Santosh Kumar – författare

Role of Chitosan and Chitosan-Based Nanomaterials in Plant Sciences explores the physiological, morphological, biochemical and molecular regulation of chitosan and chitosan-based nanoparticles in plants in normal conditions, as well as during different stresses, and their probable mechanism of operation in the tolerance mechanism. The book stimulates further research in the field of chitosan and will foster further interests for researchers, academicians and scientists worldwide. Nanotechnology is being used widely in all disciplines of science and technology, including plant sciences.

Chitosan has widely been reported as a beneficial organic compound for the growth and developments of plants and it plays a protective role for the plants against abiotic and biotic stresses. Yet there are very few books available that deal exclusively with Chitosan and Chitosan based nanoparticles impacts on plants respectively.

Analyzes the research on chitosan and chitosan-based nanomaterials in plant sciences Includes the latest information on toxicity and human exposure Reviews modifications and alterations in plant expressions and biochemical pathways

Nanoparticles and Plant-Microbe Interactions: An Environmental Perspective, Volume Seven in the Nanomaterial-Plant Interactions series, provides comprehensive coverage on how nanoparticles can impact plant-microbe interactions. Key themes include nanoparticle synthesis, nano-phytoremediation, nano-farming, the negative impacts of nanoparticles, and nanomaterials in mitigating stress. This will be an essential read for any scientist or researcher looking to assess and understand the potential toxicological risks associated with plant nanotechnology, with particular focus on plant-microbe interactions. Nanotechnology is an emerging field with a vast range of nano-based products for commercial exploitation. The interactions of nanoparticles, plants and microbes can be harnessed in several applications, including alleviating environmental pollution.

In addition to the aforementioned content, the book also explores concerns surrounding the toxicity of nanoparticles themselves, an important aspect to be aware, along with potential negative effects.

Discusses the latest advances in the use of nanotechnology in plants and plant-microbe interactions Considers the potential negative impacts of nanotechnology on the environment Presents the applications of nanomaterials, including their role in stress mitigation

This book focuses on a specialized branch of the vast domain of software engineering: component-based software engineering (CBSE). Component-Based Software Engineering: Methods and Metrics enhances the basic understanding of components by defining categories, characteristics, repository, interaction, complexity, and composition. It divides the research domain of CBSE into three major sub-domains: (1) reusability issues, (2) interaction and integration issues, and (3) testing and reliability issues. This book covers the state-of-the-art literature survey of at least 20 years in the domain of reusability, interaction and integration complexities, and testing and reliability issues of component-based software engineering. The aim of this book is not only to review and analyze the previous works conducted by eminent researchers, academicians, and organizations in the context of CBSE, but also suggests innovative, efficient, and better solutions. A rigorous and critical survey of traditional and advanced paradigms of software engineering is provided in the book. Features: In-interactions and Out-Interactions both are covered to assess the complexity. In the context of CBSE both white-box and black-box testing methods and their metrics are described. This work covers reliability estimation using reusability which is an innovative method. Case studies and real-life software examples are used to explore the problems and their solutions.Students, research scholars, software developers, and software designers or individuals interested in software engineering, especially in component-based software engineering, can refer to this book to understand the concepts from scratch. These measures and metrics can be used to estimate the software before the actual coding commences.

This book focuses on a specialized branch of the vast domain of software engineering: component-based software engineering (CBSE). Component-Based Software Engineering: Methods and Metrics enhances the basic understanding of components by defining categories, characteristics, repository, interaction, complexity, and composition. It divides the research domain of CBSE into three major sub-domains: (1) reusability issues, (2) interaction and integration issues, and (3) testing and reliability issues. This book covers the state-of-the-art literature survey of at least 20 years in the domain of reusability, interaction and integration complexities, and testing and reliability issues of component-based software engineering. The aim of this book is not only to review and analyze the previous works conducted by eminent researchers, academicians, and organizations in the context of CBSE, but also suggests innovative, efficient, and better solutions. A rigorous and critical survey of traditional and advanced paradigms of software engineering is provided in the book. Features: In-interactions and Out-Interactions both are covered to assess the complexity. In the context of CBSE both white-box and black-box testing methods and their metrics are described. This work covers reliability estimation using reusability which is an innovative method. Case studies and real-life software examples are used to explore the problems and their solutions.Students, research scholars, software developers, and software designers or individuals interested in software engineering, especially in component-based software engineering, can refer to this book to understand the concepts from scratch. These measures and metrics can be used to estimate the software before the actual coding commences.

