Murat Gül – författare

Architecture and urban planning have always been used by political regimes to stamp their ideologies upon cities, and this is especially the case in the modern Turkish Republic. By exploring Istanbul's modern architectural and urban history, Murat Gul highlights the dynamics of political and social change in Turkey from the late-Ottoman period until today. Looking beyond pure architectural styles or the physical manifestations of Istanbul's cultural landscape, he offers critical insight into how Turkish attempts to modernise have affected both the city and its population. Charting the diverse forces evident in Istanbul's urban fabric, the book examines late Ottoman reforms, the Turkish Republic's turn westward for inspiration, Cold War alliances and the AK Party's reaffirmation of cultural ties with the Middle East and the Balkans. Telltale signs of these moments - revivalist architecture drawing on Ottoman and Seljuk styles, 1930s Art Deco, post-war International Style buildings and the proliferation of shopping malls, luxurious gated residences and high-rise towers, for example - are analysed and illustrated in extensive detail.Connecting this rich history to present-day Istanbul, whose urban development is characterised anew by intense social stratification, the book will appeal to researchers of Turkey, its architecture and urban planning.

In its transition from 18th century capital of the Ottoman Empire to economic powerhouse of the Turkish Republic, the city of Istanbul has been transformed beyond recognition. After the establishment of the Republic, Turkey increasingly turned to the West for ideas about how to create, shape and direct the development of a modern culture. This desire was felt most strongly in Istanbul, Turkey's most populous city. Its status as the capital of the Ottoman Empire, and later the economic hub of Turkey, made Istanbul a forum for the different regimes to display their political, ideological and social policies in the context of the built environment. Some modernisation policies never came to fruition - such as the unsuccessful late nineteenth century attempt by young Ottoman bureaucrats to initiate planning reforms at a time when the Empire was on the verge of collapse. The new Turkish Republic at first neglected the old Ottoman capital, and later attempted to make it conform to its secular political ideology. After World War II, Istanbul entered a new era in modernisation, with the Democratic Party government conducting a large scale re-design of Istanbul's urban form in order to show Turkey as a major political and economic force in post-war Europe and the Middle East. The scale of this modernisation process mirrored the spectacular transformation of Paris a century before: thousands of buildings were demolished, boulevards were carved out within the old city, and whole new residential neighbourhoods were created. In telling the story of this dramatic transformation, Murat Gül investigates and traces the impact of these changing policies on the very fabric of the city itself - in its streets, buildings and landscapes - and in the process provides new insights into the history of Turkey.

In its transition from 18th century capital of the Ottoman Empire to economic powerhouse of the Turkish Republic, Istanbul has been altered beyond recognition. This intricate and original account charts the urban transformation of an iconic and hybrid city and, through this, delves into the broader arena of Turkey's history. After the establishment of the Republic, Turkey increasingly turned to the West for ideas about how to develop a modern culture, and Istanbul became a forum for different regimes to display their political, ideological and social policies in the context of the built environment. Murat Gul traces the impact of these changing policies on the very fabric of the city itself - its streets, buildings and landscapes - to present a compelling account of the dramatic changes to Turkey's most important metropolis.

Architecture and urban planning have always been used by political regimes to stamp their ideologies upon cities, and this is especially the case in the modern Turkish Republic. By exploring Istanbul's modern architectural and urban history, Murat Gul highlights the dynamics of political and social change in Turkey from the late-Ottoman period until today. Looking beyond pure architectural styles or the physical manifestations of Istanbul's cultural landscape, he offers critical insight into how Turkish attempts to modernise have affected both the city and its population. Charting the diverse forces evident in Istanbul's urban fabric, the book examines late Ottoman reforms, the Turkish Republic's turn westward for inspiration, Cold War alliances and the AK Party's reaffirmation of cultural ties with the Middle East and the Balkans. Telltale signs of these moments - revivalist architecture drawing on Ottoman and Seljuk styles, 1930s Art Deco, post-war International Style buildings and the proliferation of shopping malls, luxurious gated residences and high-rise towers, for example - are analysed and illustrated in extensive detail.Connecting this rich history to present-day Istanbul, whose urban development is characterised anew by intense social stratification, the book will appeal to researchers of Turkey, its architecture and urban planning.

