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Urban ethnography about gender change Madrid in the 1990s was a lively place. This book presents ethnographic examples and analyses of the way gender meanings were changing. The context is middle class; comparisons are made with an earlier work in a working class area of Valencia. The theoretical focus is on processes of cultural change, using mainly speech in natural situations as the empirical base since talking is one form of doing. The historical and social background is also described. Madrilenian conversations were full of examples from all walks of life and personal situations. The historical moment was one of change from an authoritarian society to a more democratic one. These larger circumstances were often symbolized in terms of gender issues. A common idea in Madrilenian discussions was that women should be or become persons. This use of the concept "person" has little to do with individualism or psychology. It was rather an everyday way of expressing opposition to essentialized and hierarchical categorizations. The phrase meant that a "person" is an active human being who refuses to be categorized by others, whereas a "woman" must look and behave so that her gender is clearly contrasted to that of a "man". And this, it was thought, places women at a disadvantage. But there were also those who thought that a woman can only be a person if she is a "woman" first.

This book examines the post-Cold War challenges facing Antarctic governance. It seeks to understand the interests of new players in Antarctic affairs such as China, India, Korea and Malaysia, and how other key players such as Russia and the USA or claimant states such as New Zealand or France are coping in the new global order. Antarctica is the world's fifth largest continent and its territories are claimed by seven different states. Since 1961 Antarctica has been managed under the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS), a regime which, according to its critics, by the terms of its membership effectively excludes most of the nations of the world. This book examines the post-Cold War challenges facing Antarctic governance, and is organized thematically into three sections: Part 1 considers the role of Antarctic politics in the current post-Cold War, post-colonial era and the impact this new political environment is having on the ATS. Part 2 looks at the competing foreign policy objectives of a representative range of countries with Antarctic activities. Part 3 examines issues that have the potential to destabilise the order of the Antarctic Treaty System, such as unrestricted tourism and new advances in science and technology.The Emerging Politics of Antarctica will be of interest to students and scholars of international politics, polar studies and foreign policy studies.