Consumers worldwide are becoming increasingly aware of the significant impacts of food quality, nutrition, and food habits on their health. Demands for fresh, minimally processed foods, foods subjected to less severe preservation and processing, and for foods with no synthetic chemical preservatives are expanding rapidly. Food businesses worldwide are innovating advanced processing and preservation technologies, including natural, bioactive preservatives to fulfill these emerging consumers’ demands. Emerging Technologies in Food Preservation discusses the innovations and advancements in food processing and preservation that have emerged over the last two decades of the 21st century. Various experts in the field examine different innovative food processing and preservation technologies, including non-thermal and minimal processing technologies, particularly those that have least destructive impact on micronutrients.Key Features: Describes the hurdles and challenges in commercialization of these novel processing technologies, including their legal ramifications on food regulations and legislations. Provides detail accounts of application of each of the novel food preservation principles, as they are applied in commercial food processing / food manufacturing lines worldwide. Features a complete account on recent developments and advancements in food preservation and processing technologies, including natural and biopreservativesMindful of the increasing interest in alternatives to traditional thermal processing of foods and beverages, this book is a valuable reference for students, scholars, researchers, scientists, food entrepreneurs, as well as technical professionals working in food industries and associated businesses.

Selected papers from the International Conference on New Computational Social Science, focusing on the following five aspects: Big data acquisition and analysis, Integration of qualitative research and quantitative research, Sociological Internet experiment research, Application of ABM simulation method in Sociology Research, Research and development of new social computing tools.With the rapid development of information technology, especially sweeping progress in the Internet of things, cloud computing, social networks, social media and big data, social computing, as a data-intensive science, is an emerging field that leverages the capacity to collect and analyze data with an unprecedented breadth, depth and scale. It represents a new computing paradigm and an interdisciplinary field of research and application. A broad comprehension of major topics involved in social computing is important for both scholars and practitioners. This proceedings presents and discusses key concepts and analyzes the state-of-the-art of the field.The conference not only gave insights on social computing, but also affords conduit for future research in the field. Social computing has two distinct trends: One is on the social science issues, such as computational social science, computational sociology, social network analysis, etc; The other is on the use of computational techniques. Finally some new challenges ahead are summarized, including interdisciplinary cooperation and training, big data sharing for scientific data mashups, and privacy protect.

Selected papers from the International Conference on New Computational Social Science, focusing on the following five aspects: Big data acquisition and analysis, Integration of qualitative research and quantitative research, Sociological Internet experiment research, Application of ABM simulation method in Sociology Research, Research and development of new social computing tools.With the rapid development of information technology, especially sweeping progress in the Internet of things, cloud computing, social networks, social media and big data, social computing, as a data-intensive science, is an emerging field that leverages the capacity to collect and analyze data with an unprecedented breadth, depth and scale. It represents a new computing paradigm and an interdisciplinary field of research and application. A broad comprehension of major topics involved in social computing is important for both scholars and practitioners. This proceedings presents and discusses key concepts and analyzes the state-of-the-art of the field.The conference not only gave insights on social computing, but also affords conduit for future research in the field. Social computing has two distinct trends: One is on the social science issues, such as computational social science, computational sociology, social network analysis, etc; The other is on the use of computational techniques. Finally some new challenges ahead are summarized, including interdisciplinary cooperation and training, big data sharing for scientific data mashups, and privacy protect.

