Roxanna Dehaghani – författare

This book provides a nuanced and timely contribution to the question of vulnerability in police custody. It addresses the implementation of the appropriate adult safeguard in respect of adult suspects and explores police decision-making in this context. Drawing on empirical research carried out in England, the work takes a socio-legal approach to examine how and why police custody officers implement or not the appropriate adult safeguard. The book’s core arguments are addressed within three parts. Part I examines how vulnerability is constructed philosophically and practically, firstly within the broader literature, thereafter at common law and in statute, and finally by police custody officers. Part 2 discusses how vulnerability is identified and how decisions are made in response to vulnerability. Part 3 critically assesses the theoretical understandings of police decision-making and criminal justice. Here it is argued that current theories on police decision-making hold explanatory power yet have significant shortcomings in relation to vulnerability and the appropriate adult safeguard. The book thus presents new theoretical insights and, on the basis of these insights, asserts that the current regime of regulation must be reconsidered, while police compliance may only be ensured if vulnerability is radically reconceptualised.

This book is concerned with the vulnerability of suspects and defendants in criminal proceedings and the extent to which the vulnerable accused can effectively participate in the criminal process. Commencing with an exploration of how vulnerability is defined and identified, the collection examines and analyses how vulnerability manifests and is addressed at the police station and in court, addressing both child and adult accused persons. Leading and emerging scholars, along with practitioners with experience working in the field, explore and unpack the human rights and procedural implications of suspect and defendant vulnerability and examine how their needs are supported or disregarded. Drawing upon different disciplinary approaches and a range of analyses – doctrinal, theoretical and empirical – this book offers unique insights into the vulnerability and treatment of the criminal accused. In bringing together a diverse range of perspectives, the book offers key insights into the recognition of and responses to vulnerability among suspect and defendant populations in criminal justice systems across European jurisdictions. The book will be a valuable resource for academics, practitioners and policymakers interested in how vulnerable suspects and defendants are protected throughout the criminal process, and those working in the areas of law, criminology, sociology, human rights and psychology.

This book is concerned with the vulnerability of suspects and defendants in criminal proceedings and the extent to which the vulnerable accused can effectively participate in the criminal process. Commencing with an exploration of how vulnerability is defined and identified, the collection examines and analyses how vulnerability manifests and is addressed at the police station and in court, addressing both child and adult accused persons. Leading and emerging scholars, along with practitioners with experience working in the field, explore and unpack the human rights and procedural implications of suspect and defendant vulnerability and examine how their needs are supported or disregarded. Drawing upon different disciplinary approaches and a range of analyses – doctrinal, theoretical and empirical – this book offers unique insights into the vulnerability and treatment of the criminal accused. In bringing together a diverse range of perspectives, the book offers key insights into the recognition of and responses to vulnerability among suspect and defendant populations in criminal justice systems across European jurisdictions. The book will be a valuable resource for academics, practitioners and policymakers interested in how vulnerable suspects and defendants are protected throughout the criminal process, and those working in the areas of law, criminology, sociology, human rights and psychology.

This book offers an original perspective on neurodivergence in the context of criminal justice. Neurodivergence collectively describes a range of neuro-developmental differences, and which primarily affect cognitive processes such as social communication, learning and memory, and sensory processing. The way in which criminal justice systems, processes and institutions engage with neurodivergent individuals is an emerging priority for policy makers, legal and clinical practitioners, and academics. The collection draws together a range of insights from multiple jurisdictions, spanning common and civil law traditions in various regions of the world. Edited by an international team of interdisciplinary experts in the field, the volume showcases a variety of scholarly perspectives in a range of legal contexts, shedding light on existing challenges for neurodivergent individuals, including suspects, defendants and victims of crime, as well as best practice in ensuring fair and effective justice processes. The book ultimately aims to identify common experiences, challenges and changes in this vital area which can be shared and built on by the next generation of international scholars and practitioners.

