Transplantationskirurgi

The Seventh Edition of the classic Handbook of Kidney Transplantation, edited by Dr. Gabriel M. Danovitch, offers a concise, readable, practical, and well-illustrated guide to this complex field. Ideal for all those caring for patients with advanced kidney disease and every member of the kidney transplant team from trainees to senior staff. The text has been thoroughly updated and revised and addresses the major concerns surrounding renal transplantation and the most successful current approaches to problems arising in short-term and long-term patient care. Puts kidney transplantation in the context of the options available for patients with advanced kidney disease Provides critical basic knowledge of transplant immunobiology and histocompatibility Outlines the process of both deceased and living organ donation and allocation of organs Provides a holistic view of kidney transplantation, covering not only medical and surgical aspects but also psychiatrics psychosocial, ethical and legal issues, Describes the evaluation of transplant candidates and their short and long-term post-transplant care Contains updated sections on current immunosuppressive medications and protocols and a new chapter describing drugs and protocols in development.

With all the complex issues of acceptance or rejection of a transplanted organ, immunology is a key subject for all transplantation clinicians. During recent years, there has been an explosion of research and knowledge in this area.Produced in association with the American Society of Transplantation, and written by experts within the field, Transplant Immunology provides a comprehensive overview of the topic in relation to clinical transplantation.Starting with the basic functionality of the immune system, it then moves on to cover the very latest developments in immunosuppressive drugs and protocols, as well as a look at all emerging technologies in the field.Key chapters include: Transplant-related complicationsImmune responses to transplantsEmerging issues in transplantationBiomarkers of Allograft rejection and toleranceT cells and the principles of immune responsesIn full colour throughout, over 100 outstanding diagrams support the text, all figures being fully downloadable via the book's companion website. The result is an essential tool for all those responsible for managing patients awaiting and undergoing organ transplantation, including transplant surgeons and clinicians, immunologists and researchers.

Given the tensions and demands of medicine, highly successful physicians and surgeons rarely achieve equal success as prose writers. It is truly extraordinary that a major, international pioneer in the controversial field of transplant surgery should have written a spellbinding, and heart-wrenching, autobiography.Thomas Starzl grew up in LeMars, Iowa, the son of a newspaper publisher and a nurse. His father also wrote science fiction and was acquainted with the writer Ray Bradbury. Starzl left the family business to enter Northwestern University Medical School where he earned both and M.D. and a PhD. While he was a student, and later during his surgical internship at the Johns Hopkins Hospital, he began the series of animal experiments that led eventually to the world\u2019s first transplantation of the human liver in 1963.Throughout his career, first at the University of Colorado and then at the University of Pittsburgh, he has aroused both worldwide admiration and controversy. His technical innovations and medical genius have revolutionized the field, but Starzl has not hesitated to address the moral and ethical issues raised by transplantation. In this book he clearly states his position on many hotly debated issues including brain death, randomized trials for experimental drugs, the costs of transplant operations, and the system for selecting organ recipients from among scores of desperately ill patients.There are many heroes in the story of transplantation, and many \u201cpuzzle people,\u201d the patients who, as one journalist suggested, might one day be made entirely of various transplanted parts. They are old and young, obscure and world famous. Some have been taken into the hearts of America, like Stormie Jones, the brave and beautiful child from Texas. Every patient who receives someone else\u2019s organ - and Starzl remembers each one - is a puzzle. \u201cIt was not just the acquisition of a new part,\u201d he writes. \u201cThe rest of the body had to change in many ways before the gift could be accepted. It was necessary for the mind to see the world in a different way.\u201d The surgeons and physicians who pioneered transplantation were also changed: they too became puzzle people. \u201cSome were corroded or destroyed by the experience, some were sublimated, and none remained the same.\u201d

‘Gripping … so powerfully emotional that at times I had to put it down to wipe my eyes’Mail on Sunday‘How do you say thank you to someone for giving you their heart? It is the greatest gift a person can ever give.’Marc is a promising young footballers of 15, growing up in Scotland. A few hundred miles away in England, Martin is a fun-loving 16-year-old. Both are enjoying their summers when they are suddenly struck down by debilitating illnesses. Within days, the boys are close to death.Although their paths have never crossed, their fortunes are about to be bound in the most extraordinary, intimate way. One of them will die and in doing so, he will save the other’s life.This is a deeply powerful and dramatic story. It is extremely rare for the family of a donor to have any personal contact with the recipient of their loved one’s organ. Yet remarkably, the mothers of these two boys meet and become friends, enabling the extraordinary, bittersweet moment in which a mother who has lost her son meets the boy he saved. Reaching out and placing her palm flat against his chest, she feels the heart of her son beating away inside another. Her boy, the boy who gave his heart away.

