Rudolf Taschner – författare

Drawing primarily from historical examples, this book explains the tremendous role that numbers and, in particular, mathematics play in all aspects of our civilization and culture. The lively style and illustrative examples will engage the reader who wants to understand the many ways in which mathematics enables science, technology, art, music, politics, and rational foundations of human thought. Each chapter focuses on the influence of mathematics in a specific field and on a specific historical figure, such as "Pythagoras: Numbers and Symbol"; "Bach: Numbers and Music"; "Descartes: Numbers and Space."

In this lively history of game theory, a gifted math educator and science writer explains for lay readers the uses and value of this innovative yet easy-to-understand approach to mathematical modeling. Essentially, game theory interprets life as a game with mathematical rules. By following the rules, decisions can be calculated that result in the greatest benefit for all participants.The author takes the reader from the 17th century through the Cold War to today's age of turbo capitalism. Along the way he introduces such leading contributors as Blaise Pascal in the 17th century, who invented the theory of probability; Ludwig Wittgenstein in the 20th century, who conceived of the world as a play of words; John Nash (the subject of A Beautiful Mind) in the 1950s, who laid the foundation of modern game theory; and today's practitioners who apply the theory to global finance and military strategy.As the author shows, game theory is more than a type of cost-benefit analysis; ultimately, it is a quest for meaning.

"Few mathematical structures have undergone as many revlSlons or have been presented in as many guises as the real numbers. Every generation re-examines the reals in the light of its values and mathematical objectives." This citation is said to be due to Gian-Carlo Rota, and in this book its correctness again is affirmed. Here I propose to investigate the structure of the mathematical continuum by undertaking a rather unconventional access to the real numbers: the intuitionistic one. The traces can be tracked back at least to L.E.J. Brouwer and to H. Weyl. Largely unknown photographies of Weyl in Switzerland after World War II provided by Peter Bettschart enliven the abstract text full of subtle definitions and sophisticated estimations. The book can be read by students who have undertaken the usual analysis courses and want to know more about the intrinsic details of the underlying concepts, and it can also be used by university teachers in lectures for advanced undergraduates and inseminaries for graduate students. I wish to thank Walter Lummerding and Gottfried Oehl who helped me with their impressive expert knowledge of the English language. I also take the opportunity to express my gratitude to Ulrike Schmickler-Hirzebruch and to the staff of Vieweg-Verlag for editing my manuscript just now, exactly 50 years after the death of Hermann Weyl, in their renowned publishing house. Vienna, 2005 Rudolf Taschner Contents 1 Introduction and historical remarks 1 1.1 F AREY fractions. .

Based on lectures given by Professor Hlawka in Vienna and in Pasadena, the book covers diophantine approximation, uniform distribution of numbers modulo 1 and geometry of numbers, as well as analytic number theory. It also proves the irrationality of zeta (3) and presents the important method of A. and H. Lenstra for the decomposition of polynomials, neither available in any other textbook. Various proofs of the prime number theorem are described. This monograph on number theory, real analysis, algebra/algebraic number theory is intended for students and lecturers in the above fields.

Wie sehr Zahlen die vielfältigen Aspekte des Daseins durchdringen, ist wenig bekannt, und kaum jemand scheint bisher ermessen zu haben, wie unfassbar weit der Zahlen lange Schatten reichen. Das Buch spürt diesen Schatten nach und gelangt unversehens zu überraschenden Einsichten. Nicht was die Zahlen sind, wird hier erzählt, sondern was sie bedeuten.In der vorliegenden Neuauflage des Buches wurden zwei weitere Kapitel aufgenommen, die das weite Themenfeld ergänzen und abrunden: In ihnen wird erzählt, wie einerseits der eminenteste Philosoph des 20. Jahrhunderts darum rang, Sprache und Zahlen, Intuition und Regelwerk zueinander in Beziehung zu setzen, und wie es andererseits einem stillen französischen Gelehrten gelang, den Zahlen selbst ihre Geheimnisse zu entlocken. So treten zu den ursprünglichen acht Protagonisten Bach, Bohr, Descartes, Hofmannsthal, Laplace, Leibniz, Pascal, Pythagoras noch Fermat und Wittgenstein als neunter und zehnter hinzu, wodurch das Buch einen guten Abschluss erfährt, da nach Pythagoras die Zahl zehn jene der Vollkommenheit ist.

Und sie führt zu spektakulären Einsichten über Stetigkeit und gleichmäßige Stetigkeit, über gleichmäßige Konvergenz und über die Vertauschung von Limes und Integral, die der konventionellen Mathematik gänzlich verwehrt sind.