Architecture and urban planning have always been used by political regimes to stamp their ideologies upon cities, and this is especially the case in the modern Turkish Republic. By exploring Istanbul's modern architectural and urban history, Murat Gul highlights the dynamics of political and social change in Turkey from the late-Ottoman period until today. Looking beyond pure architectural styles or the physical manifestations of Istanbul's cultural landscape, he offers critical insight into how Turkish attempts to modernise have affected both the city and its population. Charting the diverse forces evident in Istanbul's urban fabric, the book examines late Ottoman reforms, the Turkish Republic's turn westward for inspiration, Cold War alliances and the AK Party's reaffirmation of cultural ties with the Middle East and the Balkans. Telltale signs of these moments - revivalist architecture drawing on Ottoman and Seljuk styles, 1930s Art Deco, post-war International Style buildings and the proliferation of shopping malls, luxurious gated residences and high-rise towers, for example - are analysed and illustrated in extensive detail.Connecting this rich history to present-day Istanbul, whose urban development is characterised anew by intense social stratification, the book will appeal to researchers of Turkey, its architecture and urban planning.

Architecture and urban planning have always been used by political regimes to stamp their ideologies upon cities, and this is especially the case in the modern Turkish Republic. By exploring Istanbul's modern architectural and urban history, Murat Gul highlights the dynamics of political and social change in Turkey from the late-Ottoman period until today. Looking beyond pure architectural styles or the physical manifestations of Istanbul's cultural landscape, he offers critical insight into how Turkish attempts to modernise have affected both the city and its population. Charting the diverse forces evident in Istanbul's urban fabric, the book examines late Ottoman reforms, the Turkish Republic's turn westward for inspiration, Cold War alliances and the AK Party's reaffirmation of cultural ties with the Middle East and the Balkans. Telltale signs of these moments - revivalist architecture drawing on Ottoman and Seljuk styles, 1930s Art Deco, post-war International Style buildings and the proliferation of shopping malls, luxurious gated residences and high-rise towers, for example - are analysed and illustrated in extensive detail.Connecting this rich history to present-day Istanbul, whose urban development is characterised anew by intense social stratification, the book will appeal to researchers of Turkey, its architecture and urban planning.

Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is characterized by the absence of sperm in the ejaculate due to a failure of the testes to produce sperm and is the cause of infertility in about 1% of adult men. This condition can result from various factors, including genetic abnormalities, hormonal imbalances, and environmental factors. Although NOA can make it difficult for men to conceive a child, there are treatment options available. These  include hormonal therapy, surgical procedures, and assisted reproductive techniques such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).The book begins with an introduction to NOA, including its definition, diagnosis, and epidemiology. The authors then provide a comprehensive discussion on the different aspects of NOA. Topics include  endocrine aberrations, the genetic spectrum of NOA, primary and secondary hypogonadism, fertility restoration, surgical approaches for sperm retrieval, and much more. It also explores the psychological and emotional impact of this condition on men and their partners. At the end, the book discusses the most recent international guidelines on NOA as well as what the future holds for NOA, such as experimental therapies, advancements in ART, and new research.Non-Obstructive Azoospermia: A Comprehensive Guide to Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment provides a comprehensive understanding of NOA, including its causes, diagnosis, and treatment options. By sharing the latest research, clinical practices, and patient experiences, this book aims to provide a valuable resource for healthcare professionals, researchers, and patients dealing with non-obstructive azoospermia.

Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is characterized by the absence of sperm in the ejaculate due to a failure of the testes to produce sperm and is the cause of infertility in about 1% of adult men. This condition can result from various factors, including genetic abnormalities, hormonal imbalances, and environmental factors. Although NOA can make it difficult for men to conceive a child, there are treatment options available. These  include hormonal therapy, surgical procedures, and assisted reproductive techniques such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).The book begins with an introduction to NOA, including its definition, diagnosis, and epidemiology. The authors then provide a comprehensive discussion on the different aspects of NOA. Topics include  endocrine aberrations, the genetic spectrum of NOA, primary and secondary hypogonadism, fertility restoration, surgical approaches for sperm retrieval, and much more. It also explores the psychological and emotional impact of this condition on men and their partners. At the end, the book discusses the most recent international guidelines on NOA as well as what the future holds for NOA, such as experimental therapies, advancements in ART, and new research.Non-Obstructive Azoospermia: A Comprehensive Guide to Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment provides a comprehensive understanding of NOA, including its causes, diagnosis, and treatment options. By sharing the latest research, clinical practices, and patient experiences, this book aims to provide a valuable resource for healthcare professionals, researchers, and patients dealing with non-obstructive azoospermia.