‘Gripping … so powerfully emotional that at times I had to put it down to wipe my eyes’Mail on Sunday‘How do you say thank you to someone for giving you their heart? It is the greatest gift a person can ever give.’Marc is a promising young footballers of 15, growing up in Scotland. A few hundred miles away in England, Martin is a fun-loving 16-year-old. Both are enjoying their summers when they are suddenly struck down by debilitating illnesses. Within days, the boys are close to death.Although their paths have never crossed, their fortunes are about to be bound in the most extraordinary, intimate way. One of them will die and in doing so, he will save the other’s life.This is a deeply powerful and dramatic story. It is extremely rare for the family of a donor to have any personal contact with the recipient of their loved one’s organ. Yet remarkably, the mothers of these two boys meet and become friends, enabling the extraordinary, bittersweet moment in which a mother who has lost her son meets the boy he saved. Reaching out and placing her palm flat against his chest, she feels the heart of her son beating away inside another. Her boy, the boy who gave his heart away.

‘Gripping … so powerfully emotional that at times I had to put it down to wipe my eyes’Mail on Sunday‘How do you say thank you to someone for giving you their heart? It is the greatest gift a person can ever give.’Marc is a promising young footballers of 15, growing up in Scotland. A few hundred miles away in England, Martin is a fun-loving 16-year-old. Both are enjoying their summers when they are suddenly struck down by debilitating illnesses. Within days, the boys are close to death.Although their paths have never crossed, their fortunes are about to be bound in the most extraordinary, intimate way. One of them will die and in doing so, he will save the other’s life.This is a deeply powerful and dramatic story. It is extremely rare for the family of a donor to have any personal contact with the recipient of their loved one’s organ. Yet remarkably, the mothers of these two boys meet and become friends, enabling the extraordinary, bittersweet moment in which a mother who has lost her son meets the boy he saved. Reaching out and placing her palm flat against his chest, she feels the heart of her son beating away inside another. Her boy, the boy who gave his heart away.

The author of the New York Times bestseller Broken Open returns with a visceral and profound memoir of two sisters who, in the face of a bone marrow transplant-one the donor and one the recipient-begin a quest for acceptance, authenticity, and most of all, love. A mesmerizing and courageous memoir: the story of two sisters uncovering the depth of their love through the life-and-death experience of a bone marrow transplant. Throughout her life, Elizabeth Lesser has sought understanding about what it means to be true to oneself and, at the same time, truly connected to the ones we love. But when her sister Maggie needs a bone marrow transplant to save her life, and Lesser learns that she is the perfect match, she faces a far more immediate and complex question about what it really means to love-honestly, generously, and authentically. Hoping to give Maggie the best chance possible for a successful transplant, the sisters dig deep into the marrow of their relationship to clear a path to unconditional acceptance.They leave the bone marrow transplant up to the doctors, but take on what Lesser calls a "soul marrow transplant," examining their family history, having difficult conversations, examining old assumptions, and offering forgiveness until all that is left is love for each other's true selves. Their process-before, during, and after the transplant-encourages them to take risks of authenticity in other aspects their lives. But life does not follow the storylines we plan for it. Maggie's body is ultimately too weak to fight the relentless illness. As she and Lesser prepare for the inevitable, they grow ever closer as their shared blood cells become a symbol of the enduring bond they share. Told with suspense and humor, Marrow is joyous and heartbreaking, incandescent and profound. The story reveals how even our most difficult experiences can offer unexpected spiritual growth. Reflecting on the multifaceted nature of love-love of other, love of self, love of the world-Marrow is an unflinching and beautiful memoir about getting to the very center of ourselves.