Consumers worldwide are becoming increasingly aware of the significant impacts of food quality, nutrition, and food habits on their health. Demands for fresh, minimally processed foods, foods subjected to less severe preservation and processing, and for foods with no synthetic chemical preservatives are expanding rapidly. Food businesses worldwide are innovating advanced processing and preservation technologies, including natural, bioactive preservatives to fulfill these emerging consumers’ demands. Emerging Technologies in Food Preservation discusses the innovations and advancements in food processing and preservation that have emerged over the last two decades of the 21st century. Various experts in the field examine different innovative food processing and preservation technologies, including non-thermal and minimal processing technologies, particularly those that have least destructive impact on micronutrients.Key Features: Describes the hurdles and challenges in commercialization of these novel processing technologies, including their legal ramifications on food regulations and legislations. Provides detail accounts of application of each of the novel food preservation principles, as they are applied in commercial food processing / food manufacturing lines worldwide. Features a complete account on recent developments and advancements in food preservation and processing technologies, including natural and biopreservativesMindful of the increasing interest in alternatives to traditional thermal processing of foods and beverages, this book is a valuable reference for students, scholars, researchers, scientists, food entrepreneurs, as well as technical professionals working in food industries and associated businesses.

2D Materials for Surface Plasmon Resonance-based Sensors offers comprehensive coverage of recent design and development (including processing and fabrication) of 2D materials in the context of plasmonic-based devices. It provides a thorough overview of the basic principles and techniques used in the analysis and design of 2D material-based optical sensor systems. Beginning with the basic concepts of plasmon/plasmonic sensors and mathematical modelling, the authors explain the fundamental properties of 2D materials, including Black Phosphorus (BP), Phosphorene, Graphene, Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), MXene's and SW-CNT. It also details the applications of these emerging materials in clinical diagnosis and their future trends. This text will be useful for practising engineers, undergraduate and postgraduate students. Key Features Presents the fundamental concepts of 2D material assisted fibre optic and prism based SPR sensor in a student-friendly manner. Includes the recent synthesis and characterization techniques of 2D materials. Provides computational results of recently discovered electronic and optical properties of the 2D materials along with their effectiveness in the field of plasmonic sensors. Presents emerging applications of novel 2D material-based plasmonic sensors in the field of chemical, bio-chemical and biosensing.

2D Materials for Surface Plasmon Resonance-based Sensors offers comprehensive coverage of recent design and development (including processing and fabrication) of 2D materials in the context of plasmonic-based devices. It provides a thorough overview of the basic principles and techniques used in the analysis and design of 2D material-based optical sensor systems. Beginning with the basic concepts of plasmon/plasmonic sensors and mathematical modelling, the authors explain the fundamental properties of 2D materials, including Black Phosphorus (BP), Phosphorene, Graphene, Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), MXene's and SW-CNT. It also details the applications of these emerging materials in clinical diagnosis and their future trends. This text will be useful for practising engineers, undergraduate and postgraduate students. Key Features Presents the fundamental concepts of 2D material assisted fibre optic and prism based SPR sensor in a student-friendly manner. Includes the recent synthesis and characterization techniques of 2D materials. Provides computational results of recently discovered electronic and optical properties of the 2D materials along with their effectiveness in the field of plasmonic sensors. Presents emerging applications of novel 2D material-based plasmonic sensors in the field of chemical, bio-chemical and biosensing.

This book discusses the history, physics, fundamental principles, sensing technologies, and characterization of plasmonic phenomenon-based fiber-optic biosensors, using optic-plasmonic sensors as a case study. It describes the plasmonic phenomenon and its application in optical fiber-based sensing, presented based on properties and usage of different nanomaterials spread across nine chapters. Content covers advances in nanomaterials, structural designing, and their scope in biomedical applications. Future developments of biosensing devices and related articulate methods are also described.Features:Gives a comprehensive view on the nanomaterials used in plasmonic optical fiber biosensorsIncludes synthesis, characterization, and usage for detection of different analytesDiscusses trends in the design of wavelength-based optical fiber sensorsReviews micro- and nanostructured biosensing devicesExplores application of plasmonic sensors in the biosensing fieldThis book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in Optical Communications, Biomedical Engineering, Optics, Sensors, Instrumentation, and Measurement.

