National Association of Broadcasters Engineering Handbook

Garrison C. Cavell has, over a 40-year career, been on the air, worked in radio and television station engineering management, was a radio station General Manager, a radio station owner, and a serial entrepreneur. His latest and most enduring venture was to found the firm that is now Cavell Mertz & Associates, Inc. where he remains a principal. He has a love for working with RF systems, and AM antenna arrays in particular. He has designed, built and certified countless station antenna systems over the years.Tom Osenkowsky began his career broadcasting as a news reporter while attending high school. He attended Central Connecticut State College and worked as a Final Quality Assurance Technician for Automation Industries in Danbury, CT. Tom is a Senior Member of the IEEE, iNARTE, and SBE. He holds Certified Professional Broadcast Engineer life certification from the SBE and a Master Engineer with RF Radiating Endorsement from iNARTE. Tom has held positions at various radio stations as announcer, Chief Engineer, Operations Manager and General Manager. He has served as an engineering consultant in the United States and Caribbean Islands, written engineering themed computer programs and made presentations at the IEEE Broadcast Technology Society (BTS) annual meeting, Broadcast Engineering Conference at the NAB Annual Convention and SBE Annual Convention. David Layer is senior director, advanced engineering in NAB's Technology department. David has been with NAB since 1995 and has been very active in the radio technology and standards setting area. He is the primary NAB staff person on NAB’s radio technology committee and the National Radio Systems Committee (NRSC). Outside of NAB, David is a senior member of the IEEE and is active in the IEEE Broadcast Technology Society (BTS), where he serves on the administrative committee, is a distinguished lecturer, and has been the chair or co-chair of numerous annual IEEE Broadcast Symposia (most recently in 2016). David is an associate member of the Association of Federal Communications Consulting Engineers (AFCCE). He was the recipient of Radio World’s 2015 Excellence in Engineering Award and was recognized by Radio Ink Magazine in November 2010 as among the top ten best engineers in radio.Skip Pizzi is Senior Director, New Media Technologies at the NAB. His career includes earlier work as an engineer and technical trainer at NPR, as an Editor at Broadcast Engineering magazine, and as an Audio Engineering Manager, Director of Media Standards, and Senior Technical Policy Analyst at Microsoft. He has been a regular columnist for several technical trade publications, and has authored or contributed to several books – the latest of which is A Broadcast Engineering Tutorial for Non-Engineers (4th edition), published by Focal Press, which Skip co-authored with Graham Jones. Skip currently serves as Vice-Chair of ATSC’s Technology Group 3 (TG3), which is developing standards for next-generation digital television. He is a graduate of Georgetown University, where he studied International Economics, Electrical Engineering and Fine Arts. William Hayes has worked in broadcasting since 1973 in both radio and television. He planned and constructed multiple full power television stations and has extensive experience in planning, design and the construction of all facets of a television station. He is currently responsible for the planning and development of all technology projects at Iowa Public Television including RF transmission facilities, and studio origination facilities throughout the State of Iowa. Bill is an active member of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, the Society of Broadcast Engineers, and the Society of Cable Television Engineers

• 1.1 The Electromagnetic Spectrum- John Norgard and Gregory L. Best1.2 Fundamentals of Broadcast Coverage- Doug Vernier1.3 Distance and Bearing Calculations- Dane E. Ericksen2.1 Broadcast-Related Organizations and Information- Loren White2.2 Broadcast-Related Regulatory Considerations: Environmental, Aeronautical, Safety, Online- David Oxenford2.3 Frequency Coordination for Broadcast Auxiliary Services- Dane E. Ericksen2.4 Frequency Allocation for Broadcasting and the Broadcast Auxiliary Services- William R. Meintel2.5 Analog and Digital Terrestrial Radio Standards- Stanley Salek and Lawrie Hallett2.6 HF Shortwave Radio: Allocation, Design Methods, and Regulation- James E. O'Neal2.7 Worldwide Standards for Analog and Digital Television- Aldo G. Cugnini2.8 Digital Audio Standards and Practices- Chip Morgan, Randall Hoffner, and Tim Carroll2.9 Digital Video Standards and Practices- Karl J. Kuhn2.10 Broadcasting Emergency Information- Gary E.Timm 3.1 Broadcast Engineering Management- Norman R. Swan3.2 Broadcast Engineering Documentation Management- David M. Baden3.3 Systems Integration and Project Management- Stephen Pumple3.4 Managing Workplace and Environmental Hazards- David Maxson3.5 Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Energy- Robert D. Weller3.6 Broadcast Facility Security, Safety, Disaster Planning, and Recovery- Richard Rudman, Thomas G. Osenkowsky, and Joseph Pollet4.1 Principles of Acoustics and Noise Control for Broadcast Applications- Ronald Eligator4.2 Planning