A transplant surgeon''s "visceral tale of hearts and bones, surgical bravura, and the ''web of transplantation'' that binds people who might never meet" (Nature).At the University of Wisconsin, Dr. Joshua Mezrich creates life from loss, transplanting organs from one body to another. In this intimate, profoundly moving work, he illuminates the extraordinary field of transplantation that enables this kind of miracle to happen every day. Mezrich examines more than a hundred years of remarkable medical breakthroughs, connecting this history with the inspiring and heartbreaking stories of his transplant patients. He introduces the maverick surgeons who made transplantation a reality. And he takes us inside the operating room and unlocks the wondrous process of transplant surgery, a delicate, intense ballet requiring precise timing, breathtaking skill, and at times, creative improvisation.When Death Becomes Life also engages in fascinating ethical and philosophical debates: How much risk should a healthy person be allowed to take to save someone she loves? Should a patient suffering from alcoholism receive a healthy liver? What defines death, and what role did organ transplantation play in that definition? The human story behind the most exceptional medicine of our time, Mezrich''s riveting book is a poignant reminder that a life lost can also offer the hope of a new beginning."Outstanding … . . . Medical memoirs have become a significant genre over the past two decades, and this one ranks near the top, in a class that includes the best." — Kirkus Reviews (starred review)"Braids unflinching medical history with frank clinical memoir. . . . there are no demigods in the world of transplant, just especially ambitious and unqueasy humans." — Wall Street Journal"A clear and compelling account of the grueling daily work, the spellbinding history and the unsettling ethical issues that haunt this miraculous lifesaving treatment. Mezrich''s compassionate and honest voice, punctuated by a sharp and intelligent wit, render the enormous subject not just palatable but downright engrossing." —Pauline Chen, author of Final Exam: A Surgeon''s Reflections on Mortality"Fascinating . . .Mezrich weaves in the history, ethics, and technical grit of how doctors and patients navigate this miraculous second chance at life." — Danielle Ofri, M.D., Ph.D., author of What Patients Say, What Doctors Hear

Over the past decade, there has been rapid growth in bioengineering applications in the field of spine implants. Spine Technology Handbook explains the technical foundation for understanding and expanding the field of spine implants, reviews the major established technologies related to spine implants, and provides reference material for developing and commercializing new spine implants. The editors, who have a track record of collaboration and editing technical books, provide a unified approach to this topic in the most comprehensive and useful book to date. Related website provides the latest information on spine technology including articles and research papers on the latest technology and development Major technologies reviewed include devices used for fusion (screws, plates, rods, and cages), disc repair and augmentation, total disc replacement, and vertebral body repair and augmentation Technology landscape, review of published/public domain data currently available, and safety and efficacy of technology discussed in detail

There have been tremendous strides in cellular transplantation in recent years, leading to accepted practice for the treatment of certain diseases, and use for many others in trial phases. The long history of cellular transplantation, or the transfer of cells from one organism or region of the body to another, has been revolutionized by advances in stem cell research, as well as developments in gene therapy.

Cellular Transplants: From Lab to Clinic provides a thorough foundation of the basic science underpinning this exciting field, expert overviews of the state-of-the-art, and detailed description of clinical success stories to date, as well as insights into the road ahead. As highlighted by this timely and authoritative survey, scale-up technologies and whole organ transplantation are among the hurdles representing the next frontier.

The contents are organized into four main sections, with the first covering basic biology, including transplant immunology, the use of immunosuppressive drugs, stem cell biology, and the development of donor animals for transplantation. The next part looks at peripheral and reconstructive applications, followed by a section devoted to transplantation for diseases of the central nervous system. The last part presents efforts to address the key challenges ahead, such as identifying novel transplantable cells and integrating biomaterials and nanotechnology with cell matrices.

Provides detailed description of clinical trials in cell transplantation Review of current therapeutic approaches Coverage of the broad range of diseases addressed by cell therapeutics Discussion of stem cell biology and its role in transplantation

Virtually any disease that results from malfunctioning, damaged, or failing tissues may be potentially cured through regenerative medicine therapies, by either regenerating the damaged tissues in vivo, or by growing the tissues and organs in vitro and implanting them into the patient. Principles of Regenerative Medicine discusses the latest advances in technology and medicine for replacing tissues and organs damaged by disease and of developing therapies for previously untreatable conditions, such as diabetes, heart disease, liver disease, and renal failure.- Key for all researchers and instituions in Stem Cell Biology, Bioengineering, and Developmental Biology- The first of its kind to offer an advanced understanding of the latest technologies in regenerative medicine- New discoveries from leading researchers on restoration of diseased tissues and organs