This book discusses the history, physics, fundamental principles, sensing technologies, and characterization of plasmonic phenomenon-based fiber-optic biosensors, using optic-plasmonic sensors as a case study. It describes the plasmonic phenomenon and its application in optical fiber-based sensing, presented based on properties and usage of different nanomaterials spread across nine chapters. Content covers advances in nanomaterials, structural designing, and their scope in biomedical applications. Future developments of biosensing devices and related articulate methods are also described.Features:Gives a comprehensive view on the nanomaterials used in plasmonic optical fiber biosensorsIncludes synthesis, characterization, and usage for detection of different analytesDiscusses trends in the design of wavelength-based optical fiber sensorsReviews micro- and nanostructured biosensing devicesExplores application of plasmonic sensors in the biosensing fieldThis book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in Optical Communications, Biomedical Engineering, Optics, Sensors, Instrumentation, and Measurement.

This book summarizes nanotechnology-based agricultural research for crop productivity and the management of various plant pathogens. It deals with the application of nano-molecules for quick, cost-effective, and precise plant disease diagnostic procedures, plant pests and disease management, nano-pesticides, and nano-diagnostics. Further, it explains nanomaterials for biotic stress management, with an insight into the synthesis and modification of nanomaterials and their potential applications in different domains for disease management.Features include:Compilation of current research on the Nanomaterials as well as their versatile applications in plant biotic stress managementDescription of the role of nanomaterials as enzyme-mimicking nanoparticles, nano-pesticides, nano-fertilizers, and nanomaterialsReview of day-to-day problems related to crop plants, their diagnostics, and stress managementExploration of trends in nanomaterial utility in diagnostics, enzyme-mimicking, and crop protection, and their possible role in plant disease managementStudy of pertinent nanomaterials including synthetic strategies, properties, chemistry, and applicationsThis book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in plant pathology, genetic engineering, environmental science, botany, bioengineering, and nanotechnology.

This book summarizes nanotechnology-based agricultural research for crop productivity and the management of various plant pathogens. It deals with the application of nano-molecules for quick, cost-effective, and precise plant disease diagnostic procedures, plant pests and disease management, nano-pesticides, and nano-diagnostics. Further, it explains nanomaterials for biotic stress management, with an insight into the synthesis and modification of nanomaterials and their potential applications in different domains for disease management.Features include:Compilation of current research on the Nanomaterials as well as their versatile applications in plant biotic stress managementDescription of the role of nanomaterials as enzyme-mimicking nanoparticles, nano-pesticides, nano-fertilizers, and nanomaterialsReview of day-to-day problems related to crop plants, their diagnostics, and stress managementExploration of trends in nanomaterial utility in diagnostics, enzyme-mimicking, and crop protection, and their possible role in plant disease managementStudy of pertinent nanomaterials including synthetic strategies, properties, chemistry, and applicationsThis book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in plant pathology, genetic engineering, environmental science, botany, bioengineering, and nanotechnology.

This book assesses the effects of globalization and neoliberal economic regimes in low- and middle-income countries, primarily on industries, investment and trade; finance and credit; and employment, gender and development.The volume – written to honour the rich academic work of the eminent economist Professor C. P. Chandrasekhar – addresses issues which are relevant to emerging economies and their concerns around development, investment, financial planning and adopting new technologies. It analyses the new financial systems and institutions and the dominance of global finance in policymaking in these countries and their effects in the postpandemic period. It examines the changing contours of finance, trade and labour models and laws in developing countries to assess the risks and concerns of economic crises and challenges. The volume does justice to an assessment of the macroeconomic and developmental implications of neoliberal policies in India while offering an insightful overview of the new economic practices and policies. It also offers suggestions and measures to address concerns regarding banking and global liquidity, reinforce robust strategies for growth in both small and large industries and bring in reform.This book will be of interest to scholars and students of economics, political economy, finance and trade, development studies and South Asian studies.

This book assesses the effects of globalization and neoliberal economic regimes in low- and middle-income countries, primarily on industries, investment and trade; finance and credit; and employment, gender and development.The volume – written to honour the rich academic work of the eminent economist Professor C. P. Chandrasekhar – addresses issues which are relevant to emerging economies and their concerns around development, investment, financial planning and adopting new technologies. It analyses the new financial systems and institutions and the dominance of global finance in policymaking in these countries and their effects in the postpandemic period. It examines the changing contours of finance, trade and labour models and laws in developing countries to assess the risks and concerns of economic crises and challenges. The volume does justice to an assessment of the macroeconomic and developmental implications of neoliberal policies in India while offering an insightful overview of the new economic practices and policies. It also offers suggestions and measures to address concerns regarding banking and global liquidity, reinforce robust strategies for growth in both small and large industries and bring in reform.This book will be of interest to scholars and students of economics, political economy, finance and trade, development studies and South Asian studies.

