Masayoshi Shibatani – författare

In recent years there has been a resurgance of interest in grammatical contructions - units of grammar representing form-meaning correspondences. The movement, in which Construction Grammar as developed by Charles Fillmore and Paul Kay has played a significant role, has arisen in part as a response to the Chomskyan modular approach, which treats grammatical contructions as epiphenomenal, dismantling their component features and attributing these to general principles of grammar.This volume is the first collection to focus on grammatical constructions per se, and is dedicated to Charles Fillmore in recognition of his leadership in the field. The papers all reflect or elaborate on his work, which shows how lexicon, syntax, semantics and pragmatics interact in giving constructions their individual holistic characters as basic units of grammar.Several approaches to constructions are represented here, dealing with topics that range from idiomatized constructions to traditional forms such as conditionals, relative clauses, and benefactive constructions. A unifying thread is the shared conviction that close examination of the nature of grammatical constructions, functions, meanings, and uses in ordinary speech and writing provides a rich foundation upon which to build a theory of cognition, memory, and grammar.

This book is a detailed survey of the two main indigenous languages of Japan, Japanese and Ainu. No genetic relationship has been established between them, and structurally they differ significantly. Professor Shibatani has therefore divided his study into two independent parts. The first is a most comprehensive study of the polysynthetic Ainu language. The second part deals extensively with Japanese. It discusses topics from the evolution of the writing system and the differences between men's and women's speech, to issues of greater theoretical complexity, such as phonology, the lexicon and word-formation, and the syntax of agglutinative morphology. As an American-trained scholar in Japan, the author is in an unique postion that affords him a dual perspective on language deriving from Western linguistic scholarship and the Japanese grammatical tradition.

This book is a detailed survey of the two main indigenous languages of Japan, Japanese and Ainu. No genetic relationship has been established between them, and structurally they differ significantly. Professor Shibatani has therefore divided his study into two independent parts. The first is a most comprehensive study of the polysynthetic Ainu language. The second part deals extensively with Japanese. It discusses topics from the evolution of the writing system and the differences between men's and women's speech, to issues of greater theoretical complexity, such as phonology, the lexicon and word-formation, and the syntax of agglutinative morphology. As an American-trained scholar in Japan, the author is in an unique postion that affords him a dual perspective on language deriving from Western linguistic scholarship and the Japanese grammatical tradition.

Studies of Japanese syntax have played a central role in the long history of Japanese linguistics spanning more than 250 years in Japan and abroad. More recently, Japanese has been among the languages most intensely studied within modern linguistic theories such as Generative Grammar and Cognitive/Functional Linguistics over the past fifty years. This volume presents a comprehensive survey of Japanese syntax from these three research strands, namely studies based on the traditional research methods developed in Japan, those from broader functional perspectives, and those couched in the generative linguistics framework.The twenty-four studies contained in this volume are characterized by a detailed analysis of a grammatical phenomenon with broader implications to general linguistics, making the volume attractive to both specialists of Japanese and those interested in learning about the impact of Japanese syntax to the general study of language. Each chapter is authored by a leading authority on the topic. Broad issues covered include sentence types (declarative, imperative, etc.) and their interactions with grammatical verbal categories (modality, polarity, politeness, etc.), grammatical relations (topic, subject, etc.), transitivity, nominalizations, grammaticalization, word order (subject, scrambling, numeral quantifier, configurationality), case marking (ga/no conversion, morphology and syntax), modification (adjectives, relative clause), and structure and interpretation (modality, negation, prosody, ellipsis). Chapter titles IntroductionChapter 1. Basic structures of sentences and grammatical categories, Yoshio Nitta, Kansai University of Foreign StudiesChapter 2: Transitivity, Wesley Jacobsen, Harvard UniversityChapter 3: Topic and subject, Takashi Masuoka, Kobe City University of Foreign StudiesChapter 4: Toritate: Focusing and defocusing of words, phrases, and clauses, Hisashi Noda,National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics Chapter 5: The layered structure of the sentence, Isao Iori, Hitotsubashi UniversityChapter 6. Functional syntax, Ken-Ichi Takami, Gakushuin University; and Susumu Kuno, Harvard UniversityChapter 7: Locative alternation, Seizi Iwata, Osaka City UniversityChapter 8: Nominalizations, Masayoshi Shibatani, Rice UniversityChapter 9: The morphosyntax of grammaticalization, Heiko Narrog, Tohoku UniversityChapter 10: Modality, Nobuko Hasegawa, Kanda University of International StudiesChapter 11: The passive voice, Tomoko Ishizuka, Tama University Chapter 12: Case marking, Hideki Kishimoto, Kobe University Chapter 13: Interfacing syntax with sounds and meanings, Yoshihisa Kitagawa, Indiana University Chapter 14: Subject, Masatoshi Koizumi, Tohoku University Chapter 15: Numeral quantifiers, Shigeru Miyagawa, MITChapter 16: Relative clauses, Yoichi Miyamoto, Osaka UniversityChapter 17: Expressions that contain negation, Nobuaki Nishioka, Kyushu UniversityChapter 18: Ga/No conversion, Masao Ochi, Osaka UniversityChapter 19: Ellipsis, Mamoru Saito, Nanzan University Chapter 20: Syntax and argument structure, Natsuko Tsujimura, Indiana University Chapter 21: Attributive modification, Akira Watanabe, University of TokyoChapter 22: Scrambling, Noriko Yoshimura, Shizuoka Prefectural University