Dr. Hue Le is senior researcher and lecturer from the VNU - Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies (CRES), Vietnam National University, Hanoi. Dr. Le’s research focuses on natural resource management, land tenure, and gender. Her scholarship examines the differentiating effects of the macro policy and investigates how social differentiation and power relations affect the way in which different classes of people use the resources and the income that each class earns from forest-related resources.Dr. Le received her MA in Urban and Environmental Policy at Tufts University and her PhD in Agriculture and Rural Development at the Institute of Social Studies, the Netherlands. From February to August 2012, she was a Fulbright visiting scholar at the Earth Institute at Columbia University. From October to November 2016, she was a visiting scholar at York Centre for Asian Research, York University.

• Chapter 1. Introduction: Mangrove Systems Facing Enclosures, Markets and Social Inequality.- Chapter 2. Early History of Mangrove Management in Giao Lạc.- Chapter 3. Socialism, Cooperatives and Mangrove Management in Giao Lạc (1954-1985).- Chapter 4. Impacts of Economic Renovation on Households and Coastal Ecosystems.- Chapter 5. Social Differentiation under Đổi mới Reforms.- Chapter 6. Conclusions.

Dr. Hue Le is senior researcher and lecturer from the VNU - Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies (CRES), Vietnam National University, Hanoi. Dr. Le’s research focuses on natural resource management, land tenure, and gender. Her scholarship examines the differentiating effects of the macro policy and investigates how social differentiation and power relations affect the way in which different classes of people use the resources and the income that each class earns from forest-related resources.Dr. Le received her MA in Urban and Environmental Policy at Tufts University and her PhD in Agriculture and Rural Development at the Institute of Social Studies, the Netherlands. From February to August 2012, she was a Fulbright visiting scholar at the Earth Institute at Columbia University. From October to November 2016, she was a visiting scholar at York Centre for Asian Research, York University.

• Chapter 1. Introduction: Mangrove Systems Facing Enclosures, Markets and Social Inequality.- Chapter 2. Early History of Mangrove Management in Giao Lạc.- Chapter 3. Socialism, Cooperatives and Mangrove Management in Giao Lạc (1954-1985).- Chapter 4. Impacts of Economic Renovation on Households and Coastal Ecosystems.- Chapter 5. Social Differentiation under Đổi mới Reforms.- Chapter 6. Conclusions.

Dr. Hue Le is senior researcher and lecturer from the VNU - Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies (CRES), Vietnam National University, Hanoi. Dr. Le’s research focuses on natural resource management, land tenure, and gender. Her scholarship examines the differentiating effects of the macro policy and investigates how social differentiation and power relations affect the way in which different classes of people use the resources and the income that each class earns from forest-related resources.Dr. Le received her MA in Urban and Environmental Policy at Tufts University and her PhD in Agriculture and Rural Development at the Institute of Social Studies, the Netherlands. From February to August 2012, she was a Fulbright visiting scholar at the Earth Institute at Columbia University. From October to November 2016, she was a visiting scholar at York Centre for Asian Research, York University.

• Chapter 1. Introduction: Mangrove Systems Facing Enclosures, Markets and Social Inequality.- Chapter 2. Early History of Mangrove Management in Giao Lạc.- Chapter 3. Socialism, Cooperatives and Mangrove Management in Giao Lạc (1954-1985).- Chapter 4. Impacts of Economic Renovation on Households and Coastal Ecosystems.- Chapter 5. Social Differentiation under Đổi mới Reforms.- Chapter 6. Conclusions.