This book covers the range of piezoelectric biomaterials having the potential for applications in cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) and addresses the recent developments, trends, and challenges of piezoelectric biomaterials for targeted cardiovascular disease (CVD) therapies.It covers the applications of engineered piezoelectric biomaterials including recent developments in piezoelectric biomaterials and their possible impact on treating CVDs and CTE. Main points discussed in the book are: Focusses on piezoelectric biomaterials for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases Covers imitation of mechanoelectrical transduction system as in cardiac tissues Comprehensively covers functional piezoelectric biomaterials preparation and applications Reviews engineered piezoelectric biomaterials applications for better health care Discusses elastomer actuators for heart tissuesThis book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, biophysics, and biomaterials.

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers tremendous opportunities to transform healthcare by reducing human error, supporting medical professionals, and providing continuous patient services. With ongoing advancements, AI has demonstrated significant potential in medical imaging, such as interpreting X-rays, scans, and other diagnostics, as well as assisting in disease identification and treatment planning. Beyond clinical applications, AI is streamlining healthcare operations—from managing patient interactions and answering queries to analyzing population-level health data and predicting emerging health trends.The book, Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Sciences and Healthcare, will serve as a comprehensive collection of current research on AI and its applications across diverse areas of biochemical and medical sciences. It will not only present recent advances in AI but also introduce the foundational concepts of biomedical sciences and machine learning, enabling students and professionals to better grasp these interdisciplinary fields.Furthermore, the book will address real-world challenges in healthcare—such as diagnostics, treatment, and disease management—and illustrate how AI-driven techniques can provide innovative solutions. This volume aims to serve as a valuable reference for students, researchers, academicians, and professionals engaged in biomedical sciences and AI.

The book provides a complete overview of forensic science, AI, and data management in law and business. It reviews the applications of AI and advanced data management methods across various legal and forensic domains. Topics discussed include digital forensics, predictive modelling, automatic classification, anomaly detection, cold case analysis, metadata analysis, and pattern recognition using blockchain technology.The book explores the cutting-edge intersection of fields such as ethical AI in legal systems, forensic science, data privacy, and forensic accounting laws. It examines the ethical implications of integrating computational intelligence including AI and machine learning into legal and judicial systems. The challenges and opportunities of applying AI to decision-making in human rights contexts are analysed, with emphasis on transparency, accountability, and fairness in algorithmic decision-making within legal frameworks.Further, it evaluates the intersection of data privacy and human rights with respect to biometric data collection, discussing the implications of mass surveillance, data harvesting, and profiling on individual privacy and civil liberties. The book also investigates how computational intelligence can be used to analyse large-scale datasets and enhance legal research and decision-making within the framework of human rights and the rule of law.Key Features:Studies the use of AI in criminal scene managementReviews the use of AI in data handlingReviews anomaly detection in companiesEvaluated the use of AI in legal assistanceCovers emotion and sentiment analysis by AI in criminal matters.

Biopolymer-Based Food Packaging Explore the latest developments and advancements in biopolymer-based food packaging In Biopolymer-Based Food Packaging: Innovations and Technology Applications, a team of accomplished researchers delivers a complete, systematic, and sequential account of the contemporary developments in the application of biopolymers for sustainable food packaging. This book introduces the fabrication, characterization as well as benefits arising from the enhanced functionalities of biopolymer-based food packaging materials. The authors introduce various polysaccharide, protein, and microbial polymer-based food packaging films and coatings, as well as biopolymer-based blends and nanocomposites. Importance of these materials as active and intelligent food packaging systems is also introduced. Finally, the book explores biopolymer-based edible food packaging, and its efficacy in extending the shelf-life of perishable food items using sustainable materials and processes suitable for the future of circular economies around the world. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to the incorporation of nanomaterials as fillers to improve the physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal, barrier, optical, and antimicrobial properties of food packaging nanocompositesComprehensive discussions of the use of plant-based bioactive compounds, including essential oils, in biopolymer-based food packaging Practical examinations of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles in food packagingIn-depth treatments of polylactic acid-based composites for food packaging applicationsBiopolymer-Based Food Packaging: Innovations and Technology Applications is an invaluable resource for academic researchers and professionals in food packaging and related industries, as well as research scholars, graduate students, and entrepreneurs working and studying in the field of food preservation, environmental safety, and human health with a focus on the sustainable future.