a Radio Studio or Audio Production Facility- Stephen Poole4.3 Microphones for Broadcast Applications- Ty Ford and Greg Silsby4.4 In-studio Audio Recording for Radio and TV- Rich Rarey and Jeff Brugger4.5 Telephone Network Interfacing- Kirk Harnack and Joe Talbot4.6 Radio Remote Broadcasts- Lorna White4.7 Radio Station Automation, Networks, and Audio Storage- Eugene Novacek4.8 Digital Audio Compression Technologies- Schuyler Quackenbush and Fred Wylie5.1 Principles of Light, Vision, and Photometry- Jerry Whitaker5.2 Planning a Video Production and TV Studio Facility; Systems, Principles, Design, Architecture Ralph S. Blackman and David Guerrero 5.3 Lighting for Television- Bill Marshall and Cindy Hutter Cavell5.4 Television Playout and Content Delivery- Peter Wharton5.5 Television Camera Systems- Michael Bergeron, Steven Mahrer, Idin Roshan, and Martin Marietta5.6 Camera Supports- Martin Marietta5.7 Closed Caption Services- Chris Homer5.8 Workflow and Professional Media Networks- Brad Gilmer5.9 Digital Asset Management- Wendy Allen5.10 ATSC 1.0 Encoding, Transport, and PSIP Systems- Richard Chernock, Matthew S. Goldman, and Chris Lennon5.11 Video Compression- Peter Symes and Matthew S. Goldman5.12 Video Recording, Servers, and Storage- Karl Paulsen5.13 Format and Standards Conversion- Paola Hobson5.14 Digital Television Audio Loudness Management- Jim Starzynski5.15 Weather Radar Systems- Baron Services, Inc.5.16 Television Graphics- Kevin Entrekin, Chris Kelly, and Paul Lacomb5.17 ENG, SNG, and Remote Video Production- Tom Jennings and Stephen Alhart 5.18 Television Audio: Analog and Digital Systems- Tim Carroll and Jeffrey Riedmiller5.19 Intercom and IFB Systems- Vinnie Macri and Kari Eythorsson5.20 Ultra-High Definition Television- Matthew S. Goldman6.1 Audio Contribution and Distribution Methods- Skip Pizzi and John Kean6.2 Video Contribution and Distribution Methods Cindy Hutter Cavell6.3 Satellite Uplinks and Downlinks for Contribution and Distribution- Sidney M. Skjei6.4 STL Systems for Radio and TV- Ernest M. Hickin, James H. Rooney III, and Doug Irwin6.5 Transmitter Remote Control and Monitoring Systems- Paul Shulins6.6 Fiber Optic Transmission Systems- Jeff Juniet7.1 Planning Radio Transmitter Facilities- Paul Shulins and Thomas R. Ray III7.2 Transmission Audio Processing- Robert Orban7.3 Internet Radio Interfacing and Streaming- Greg Ogonowski7.4 AM Radio Broadcasting- Thomas G. Osenkowsky7.5 Medium Wave (AM) Transmitters- Jeff Welton and John Stanley7.6 AM and FM IBOC Systems and Equipment- Jeff Detweiler7.7 Worldwide Digital Radio Systems- Kenneth E. Colwell7.8 Medium Wave AM Broadcast Antenna Systems- Ronald D. Rackley7.9 Antenna Coupling and Phasing Systems- Tom King, Bobby Cox, and James Moser7.10 AM Diplexing, Combining, and Filter System Design- Ronald D. Rackley7.11 Synchronous AM Broadcasting- Stephen F. Smith7.12 AM Antenna System Maintenance- John F. Warner7.13 Antenna System Moment Method Modeling- W. Cris Alexander7.14 FM Radio Broadcasting- Geoff N. Mendenhall and Tim Anderson7.15 VHF (FM) Radio Transmitters- Jeff Welton7.16 Radio Data System- Scott A. Wright and Alan W. Jurison7.17 FM Broadcast Antennas- Thomas B. Silliman and Eric R. Wandel7.18 FM Combining and Filter System Design- Robert A. Surette and Shively Labs7.19 FM and AM Translators and Boosters- Ron Castro7.20 HF Shortwave Radio- J. Fred Riley and John O. Stanley7.21 Hybrid Radio and the Radio DNS Open Standards- Nick Piggott8.1 Planning a Television Transmitter Facilit-y David Sanderford and Matthew A. Sanderford8.2 Analog Television Transmitters- Fred Baumgartner8.3 Digital Television Transmitters- Fred Baumgartner8.4 Next-Generation DTV Systems- Walter Fischer8.5 Single-Frequency Networks for DTV Systems- Walter Fischer8.6 Single-Frequency Networks (SFNs) for Television – Digital On-Channel Repeaters, Distributed Transmitters, and Distributed Translators- S. Merrill Weiss8.7 Television Antenna Systems- Andre J. Skalina8.8 Television Filters, Combiners, and RF Components: Broadcast Television Co-Location Site Management- Daniel S. Fallon, Shane O'Donoghue, and Peggy Miles9.1 Tower Design, Erection, and Maintenance- John Wahba9.2 Lightning Protection for Tower Structures- Edward A. Lobnitz9.3 Tower Lighting and Monitoring- Richard G. Hickey9.4 Transmission lines for AM, FM, HF, and TV Stations and Associated Systems- Phillip Young, Nicholas Paulin, and Bill Harland10.1 Audio Signal Analysis- Stanley Salek., Thomas Kite, David Mathew, and John Kean10.2 AM Radio Performance Measurements- David Maxson10.3 AM Radio Antenna System and Field Strength Measurements- Jack Sellmeyer10.4 FM Antenna Performance Measurements- Martyn Gregory and Peter Long10.5 FM Radio Field Strength Measurements- Clarence M. Beverage and William P. Weeks10.6 Digital Television Proof of Performance Measurements- Mark H. Bricker and Steve Ramer10.7 TV Transmission Line and Antenna System Measurements- Todd R. Loney and Stephen N. Heazlewood10.8 VHF and UHF Television Antenna Test Range Measurements- John L. Schadler 10.90 VHF and UHF Television Field Strength Measurements- Daniel M. Barton11.1 Electrical Power Systems, Specification, Conditioning, Fault Protection- John N. West11.2 Facility Grounding Practice and Lightning Protection- Jeff Welton11.3 Media Archives- James Snyder