Regenerative Medicine Applications in Organ Transplantation illustrates exactly how these two fields are coming together and can benefit one another. It discusses technologies being developed, methods being implemented, and which of these are the most promising. The text encompasses tissue engineering, biomaterial sciences, stem cell biology, and developmental biology, all from a transplant perspective. Organ systems considered include liver, renal, intestinal, pancreatic, and more. Leaders from both fields have contributed chapters, clearly illustrating that regenerative medicine and solid organ transplantation speak the same language and that both aim for similar medical outcomes. The overall theme of the book is to provide insight into the synergy between organ transplantation and regenerative medicine.Recent groundbreaking achievements in regenerative medicine have received unprecedented coverage by the media, fueling interest and enthusiasm in transplant clinicians and researchers. Regenerative medicine is changing the premise of solid organ transplantation, requiring transplantation investigators to become familiar with regenerative medicine investigations that can be extremely relevant to their work. Similarly, regenerative medicine investigators need to be aware of the needs of the transplant field to bring these two fields together for greater results.- Bridges the gap between regenerative medicine and solid organ transplantation and highlights reasons for collaboration- Explains the importance and future potential of regenerative medicine to the transplant community- Illustrates to regenerative medicine investigators the needs of the transplant discipline to drive and guide investigations in the most promising directions

Regenerative Medicine Applications in Organ Transplantation illustrates exactly how these two fields are coming together and can benefit one another. It discusses technologies being developed, methods being implemented, and which of these are the most promising. The text encompasses tissue engineering, biomaterial sciences, stem cell biology, and developmental biology, all from a transplant perspective. Organ systems considered include liver, renal, intestinal, pancreatic, and more. Leaders from both fields have contributed chapters, clearly illustrating that regenerative medicine and solid organ transplantation speak the same language and that both aim for similar medical outcomes. The overall theme of the book is to provide insight into the synergy between organ transplantation and regenerative medicine.

Recent groundbreaking achievements in regenerative medicine have received unprecedented coverage by the media, fueling interest and enthusiasm in transplant clinicians and researchers. Regenerative medicine is changing the premise of solid organ transplantation, requiring transplantation investigators to become familiar with regenerative medicine investigations that can be extremely relevant to their work. Similarly, regenerative medicine investigators need to be aware of the needs of the transplant field to bring these two fields together for greater results.

Bridges the gap between regenerative medicine and solid organ transplantation and highlights reasons for collaboration Explains the importance and future potential of regenerative medicine to the transplant community Illustrates to regenerative medicine investigators the needs of the transplant discipline to drive and guide investigations in the most promising directions

Personalized Immunosuppression in Transplantation: Role of Biomarker Monitoring and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring provides coverage of the various approaches to monitoring immunosuppressants in transplant patients, including the most recently developed biomarker monitoring methods, pharmacogenomics approaches, and traditional therapeutic drug monitoring.

The book is written for pathologists, toxicologists, and transplant surgeons who are involved in the management of transplant patients, offering them in-depth coverage of the management of immunosuppressant therapy in transplant patients with the goal of maximum benefit from drug therapy and minimal risk of drug toxicity.

This book also provides practical guidelines for managing immunosuppressant therapy, including the therapeutic ranges of various immunosuppressants, the pitfalls of methodologies used for determination of these immunosuppressants in whole blood or plasma, appropriate pharmacogenomics testing for organ transplant recipients, and when biomarker monitoring could be helpful.

Focuses on the personalized management of immunosuppression therapy in individual transplant patients Presents information that applies to many areas, including gmass spectrometry, assay design, assay validation, clinical chemistry, and clinical pathology Provides practical guidelines for the initial selection and subsequent modifications of immunosuppression therapy in individual transplant patients Reviews the latest research in biomarker monitoring in personalizing immunosuppressant therapy, including potential new markers not currently used, but with great potential for future use Explains how monitoring graft-derived, circulating, cell free DNA has shown promise in the early detection of transplant injury in liquid biopsy

Mathematical Approaches to Liver Transplantation provides mathematical approaches to the optimization of liver graft distribution. Through mathematical and computational methods, several aspects related to organ allocation are tackled, with possible solutions presented. The book discusses topics such as patient selection for liver transplantation, transplantation procedures, dynamics of organs waiting list, improvement on grafts allocation, live donors and MELD scale. The content focuses on liver transplantation, however the mathematical approaches presented can be successfully replicated to different organs. This book is a valuable source for mathematical biologists, bioinformaticians, and several members of biomedical field who are involved in decision-making related to organs transplantation.