This work is concerned with theoretical developments in the area of mathematical programming, development of new algorithms and software and their applications in science and industry. It aims to expose recent mathematical developments to a larger audience in science and industry.

AGRO-WASTE DERIVED BIOPOLYMERS AND BIOCOMPOSITES This comprehensive book describes the fundamental principles and major advancements in the utilization of agro-waste for deriving biopolymers, and their applications to fabricate composite, nanocomposite, and hybrid food packaging films and coatings. The book serves as a complete, systematic, comprehensive account of the contemporary developments in the area of novel and environment-friendly valorization of agro- and food wastes into value-added products like biodegradable polymer and active functional agents for food packaging applications. It also describes the hurdles and challenges in the commercialization of these novel biopolymer-based materials, including their composites, their applications, safety, and legal ramifications. This book consists of fifteen chapters covering different aspects of agro- and food waste utilization, the development of biodegradable polymers, and their composites for sustainable food packaging applications. The first thirteen chapters detail the processing of various agro- and food wastes of plant and animal origin to synthesize different biopolymers, such as starch, cellulose, chitosan, silk proteins, pectin, etc., and their applications for the fabrication of sustainable food packaging materials and composites that are attractive alternatives to synthetic plastic packaging. These chapters also summarize the effectiveness of these biopolymers and their composites in developing active films and edible coatings for shelf-life extension and preservation of perishable foods. A chapter is devoted to issues of biodegradability, including analyses of various biodegradation reactions, such as depolymerization, mineralization, biochemical, and abiotic degradation both in soil and aquatic environments. The book concludes with a chapter addressing the concerns associated with the possible migration of components or additives from these biodegradable packaging into packaged food items. Audience The primary audience for this book is researchers, scientists, and engineers working in food science and technology, food engineering and technology, food biotechnology, sustainable food packaging, etc. Additionally, food entrepreneurs and associated businesses, such as the packaging and coatings industries, will also have a keen interest in the book.

Understand the future of food packaging with this timely guide Food packaging is a vital part of the food industry. It contributes to food safety and quality throughout the supply chain, reduced product loss, allows high-quality goods to be shipped safely to underserved regions, and more. Smart food packaging systems, which can sense or detect changes in the product or packaging, are at the forefront of this field, and show potentially revolutionary promise. Smart Food Packaging Systems offer a comprehensive overview of the fundamental principles and practical applications of Active food packaging and Intelligent food packaging systems. The book incorporates the latest research developments and technologies in active and intelligent packaging systems that supplement food supply lines worldwide. It is a must-own for researchers and industry professionals looking to understand this key new tool in the fight against world hunger. Smart Food Packaging Systems readers will also find: Case studies on life cycle assessments of specific smart packaging systemsDetailed discussion of topics including additives, antimicrobial and other functional agents, and biopolymers in active food packagingUse of sensors and indicators to monitor quality, temperature, and freshness of the packaged foodSmart Food Packaging Systems is ideal for professionals, researchers, and academics in food science, food technology, and food packaging, as well as manufacturers, developers, government officials, and regulators working on supply chain and food distribution aspects.

This book gives comprehensive insights into the application of AI, machine learning, and deep learning in developing efficient and optimal surveillance systems for both indoor and outdoor environments, addressing the evolving security challenges in public and private spaces. Mathematical Models Using Artificial Intelligence for Surveillance Systems aims to collect and publish basic principles, algorithms, protocols, developing trends, and security challenges and their solutions for various indoor and outdoor surveillance applications using artificial intelligence (AI). The book addresses how AI technologies such as machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), sensors, and other wireless devices could play a vital role in assisting various security agencies. Security and safety are the major concerns for public and private places in every country. Some places need indoor surveillance, some need outdoor surveillance, and, in some places, both are needed. The goal of this book is to provide an efficient and optimal surveillance system using AI, ML, and DL-based image processing. The blend of machine vision technology and AI provides a more efficient surveillance system compared to traditional systems. Leading scholars and industry practitioners are expected to make significant contributions to the chapters. Their deep conversations and knowledge, which are based on references and research, will result in a wonderful book and a valuable source of information.