This book explores key topics in the area of neurodivergence and the criminal justice system (CJS) of England and Wales, encompassing a synopsis of up-to-date academic literature, key challenges in the area, and the practical implications for fair and effective justice processes.Neurodivergent individuals are more likely to encounter the CJS as victims and accused persons, in addition to being more likely to face barriers and adverse outcomes associated with CJS involvement. It is increasingly recognised that specifically adapted approaches are required to address this at all stages of the CJS, from policing through to prisons. This book explores and critically appraises existing scholarship and practices in this context, signposting areas for further research and policy development, and highlighting best practice approaches which have demonstrated potential in England and Wales. Whilst there are books that touch on neurodivergence generally, or specific forms of neurodivergence (e.g., autism or developmental language disorder) and the CJS, this will be the first to deal specifically with neurodivergence as a broader phenomenon in justice processes, providing a novel contribution to the field. Each chapter includes recommendations and tips for practice with a focus on pragmatic application for practitioners.This book will appeal to anyone working in the fields of neurodiversity or criminal justice, as well as those working therapeutically with offenders. It will also appeal to researchers, policy makers, and academic faculty.

This book explores key topics in the area of neurodivergence and the criminal justice system (CJS) of England and Wales, encompassing a synopsis of up-to-date academic literature, key challenges in the area, and the practical implications for fair and effective justice processes.Neurodivergent individuals are more likely to encounter the CJS as victims and accused persons, in addition to being more likely to face barriers and adverse outcomes associated with CJS involvement. It is increasingly recognised that specifically adapted approaches are required to address this at all stages of the CJS, from policing through to prisons. This book explores and critically appraises existing scholarship and practices in this context, signposting areas for further research and policy development, and highlighting best practice approaches which have demonstrated potential in England and Wales. Whilst there are books that touch on neurodivergence generally, or specific forms of neurodivergence (e.g., autism or developmental language disorder) and the CJS, this will be the first to deal specifically with neurodivergence as a broader phenomenon in justice processes, providing a novel contribution to the field. Each chapter includes recommendations and tips for practice with a focus on pragmatic application for practitioners.This book will appeal to anyone working in the fields of neurodiversity or criminal justice, as well as those working therapeutically with offenders. It will also appeal to researchers, policy makers, and academic faculty.

Interest in neurodivergence, particularly autism, and its impact on suspects and defendants in the criminal process has grown significantly in recent years, domestically and globally. A significant gap nevertheless remains in relation to (socio)-legal perspectives on the role and effectiveness of criminal defence lawyers for the Autistic accused. Drawing from diverse literature and original empirical insights, this book provides a timely and original contribution to the growing field by examining the theoretical, ethical, and practical dimensions of the relationship between criminal defence lawyers in England and Wales and their Autistic clients. It examines and critiques the effectiveness of criminal defence for the Autistic accused, articulating how lawyers have learnt about and conceptualise autism, the strategies that they employ when representing Autistic clients, and the practical limitations affecting their effectiveness. The book then explores the practical and conceptual possibilities that could secure an effective criminal defence for Autistic suspects and defendants, including through the philosophy of autism-centred criminal defence. This work will be essential reading for those researching and studying in the areas of (socio)-legal studies, disability and neurodivergence studies, criminal justice, criminology, and psychology. It should also be of interest to criminal justice and legal professionals who engage with Autistic and other neurodivergent people through their work.

This book provides a nuanced and timely contribution to the question of vulnerability in police custody. It addresses the implementation of the appropriate adult safeguard in respect of adult suspects and explores police decision-making in this context. Drawing on empirical research carried out in England, the work takes a socio-legal approach to examine how and why police custody officers implement or not the appropriate adult safeguard. The book’s core arguments are addressed within three parts. Part I examines how vulnerability is constructed philosophically and practically, firstly within the broader literature, thereafter at common law and in statute, and finally by police custody officers. Part 2 discusses how vulnerability is identified and how decisions are made in response to vulnerability. Part 3 critically assesses the theoretical understandings of police decision-making and criminal justice. Here it is argued that current theories on police decision-making hold explanatory power yet have significant shortcomings in relation to vulnerability and the appropriate adult safeguard. The book thus presents new theoretical insights and, on the basis of these insights, asserts that the current regime of regulation must be reconsidered, while police compliance may only be ensured if vulnerability is radically reconceptualised.

Austerity continues to impact the criminal justice process in England and Wales: police numbers are down, the Crown Prosecution Service is in disarray, legal aid has been reduced, courts are closing and magistrates are leaving.Research into the criminal process usually focuses on England, however this book offers a rare insight into South Wales. Drawing on first-hand accounts of lawyers, police, suspects, and the convicted and their families, it uncovers how these affected individuals navigate the challenges caused by austerity, what has changed and what can be done to improve the system. This book is a reliable and evocative account of the reality of criminal justice in Wales.