Provides a mathematical approach to the optimization of liver grafts distribution Presents mathematical and computational methods for several aspects relating to organ allocations and discusses possible solutions Encompasses optimization models for the best organ distribution strategy to support decision-makers that are responsible for liver and other organ transplantation policies

Regenerative Hepatology and Liver Transplantation is the second volume in the Regenerative and Transplant Medicine series. This volume is essential as no field in the biomedical sciences has more interest than organ transplantation regarding regenerative medicine, primarily because of the urgent need to improve transplant outcomes and increase transplantation rates is critical to treat the many patients suffering from liver disease.The goal of this book is to bridge regenerative hepatology and transplant medicine, by illustrating the state of the art of clinical liver transplantation, as well as of the progress of regenerative medicine (RM) investigations aiming at the bioengineering, regeneration, and repair of the liver.This volume is necessary and would be placed well in the current global trend toward increasing organ donation utilizing such cutting-edge technologies. Written by the world’s experts in the field of liver diseases, it is a perfect reference for transplant operators, researchers, regenerative medicine operators, tissue engineering operators, biotech operators, and those in academia, industry, and regulatory agencies working to advance the field.Second volume in the Regenerative and Transplant Medicine series, focusing on the liverCovers the liver and diseases, transplantation, cell transplantation, liver preservation and machine perfusion, and liver bioengineeringBuilds on previous works and demonstrates how regenerative and transplant medicine work together to provide an increased ability to improve health care outcomes for individuals

Biomarkers in Kidney Transplantation: Clinical Aspects and Laboratory Determination provides a focused study on traditional and emerging biomarkers to predict early rejection of kidney transplants supporting appropriate therapeutic interventions. Coverage includes predictive and diagnostic biomarkers for different types of rejections, including biomarkers of acute, chronic/sub chronic rejection or clinical rejection, T-cell mediated rejection, antibody mediated rejection and mixed rejection. Comparisons are provided for broad classification of pharmacokinetic versus pharmacodynamic biomarkers, and differentiation is shown between the susceptibility, diagnostic, predictive, prognostic and monitoring biomarkers.Coverage of the analytical aspects of biomarker measurement, the process of biomarker discovery and their clinical validation addresses both the clinical features of biomarkers as well as the pitfalls of determining such biomarkers in clinical laboratories. By combining all current markers known for kidney transplant in one collection, this easy-to-use reference is perfect for pathologists, clinical pharmacologists, clinical laboratory scientists and all physicians involved in organ transplantation, including immunologists and transplant surgeons.

Includes comprehensive coverage on all available biomarkers to predict organ rejectionProvides guidance on how to interpret test results of all available biomarkersCovers possible sources of errors in measuring biomarkers to eliminate issues of interference

This book analyses the impact of organ transplantation. It also presents new, original analyses of data, and assesses medical practices, social and economic observations, and other information on: access to transplantation services for low-income populations and racial and ethnic minority groups; organ donation rates; waiting times for transplantation; patient survival rates and organ failure rates leading to retransplantation; and cost of organ transplantation services. It includes chapters on the possibilities of expanding the pool of available cadaver organs. It also analyzes the results of transplantation of cadaver organs from older donors and marginal, non-heart beating donors. Transplantation policies based on the offering of organs by living donors are also described, as is the impact of delayed graft function on organ allocation.

The plight of a patient waiting months, sometimes years, for an organ transplant is one of the most heart-wrenching predicaments confronting medicine today. But the current critical shortage of human donor organs has had one positive consequence: it has stimulated promising new research into the field of xenotransplantation--the transplantation of organs from one animal species to another. In Xeno: The Promise of Transplanting Animal Organs Into Humans, David Cooper and Robert Lanza explore what may become one of the greatest medical advances of the 21st century. As scientists genetically engineer animal organs to evade the problems of rejection, we can expect a tremendous increase in xenotransplantation. This book recounts the several historical attempts to transplant animal organs into humans, and draws attention to the immense potential and promise of this form of therapy. The problems which remain, and recent breakthroughs in overcoming rejection and in "humanizing" pig organs for transplantation, are fully discussed. The authors also provide a fascinating consideration of the social and ethical questions posed by such procedures. Which patients should be the first to be offered this new form of therapy? Will transplanted animal organs transfer infectious viruses to the human recipient, and will they then be passed on to the community at large? Can society afford the major increase in healthcare expenditure that will result from our ability to provide a limitless number of donor organs? With profound implications for human health and longevity in the next millennium, Xeno is essential reading for anyone interested in the future of medicine.