Comprehensive resource covering new technologies, materials, strategies, and recent advancements in the field of biosensing Biosensors summarizes cutting-edge technologies in biosensing, including gene editing (known as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat or CRISPR), quorum sensing utilizing inter and intra cell signals, two-dimensional (2D) materials and aptamer-mediated sensor designs, and more, with additional coverage of the latest materials, strategies, and advancements made in the field. Chapters are categorized on the basis of various bio-recognition elements that include aptamer, nucleic acid, enzymes, antibodies, bacteriophages, peptides, and molecular imprinted polymers. Plasmonic, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, colorimetric, fluorescence, electrochemical, magneto and piezo-electric biosensor sensing techniques are also considered. The roles of various nanomaterials, advancement in synthesis, signal enhancement strategies, and new trends for biomedical applications are also described. Current challenges, limitations, and future prospects to developing biosensors for point-of-care and clinical applications are also discussed. Written by three highly qualified authors, Biosensors includes information on: Diverse bio-receptors include nucleic acids, aptamers, enzymes, antibodies, bacteriophages, molecularly imprinted polymers, whole-cell, and techniques of immobilizationDifferent transduction principles using bio-receptors (e.g., optical, electrochemical, piezo-electrical, and SERS) to detect microorganism, toxins, and diseasesNanomaterials synthesis, their role in biosensing, pros and cons of carbon, polymer, metals, metal oxides, and quantum dots-based nanomaterials in medical biosensing applicationsBiosensors is a comprehensive and complete resource on the subject for researchers and professionals in physics, chemistry, and biomedical science, research communities working in the fields of plasmonics, optics, biosensors, and nano-photonics, and students in related programs of study.

Women, and particularly poor women, have become essential cogs in the wheel of financialized capitalism. Globally, women are responsible for managing household debt, and that debt has exploded over the last decade, reaching an all-time high after the COVID-19 pandemic. Across various categories of loans, including subprime lending, microcredit policies, and consumer loans, as well as rent and utilities, women are overrepresented as clients and managers, and are being enfolded into the system. The Indebted Woman discusses the crucial yet invisible roles poor women play in making and consolidating debt and credit markets. Isabelle Guérin, Santosh Kumar, and G. Venkatasubramanian spent over two decades observing a credit market that specifically targets women in the Indian countryside of east-central Tamil Nadu. They found that paying off debts required labor, frequently involved sexual transactions, and shaped women's bodies and subjectivities. Bringing together ethnography, statistical surveys, and financial diaries, they offer for the first time a comprehensive theory for this sexual division of debt that goes far beyond the Indian case, exposing the ways capitalism transforms womanhood and how this transformation in turn fuels capitalism.

Women, and particularly poor women, have become essential cogs in the wheel of financialized capitalism. Globally, women are responsible for managing household debt, and that debt has exploded over the last decade, reaching an all-time high after the COVID-19 pandemic. Across various categories of loans, including subprime lending, microcredit policies, and consumer loans, as well as rent and utilities, women are overrepresented as clients and managers, and are being enfolded into the system. The Indebted Woman discusses the crucial yet invisible roles poor women play in making and consolidating debt and credit markets. Isabelle Guérin, Santosh Kumar, and G. Venkatasubramanian spent over two decades observing a credit market that specifically targets women in the Indian countryside of east-central Tamil Nadu. They found that paying off debts required labor, frequently involved sexual transactions, and shaped women's bodies and subjectivities. Bringing together ethnography, statistical surveys, and financial diaries, they offer for the first time a comprehensive theory for this sexual division of debt that goes far beyond the Indian case, exposing the ways capitalism transforms womanhood and how this transformation in turn fuels capitalism.