Recent research about Breast CancerScientists identify high-priority chemicals that may cause breast cancer Past research has indicated that exposure to some chemicals may increase the risk of breast cancer. Now, a new study published in Environmental Health Perspectives - a journal from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) - has identified 17 high-priority chemicals women should avoid in order to reduce such risk and demonstrates how their presence can be detected.Could red meat consumption increase breast cancer risk? A study published in BMJ has found that higher red meat intake during early adulthood could a risk factor for developing breast cancer.Can breast cancer risk be predicted by skin moles? PLOS Medicine has published studies finding that moles / cutaneous nevi - may be a predictor of breast cancer. The two teams - from the US and France - find that women with a greater number of moles are more at risk of developing breast cancer.Study links high cholesterol to increased risk of breast cancer :A new study recently presented at the Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology meeting in Barcelona, Spain, suggests that women who have high Cholesterol may be at higher risk of developing breast cancer.Recent use of some oral contraceptives increases breast cancer risk :Numerous studies have suggested that birth control pills increase the risk of breast cancer. Now, a new study suggests that this increased risk may only apply to recent users and is dependent on the formulation of the pill.Childhood cancer treatment could increase risk of breast cancer :In a study published in Cancer, researchers found that patients receiving chest radiation to treat Wilms tumour- a rare form of childhood kidney cancer - had an increased risk of future breast cancer.Atypical hyperplasia linked to high lifetime risk of breast cancer :Researchers have long known that atypical hyperplasia - an accumulation of abnormal cells in the ducts or lobules of the breast. - can increase a womans risk of breast cancer. But a new study by researchers from the Mayo Clinic finds that this risk may be higher than previously thought.

What does it take to address poor sanitation, and the multiple health and livelihoods issues associated with it, at a large scale? How can Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) be operationalized at national and subnational levels? What do the strategies for achieving exponential growth of Open Defecation Free (ODF) communities look like?CLTS is a rapidly growing approach to solving the widespread sanitation challenges of the developing world. It is an approach that is proving to be effective in country after country, but most experience with the approach to date has been in a relatively bounded, project-based framework. This book looks at a particular experience in Madagascar of taking CLTS to a much larger scale. The Global Sanitation Funds program in Madagascar, the Fonds dAppui pour lAssainissement (FAA), is in the midst of a remarkable process currently producing thousands of ODF villages, which combine to make ODF communes and ODF districts.Promising Pathways describes some of the mechanisms that have evolved to put this process into action, focusing on innovative strategies and models for scaling up. It identifies and highlights features of the actors and the institutional environment that are key to emerging successes. And it pulls out the lessons that can be applied in other settings where MDG targets for sanitation have not yet been achieved. These lessons are clearly situated in the framework of the bottom-up and community-led principles underpinning the CLTS process. Based on fieldwork conducted at community and national levels in Madagascar during 2013, the research for this publication was guided by Kamal Kar, founder and pioneer of CLTS, and conducted by a CLTS Foundation team.CLTS Foundation is an association of like-minded development professionals and practitioners, focusing on issues around rural and urban sanitation globally. It strives to create a world free from open defecation by means of collective behavioral change of the empowered local communities through capacity building, providing technical support, and influencing national strategies and policies of the countries. The foundation also undertakes research and action-learning initiatives focused toward poverty reduction, rural and urban livelihoods, and governance issues, with CLTS as an entry-point strategy. It is a trust (trust registration no. 03956) being managed by a board of trustees and headed by a chairman with headquarters in Kolkata, India.CLTS Foundation CB 88, Sector 1, Salt LakeKolkata Pin 700064India www.cltsfoundation.org

Recent research about Breast CancerScientists identify high-priority chemicals that may cause breast cancer Past research has indicated that exposure to some chemicals may increase the risk of breast cancer. Now, a new study published in Environmental Health Perspectives - a journal from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) - has identified 17 high-priority chemicals women should avoid in order to reduce such risk and demonstrates how their presence can be detected.Could red meat consumption increase breast cancer risk? A study published in BMJ has found that higher red meat intake during early adulthood could a risk factor for developing breast cancer.Can breast cancer risk be predicted by skin moles? PLOS Medicine has published studies finding that moles / cutaneous nevi - may be a predictor of breast cancer. The two teams - from the US and France - find that women with a greater number of moles are more at risk of developing breast cancer.Study links high cholesterol to increased risk of breast cancer :A new study recently presented at the Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology meeting in Barcelona, Spain, suggests that women who have high Cholesterol may be at higher risk of developing breast cancer.Recent use of some oral contraceptives increases breast cancer risk :Numerous studies have suggested that birth control pills increase the risk of breast cancer. Now, a new study suggests that this increased risk may only apply to recent users and is dependent on the formulation of the pill.Childhood cancer treatment could increase risk of breast cancer :In a study published in Cancer, researchers found that patients receiving chest radiation to treat Wilms tumour- a rare form of childhood kidney cancer - had an increased risk of future breast cancer.Atypical hyperplasia linked to high lifetime risk of breast cancer :Researchers have long known that atypical hyperplasia - an accumulation of abnormal cells in the ducts or lobules of the breast. - can increase a womans risk of breast cancer. But a new study by researchers from the Mayo Clinic finds that this risk may be higher than previously thought.

What does it take to address poor sanitation, and the multiple health and livelihoods issues associated with it, at a large scale? How can Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) be operationalized at national and subnational levels? What do the strategies for achieving exponential growth of Open Defecation Free (ODF) communities look like?CLTS is a rapidly growing approach to solving the widespread sanitation challenges of the developing world. It is an approach that is proving to be effective in country after country, but most experience with the approach to date has been in a relatively bounded, project-based framework. This book looks at a particular experience in Madagascar of taking CLTS to a much larger scale. The Global Sanitation Funds program in Madagascar, the Fonds dAppui pour lAssainissement (FAA), is in the midst of a remarkable process currently producing thousands of ODF villages, which combine to make ODF communes and ODF districts.Promising Pathways describes some of the mechanisms that have evolved to put this process into action, focusing on innovative strategies and models for scaling up. It identifies and highlights features of the actors and the institutional environment that are key to emerging successes. And it pulls out the lessons that can be applied in other settings where MDG targets for sanitation have not yet been achieved. These lessons are clearly situated in the framework of the bottom-up and community-led principles underpinning the CLTS process. Based on fieldwork conducted at community and national levels in Madagascar during 2013, the research for this publication was guided by Kamal Kar, founder and pioneer of CLTS, and conducted by a CLTS Foundation team.CLTS Foundation is an association of like-minded development professionals and practitioners, focusing on issues around rural and urban sanitation globally. It strives to create a world free from open defecation by means of collective behavioral change of the empowered local communities through capacity building, providing technical support, and influencing national strategies and policies of the countries. The foundation also undertakes research and action-learning initiatives focused toward poverty reduction, rural and urban livelihoods, and governance issues, with CLTS as an entry-point strategy. It is a trust (trust registration no. 03956) being managed by a board of trustees and headed by a chairman with headquarters in Kolkata, India.CLTS Foundation CB 88, Sector 1, Salt LakeKolkata Pin 700064India www.cltsfoundation.org