Roman Hinka – författare

Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject Politics - General and Theories of International Politics, grade: 1,0, European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder), course: Political and Economical Liberalism, language: English, abstract: The present paper deals with Friedrich August von Hayek, one of the prominent liberal thinkers of the twentieth century. He engaged himself actively in economy, political philosophy, psychology, and epistemology. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded Professor Hayek the Prize in Economic Science in Memory of Alfred Nobel for 1974 together with Professor Gunnar Myrdal ,for their pioneering work in the theory of money and economic fluctuations and for their penetrating analysis of the interdependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena,1. But his contribution does not limit only to economic. Hayek developed his seminal explanation of business cycle based on classical macroeconomic theories of Knuth Wicksell and Ludwig von Mises. Theirs ideas are briefly presented in the first part of Chapter I. Further it will be discussed the essence of the theory of business cycle in terms of production structure and capital employment. In particular, the model demonstrates that boom-bust cycles are caused not by mysterious defects inherent in industrial capitalism, but by the unfortunate inflationary bank credit expansion propelled by central banks. Next section presents Hayek,s ideas about the role of money in economy and intelligent monetary policy. The problem of price system in market economy, linking Hayeks economic and political articles and books is elaborated in section four of Chapter I. Critical remarks to his statements voiced by his adversaries and fellows are discussed directly in the main text. The rationale for such structure is to alleviate understanding of the subject. In the next chapter one gets on overview of The Road to Serfdom, the book by which Professor Hayek deserved popularity from both sides of Atlantic. It linked the statism of communism, social democracy, and fascism, and demonstrated that, just as people who are best suited for any given occupations will rise to the top in those pursuits, so under statism, "e;the worst"e; would inevitably rise to the top. The attention is paid to the critical issues like alleged advantages of central planning and market economy, the idea of a unity of liberal tradition, and Hayek,s view of post-war international order. The chapter includes statements from his debates with socialists. The paper refers heavily to Hayek,s works like Monetary Theory and Trade Cycle (1929), Prices and Production (1931), The Use of Knowledge in Society (1945), The Road to Serfdom (1944).

Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject Business economics - Controlling, grade: 2,0, European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder), language: English, abstract: The present paper purposes to highlight two most well known approaches to budgeting, specifically classical and zero-base budgeting. In last years there is much criticism blaming shortcomings of the both. However, such treatment seems to be biased without deep penetration in the nature of budgeting systems. The paper does not intend to summarise information about approaches to budgeting, but rather to explore system specific features that bring the shortcomings about. The paper is composed in the way not to contrast the approaches, that is to show the superiority of one of them, but to draw a profile of the approach with respect to selected criteria. The criteria, introduced in the first chapter, reflect major requirements to the budgeting systems from managerial point of view. They encompass integrity of budget allowances, adherence to strategy, impact on employees behaviour, flexibility and efficiency. Owing to scarce capacity the paper omits aspects specific to management and organization but still affecting the performance of the budgeting approaches. These are, for example, organization of planning process (bottom-up, top-down, etc), corporate culture, incentive structure, degree of activity formalization, management style, etc. The second and third chapter discuss instantaneously performance of classical and zero-base budgeting respectively. Analysis begins with brief description of most important features of the approaches and concentrates extensively on how respective approach meets the requirements. Finally, there will be discussed the most suitable type of production which makes up in part for disclosed shortcomings.