Peter J. Lambert - Böcker

This book contains a compact, accessible treatment of the main mathematical topics encountered in economics at an advanced level, moving from basic material into the twin areas of static and dynamic optimization. Nearly half of the book is devoted to a survey of univariate calculus, matrix algebra and multuvariate calculus. This fundamental material is made vigorous by the inclusion of a variety of applications. The later chapters focus on the Lagrange multiplier technique: when it will work, why it works and what economic insights it yields. The properties of maximum value functions and duality are explored, as are the Hamiltonian conditions for dynamic problems in the optimal control format. Dynamic programming and the calculus of variations are also covered. Much of the discussion proceeds at a heuristic level and by worked example, but the theorems and proofs required by the most analytical user are also to be found. The underlying message is that the language of mathematics can be productive, giving expression to the ideas and facilitating approaches from which insights flow that may be hard to come by in other ways.The book will be particularly useful for final year undergraduates doing mathematics for economists courses, and postgraduate students.

For equity, societies may wish to eliminate certain forms or manifestations of inequality. Horizontal equity and vertical equity in the income tax are topics which have interested me for some years. Although any shortfall from each of these objectives can be measured in terms of unwanted inequalities, equity per se is a different concept from equality. Equity relates to fairness, justice and other societal norms which give expression to the best aspirations of our collective social conscience. For example, equal access to health care for those in equal need is an accepted norm for horizontal equity in the health field. Vertical equity in this context means treating appropriately differently those who have different needs. The papers which are ultimately included in this volume are the ones, from among those offered, which survived a rigorous refereeing process. Each has its own take on the concept of equity, and its link with equality. Part of the "Research on Economic Inequality" series, it provides an international forum for all researchers interested in the study of economic inequality and related fields. It brings together a diversity of perspectives. This volume focuses on Equity.