Perhaps no medical breakthrough in the twentieth century is more spectacular, more hope-giving, or more fraught with ethical questions than organ transplantation. Each year some 25,000 Americans are pulled back from the brink of death by receiving vital new organs. Another 5,000 die while waiting for them. And what distinguishes these two groups has become the source of one of our thorniest ethical questions. In Raising the Dead, Ronald Munson offers a vivid, often wrenchingly dramatic account of how transplants are performed, how we decide who receives them, and how we engage the entire range of tough issues that arise because of them. Each chapter begins with a detailed account of a specific case--Mickey Mantle''s controversial liver transplant, for example--followed by careful analysis of its surrounding ethical questions (the charges that Mantle received special treatment because he was a celebrity, the larger problems involving how organs are allocated, and whether alcoholics should have an equal claim on donor livers). In approaching transplant ethics through specific cases, Munson reminds us of the complex personal and emotional dimension that underlies such issues. The book also ranges beyond our present capabilities to explore the future possibilities in xenotransplantation (transplanting animal organs into humans) and stem cell technology that would allow doctors to grow new organs from the patient''s own cells. Based on extensive scientific research, but written with a novelist''s eye for the human condition, Raising the Dead shows readers the reality of organ transplantation now, the possibility of what it may become, and how we might respond to the ethical challenges it forces us to confront.

Organ transplantation is one of the most dramatic interventions in modern medicine. Since the 1950s thousands of people have lived with ''new'' hearts, kidneys, lungs, corneas, and other organs and tissues transplanted into their bodies. From the beginning, though, there was simply a problem: surgeons often encountered shortages of people willing and able to give their organs and tissues. To overcome this problem, they often brokered financial arrangements. Yet an ethic of gift exchange coexisted with the ''commodification of the body''. The same duality characterized the field of blood transfusion, which was essential to the development of modern surgery. This book will be the first to bring together the histories of blood transfusion and organ transplantation. It will show how these two fields redrew the lines between self and non-self, the living and the dead, and humans and animals. Drawing on newspapers, magazines, legal cases, films and the papers and correspondence of physicians and surgeons, Lederer will challenge the assumptions of some bioethicists and policymakers that popular fears about organ transplantation necessarily reflect timeless human concerns and preoccupations with the body. She will show how notions of the body- intact, in parts, living and dead- are shaped by the particular culture in which they are embedded.

In the late 1980s, a promising new treatment for breast cancer emerged: high-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation or HDC/ABMT. By the 1990s, it had burst upon the oncology scene and disseminated rapidly before having been carefully evaluated. By the time published studies showed that the procedure was ineffective, more than 30,000 women had received the treatment, shortening their lives and adding to their suffering. This book tells of the rise and demise of HDC/ABMT for metastatic and early stage breast cancer, and fully explores the story''s implications, which go well beyond the immediate procedure, and beyond breast cancer, to how we in the United States evaluate other medical procedures, especially life-saving ones. It details how the factors that drove clinical use--patient demand, physician enthusiasm, media reporting, litigation, economic exploitation, and legislative and administrative mandates--converged to propel the procedure forward despite a lack of proven clinical effectiveness. It also analyzes the limited effect of technology assessments before randomized clinical trials evaluated decisively the procedure and the ramifications of this system on healthcare today. Sections of the book consider the initial conditions surrounding the emergence of the new breast cancer treatment, the drivers of clinical use, and the struggle for evidence-based medicine. A concluding section considers the significance of the story for our healthcare system.

Saving lives through organ transplantation has become increasingly possible thanks to advances in research and care. Today, the complex field of transplantation continues to develop rapidly, fuelled by demographic change and further evolutions in scientific understanding. The Oxford Textbook of Transplant Anaesthesia and Critical Care has been written and edited by pioneers in the field of organ transplantation with an international team of authors, in order to equip anaesthetists and intensivists with the knowledge and training necessary to provide high quality and evidence-based care. The text addresses fundamentals aspects of scientific knowledge, care of the donor patient, transplant ethics and special considerations. Dedicated sections address each of the major organs; kidney, pancreas, liver, heart and lung, intestinal and multivisceral. Within each organ-based section, expert authors explore underlying disease, planning for transplantation, specialized procedures, perioperative and critical care management as well as post-transplant considerations. Focus points for future developments in transplant immunology are also set out, inspiring current practitioners to engage with current clinical research and help participate in the further advancement of the science of transplantation. The print edition of the Oxford Textbook of Transplant Anaesthesia and Critical Care comes with a year''s access to the online version on Oxford Medicine Online. By activating your unique access code, you can read and annotate the full text online, follow links from the references to primary research materials, and view, enlarge and download all the figures and tables.

