Plasticity and Ductile Fracture in Structural Engineering

Yong Bai, PhD, is a Chair Professor at Zhejiang University and an internationally recognized expert in structural mechanics, plasticity, and ductile fracture. His research focuses on the nonlinear behavior and fracture response of metallic structures under complex loading conditions, with applications in offshore pipelines and energy infrastructure. He has authored 25 books and published more than 200 scientific papers, contributing significantly to the advancement of fracture mechanics and structural integrity analysis. His work has helped improve the safety and reliability of marine and offshore engineering systems.

• Preface xiiiAcknowledgement xv1 Stress and Strain 11.2 Tension and Compression 131.3 Stress Tensor and Deviatoric Stress Tensor 171.4 Stress Space, π Plane, and Lode Parameters 251.5 Deviatoric Strain and Equivalent Strain 302 Yielding Conditions 352.1 Introduction 352.2 Yield Locus 372.3 Yield Surface 382.4 Yield Criterion 432.5 Common Yielding Conditions 492.6 Hardening Rule 542.7 Loading and Unloading of Hardening Materials 572.8 Plastic Deformation 582.9 The Normality Rule 623 Constitutive Equations 653.1 Introduction 653.2 The Total Strain Theory 663.3 The Flow Rules 693.4 Drucker's Stability Postulate 703.5 The Loading Criterion 723.6 Incremental Stress–Strain Relationships 734 Cyclic Loading and Shakedown 834.1 Introduction 834.2 Cycling Loading 844.3 Shakedown Theorem 885 Some Application Problems 975.1 Torsion in Thin-Walled Tubes 975.2 Combined Tension and Torsion 1025.3 Combined Tension, Torsion, and Bending 1045.4 Bending in Thin-Walled Tubes 1055.5 Combined Tension and Torsion in a Thin-Walled Tube 1095.6 Bending in Rectangular Cross-Section 1125.7 Internal Pressure in Thick-Walled Tubes 1165.8 Identification Problems 1226 Plasticity in Finite Element Analysis 1336.1 Introduction 1336.2 Elastic Materials 1356.3 Thermo-Elastic Materials 1446.4 Hypoelastic Materials 1476.5 Hyperelastic Materials 1506.6 Viscoelastic Materials 1546.7 Elastic–Plastic Materials 1566.8 Hypoelastic–Plastic Materials 1606.9 Hyperelastic–Plastic Materials 1646.10 Viscoplastic Materials 1656.11 Plastic Materials 1687 Plasticity in Total Force Model 1737.1 Introduction 1737.2 Elastic Beam-Column with Large Displacements 1757.3 The Plastic Node Method 1777.4 Transformation Matrix 1877.5 Stress-Based Plasticity Constitutive Equations 1897.6 Deformation Matrix 2048 Metal Forming Processing Plasticity 2078.1 Introduction 2078.2 Classification 2088.3 Forming Processes 2098.4 Sheet Metal Formability 2168.5 Anisotropy of Sheet Metal 2288.6 Metal Forming in the Carcass Layer of Flexible Pipes 2368.7 Metal Forming Effect on Residual Stress of the Carcass Layer in Flexible Pipes 2429 Mechanical Behavior of Thin Cylindrical Shells Under Combined Axial Compression and Bending 2619.1 Introduction 2619.2 Experiments 2639.3 Numerical Studies 2689.4 Validation 2739.5 Buckling Behavior of Thin Tubes Under Combined Loads 2759.6 Conclusions 27810 Characterization of Ductile Fracture Criterion for API X80 Pipeline Steel Based on a Phenomenological Approach 28110.1 Introduction 28110.2 Overview of Damage Model 28410.3 Experimental Programs 28910.4 Calibration Procedure 29510.5 Comparison with Notched Tensile Specimen Test 30310.6 Validation through CT Test 30710.7 Conclusions 31211 Fracture Response of Steel Pipelines Under Combined Tension and Torsion 31711.1 Introduction 31711.2 Theoretical Equations 32011.3 Finite Element Procedure 32211.4 Results 32511.5 Parametric Studies 32911.6 Conclusions 33412 Fracture Response of Steel Pipelines Under Combined Tension and Bending 33912.1 Introduction 33912.2 Finite Element Procedure 34212.3 Results 34612.4 Parametric Studies 35112.5 Theoretical Models 35612.6 Conclusions 36813 Mechanical Behavior of Pipes with Crack under Combined Tension and Internal Pressure 37313.1 Introduction 37313.2 Finite Element Procedure 37613.3 Results 38013.4 Parametric Studies 38213.5 Theoretical Solutions 38413.6 Analyzing a 21-Inch X80 Steel Pipe 38813.7 Conclusions 39414 The Hoop Stress Failure Analysis of Defective X80 Steel Pipes 39914.1 Introduction 39914.2 Damage Mechanics Models 40214.3 The Pipe Model 40314.4 Parametric Studies 41414.5 Conclusions 422Bibliography 42315 Fracture Study of X80 Steel Based on Phase Field Method 42715.1 Introduction 42715.2 Experiments 42915.3 Finite Element Model 43215.4 Conclusions 437References 438Index 441