J. R. Anderson – författare

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Catalysis has made major contributions to many areas of chemical industry. Before embarking upon detailed considerations of catalytic science and technology, it is very helpful to look first at the nature of industrial catalysis, and how it has evolved and grown to meet demands imposed by changing industrial needs. Dr. H. Reinemann is uniquely qualified to place industrial catalysis in a historical perspective: in his distinguished industrial career he has been closely involved with many of the major innovations in industrial catalysis. Before a catalytic process is commercialized, the supporting research and development work is carried out in chemical reactors. It is obviously imperative that the behaviour of such reactor systems should be tho­ roughly understood by those who use them, and by those who may have to interpret their results, yet all too often this basic need is not met. Professor J. C. R. Turner provides a Straightforward yet thorough account of catalytic reactor theory which should make it impossi­ ble for any catalytic practitioner to plead ignorance. The catalytic hydrogenation of dinitrogen to ammonia is one of the world's great industrial processes and the catalytic activation of molecular dinitrogen is a key step in that process. The chapter by Professors A. Ozaki and K. Aika deals with the chemistry of dinitrogen activation at the catalyst surface, and shows how this relates to the synthesis of ammonia. The chapter also deals with the activation of dinitrogen by molecular complexes in homogeneaus systems.

NMR methods have for a considerable time been standard processes for the analysis of molecular structure: so much so that they are now universally regarded as indispensable for this purpose. Nevertheless, with the passage of time, NMR methodology has been elaborated to levels of ever increasing complexity and analytical sophistication so that the non­ specialist may now be readily excused for the belief that for anything beyond relatively elementary methods one would be well advised to work in collaboration with the specialist experts. The application of NMR methods to the field of catalysis occurred, in the main, relatively late in the day, mainly be­ cause those catalysts of greatest industrial importance, that is heterogeneous catalysts, are solids and so require special NMR methods if usefully narrow NMR lines are to be ob­ servable. Even so, magic-angle spinning NMR methodology is now thoroughly well established and is finding increasing use in the study of catalyst structure. Of course, conventional NMR methods have been used for a considerable time for the analysis of the products of catalytic reactions. Chapter 1 of the present volume by Professor Jacques Fraissard and his collaborators is designed to give an account of the application of NMR methods to the field of catalysis, but not including the conventional use of NMR for reaction product analysis, since this is already well covered in the existing NMR literature.