Organ Preserving Approaches in the Treatment of Rectal Cancer brings together the medical and surgical management of patients, by exploring organ preservation's history and evolution, the diagnostic techniques involved in identifying patients that have a good response to therapy, and the various techniques for enhancing complete responses to neoadjuvant therapies. The book examines different methods for treating patients using an organ preservation approach, including "e;watch and wait"e; and local excision techniques, alongside discussions on quality of life, future developments, and methods for stratifying patients into this approach.Leading experts from across the world offer insights into the management of rectal cancer beyond the standard surgical framework. They advocate for avoiding surgery when practical, including employing patient observation and monitoring when no cancer is detected following chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Oncologists, surgeons, and academics in the field will gain practical guidance on how to identify these patients, manage follow-up care, and what to do if this approach is unsuccessful.

Organ Preserving Approaches in the Treatment of Rectal Cancer brings together the medical and surgical management of patients, by exploring organ preservation's history and evolution, the diagnostic techniques involved in identifying patients that have a good response to therapy, and the various techniques for enhancing complete responses to neoadjuvant therapies. The book examines different methods for treating patients using an organ preservation approach, including "e;watch and wait"e; and local excision techniques, alongside discussions on quality of life, future developments, and methods for stratifying patients into this approach.Leading experts from across the world offer insights into the management of rectal cancer beyond the standard surgical framework. They advocate for avoiding surgery when practical, including employing patient observation and monitoring when no cancer is detected following chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Oncologists, surgeons, and academics in the field will gain practical guidance on how to identify these patients, manage follow-up care, and what to do if this approach is unsuccessful.

This book provides a comprehensive review of ethical issues in clinical nephrology. With the advent of dialysis and kidney transplantation midway through the 20 Century, clinical nephrology was one of the first areas of medicine to deal with complex ethical issues such as rationing of health care and discontinuation of life-sustaining therapy. In the first section of the book this historical perspective is reviewed, followed by a consideration of legal issues. Specific ethical issues in nephrology are discussed in detail in the next section. These include problems in the allocation of chronic dialysis and in termination of that treatment. Also reviewed are issues in kidney transplantation, such as proposals for enhanced acquisition of kidneys, including a number of controversial proposals such as payment to donors and xenotransplantation; and equity in allocation of the supply of kidneys. Other chapters consider ethical issues in genetics; special problems in the care of children with kidney disease; and broad societal issues such as allocation of national resources for expensive therapies and economic issues in clinical practice. In the final part of the book ethical issues in the care of patients with kidney disease are discussed from an Asian and African perspective.

Spare Parts centres on the developments that have occurred in the field of organ transplantation during the 1980s and early 1990s, and on the rise and fall of the Jarvik-7 artificial heart in that period. It is vividly written in a narrative ethnographic style. The interconnected stories of organ transplantation and the artificial heart are recounted in an interpretive framework that attributes their most enduring significance to the triple themes of uncertainty, gift exchange, and the allocation of scarce material and non-material resources, and to the way that they open questions of life and death, identity and solidarity.

The majority of patients in need of organ transplants do not survive long enough for a suitable human organ to become available. Xenotransplantation, the transplant of animal organs into humans, has attracted substantial media attention. If, as appears likely, it proves possible to "humanize" animal organs and evade the problems of rejection, in the coming few years there will be a tremendous increase in this procedure, mostly using organs from animals specifically for their harvestable organs. This book will lay out the potential and promise of the technique, the history of organ transplantation, the technical problems and breakthroughs in overcoming immune rejection, and typing and humanizing donor organs for transplantation. The ethical question of growing animals specifically for organ harvest, and the substantial public health concern from the certainty that animal viruses will pass into humans with the donated organs, will be fully discussed. The authors are among the leaders in the field of Xenotransplantation.