Kathleen Nolan – författare

In this chapter we interrogate the debate between mathematicians and mathematics educators. This debate is widely recognized in the United States, for instance, where the term ‘math wars’ is often used in reference to the heated disagreements between mathematicians and mathematics edu- tors. Such recognition might suggest that this topic itself has relevance both for the academy and for educational policy pertaining to mathematics edu- tion. We propose to locate this debate, unavoidably, whenever and wherever mathematics education is written. Our aim is to show how the debate itself gives rise to the inscription mathematics education. Indeed, we contend that ‘mathematics education’ cannot be defined outside of, or prior to, the debate, for it is precisely through the debate that it is constituted as a domain for 1 deliberation. The debate is more primordial than any epistémè or domain implied by it. In other words, we argue that mathematics and mathematics education do not exist epistemically prior to the debate. In order to engage this issue we consider a transcription of a panel debate 2 between mathematicians and mathematics educators held in Brazil in 1998 . There is at least a double meaning for the word ‘debate’: it may mean a meeting having a beginning and an end, well-localized in space and time and with a specific proposal or focus, as in the following sentence ‘I am going to see on TV the debate between Bush and Blair tomorrow at 5 pm’.

As zero-tolerance discipline policies have been instituted at high schools across the country, police officers are employed with increasing frequency to enforce behavior codes and maintain order, primarily at poorly performing, racially segregated urban schools. Actions that may once have sent students to the detention hall or resulted in their suspension may now introduce them to the criminal justice system. In Police in the Hallways, Kathleen Nolan explores the impact of policing and punitive disciplinary policies on the students and their educational experience. Through in-depth interviews with and observations of students, teachers, administrators, and police officers, Nolan offers a rich and nuanced account of daily life at a Bronx high school where police patrol the hallways and security and discipline fall under the jurisdiction of the NYPD. She documents how, as law enforcement officials initiate confrontations with students, small infractions often escalate into “police matters” that can lead to summonses to criminal court, arrest, and confinement in juvenile detention centers. Nolan follows students from the classroom and the cafeteria to the detention hall, the dean’s office, and the criminal court system, clarifying the increasingly intimate relations between the school and the criminal justice system. Placing this trend within the context of recent social and economic changes, as well as developments within criminal justice and urban school reform, she shows how this police presence has created a culture of control in which penal management overshadows educational innovation. Police in the Hallways also examines the prevalent forms of oppositional behavior through which students express their frustrations and their deep sense of exclusion. With compassion and clear-eyed analysis, Nolan sounds a warning about this alarming convergence of prison and school cultures and the negative impact that it has on the real lives of low-income students of color-and, in turn, on us all.

From Public Schools to Privatization provides an in-depth and up-to-date critical analysis of the marketization and privatization of urban public schools in the United States. Drawing on critical race policy analysis and ethnographic methods, this book examines the gap between urban teachers’ daily experiences of marketization and the policy discourses of politicians, policymakers, and reformers used to rationalize market policies. Tracing the arc of marketization from the rise of neoliberal market-based education policies in the 1980s to the present, the book also situates ethnographic vignettes of teachers’ work lives and teacher testimonies in their historical, political, and economic context to show how broader racialized political economic forces have shaped teachers’ work. Ultimately, this book argues that both major political parties in the United States have embraced marketization and that, in the current moment, we are experiencing an effort to dismantle public education entirely through privatization. Nevertheless, the author suggests that there is hope in the resistance of urban teachers, social justice unionism, and the promise of organizing a broad multiracial, pro-democracy, pro-worker social movement.

From Public Schools to Privatization provides an in-depth and up-to-date critical analysis of the marketization and privatization of urban public schools in the United States. Drawing on critical race policy analysis and ethnographic methods, this book examines the gap between urban teachers’ daily experiences of marketization and the policy discourses of politicians, policymakers, and reformers used to rationalize market policies. Tracing the arc of marketization from the rise of neoliberal market-based education policies in the 1980s to the present, the book also situates ethnographic vignettes of teachers’ work lives and teacher testimonies in their historical, political, and economic context to show how broader racialized political economic forces have shaped teachers’ work. Ultimately, this book argues that both major political parties in the United States have embraced marketization and that, in the current moment, we are experiencing an effort to dismantle public education entirely through privatization. Nevertheless, the author suggests that there is hope in the resistance of urban teachers, social justice unionism, and the promise of organizing a broad multiracial, pro-democracy, pro-worker social movement.

Traditionally, teacher education research theory and practice have had a technical-rational focus on productions of knowledge, skills, performance and accountability. Such a focus serves to (re)produce current educational systems instead of noticing and critiquing the wider modes of domination that permeate schools and school systems. In Social Theory for Teacher Education Research, Kathleen Nolan, Jennifer Tupper and the contributors make arguments for drawing on social theories to inform research in teacher education — research that moves the agenda beyond technical-rational concerns toward building a critically reflexive stance for noticing and unpacking the socio-political contexts of schooling. The theories discussed include Actor-Network Theory (ANT), Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) and la didactique du plurilinguisme, and social theorists covered include Barad, Bernstein, Bourdieu, Braidotti, Deleuze, Foucault, Heidegger, and Nussbaum. The chapters in this book make explicit how innovative social theory-driven research can challenge and change teacher education practices and the learning experiences of students.

Traditionally, teacher education research theory and practice have had a technical-rational focus on productions of knowledge, skills, performance and accountability. Such a focus serves to (re)produce current educational systems instead of noticing and critiquing the wider modes of domination that permeate schools and school systems. In Social Theory for Teacher Education Research, Kathleen Nolan, Jennifer Tupper and the contributors make arguments for drawing on social theories to inform research in teacher education — research that moves the agenda beyond technical-rational concerns toward building a critically reflexive stance for noticing and unpacking the socio-political contexts of schooling. The theories discussed include Actor-Network Theory (ANT), Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) and la didactique du plurilinguisme, and social theorists covered include Barad, Bernstein, Bourdieu, Braidotti, Deleuze, Foucault, Heidegger, and Nussbaum. The chapters in this book make explicit how innovative social theory-driven research can challenge and change teacher education practices and the learning experiences of students.

In this chapter we interrogate the debate between mathematicians and mathematics educators. This debate is widely recognized in the United States, for instance, where the term ‘math wars’ is often used in reference to the heated disagreements between mathematicians and mathematics edu- tors. Such recognition might suggest that this topic itself has relevance both for the academy and for educational policy pertaining to mathematics edu- tion. We propose to locate this debate, unavoidably, whenever and wherever mathematics education is written. Our aim is to show how the debate itself gives rise to the inscription mathematics education. Indeed, we contend that ‘mathematics education’ cannot be defined outside of, or prior to, the debate, for it is precisely through the debate that it is constituted as a domain for 1 deliberation. The debate is more primordial than any epistémè or domain implied by it. In other words, we argue that mathematics and mathematics education do not exist epistemically prior to the debate. In order to engage this issue we consider a transcription of a panel debate 2 between mathematicians and mathematics educators held in Brazil in 1998 . There is at least a double meaning for the word ‘debate’: it may mean a meeting having a beginning and an end, well-localized in space and time and with a specific proposal or focus, as in the following sentence ‘I am going to see on TV the debate between Bush and Blair tomorrow at 5 pm’.