Richard Sharp - Böcker
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There is considerable interest in thermophile microorganisms, in their environments, their ability to survive at temperatures which normally denature proteins, but more importantly, as a valuable resource for bio technology. The first reported isolation of Thermus by Tom Brock was in 1969. This initiated the present era of thermophilic research with the realization that where liquid water is available, there may be no limits to the temper ature at which microorganisms can grow. Considerable research into the ecology, physiology, metabolism, and thermostable enzymes of thermo philes has led to their evaluation for a range of industrial and commercial processes. The past fifteen years have been an explosive period of dis covery of many new genera and species, including the descriptions of a new fundamental kingdom-the Archaea. Much of the current research has been focused on the Archaea; but it is significant that during this period, the original type strain YT-l of Thermus aquaticus described by Brock has provided a major step forward in molecular biology. DNA polymerase from strain YT-I has proved to be the major success in the commercialization of enzymes from thermophilic microorganisms to date. The ease with which Thermus strains can be handled in laboratories without specialized equipment, together with the large investment in de scribing their structure, metabolism, and genetics, should ensure a con tinuing effort in Thermus research.
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The exponential increase in transistor density on computer chips, supporting Moore?s law now for four decades, poses new design challenges to engineers and computer scientists alike. New techniques for managing complexity must be developed if circuits are to take full advantage of the vast numbers of transistors available. This book investigates both the design of high-level languages for hardware description and techniques involved in translating these high-level languages to silicon. The author introduces the first-order functional language SAFL, designed specifically for behavioral hardware description, and describes the implementation of its associated silicon compiler. Finally, the SAFL language is extended with pi-calculus style channels and channel passing and primitives for structural-level circuit description. The semantics of these languages is formalized and results are presented arising from the generation of real hardware exploiting these techniques. This monograph is based on the author?s PhD work conducted at the Computer Laboratory of the University of Cambridge, UK, under the supervision of Dr. Alan Mycroft.