajamarca Encounter of 1532 to the independence of Suriname in 1975. With entries on the indigenous peoples of countries such as Argentina and Uruguay, the major geographic landmarks from the Andes Mountains to the Amazon River, and on cities from Buenos Aires to Quito, this encyclopedia provides students and researchers alike a valuable guide to South American history, geography, and culture.The volumes comprise entries on various South American colonies and countries; events and places; groups, organizations, and industries; independence movements; individuals; objects and artifacts; and organizations and administrations. Primary source document excerpts, a timeline, and original maps provide readers with a direct connection to the past and inspire historical inquiry.This comprehensive encyclopedia offers a window to the past, showing how the South America of the present came to be.

This book details the diplomatic relations between the United States and Venezuela during a pivotal time in world history. Through the utilization of archival materials and newspaper accounts, the author highlights the words of the major participants to demonstrate how the two nations worked together – sometimes hand-in-hand, sometimes face-to-face – to prevent the European War from spreading to the Western Hemisphere. Despite several efforts to develop hemispheric unity during the War, Venezuelan leaders perceived the policy of neutrality to be in the best interest of the country's national sovereignty. This book explores the personalities of the chief executives and selected diplomats to illustrate how both personnel and personalities molded their nation’s foreign relations. In the end, while perceived as two very different individuals who pursued different paths during the global conflict, the leadership styles of President Woodrow Wilson and General Juan Vicente Gómez were more alike than they realized. The overall cordial relations between the two nations during the period under review helped establish the foundation for the petroleum bonanza that United States companies would enjoy in the following years.

This book offers a vivid account of how Venezuela and the United States reshaped their diplomatic, economic, and security ties between 1945 and 1948, a period that marked Venezuela’s first real attempt at modern democracy. Set against the backdrop of the post–World War II world and the emerging Cold War, it shows how global shifts influenced local politics and vice versa.Drawing on rich archival research from both countries, Tarver and Soto Oraa trace how the new Venezuelan government, the Junta Revolucionaria de Gobierno, secured international recognition, negotiated with U.S. officials and oil companies, and oversaw a surge of foreign investment and military cooperation. The authors revisit key debates about democracy, political upheaval, and foreign involvement, highlighting how party rivalries, labor movements, and the landmark 1943 Hydrocarbons Law converged with U.S. strategic priorities under Presidents Roosevelt and Truman. The result is a clear and compelling narrative of how questions of sovereignty, oil, and ideology shaped a turning point in Venezuela’s history and in inter-American relations.