Catherine Hakim - Böcker

Levels of part-time work vary enormously across industrial society, from 66 per cent among women in the Netherlands to just 8 per cent among women in Greece. Part-time work was almost unknown in Eastern Europe, but is now growing rapidly in the same sectors of industry as in Western Europe and the USA.Between Equalization and Marginalization provides a comparative analysis of the development of part-time work in Europe and the USA from 1950 onwards, using longitudinal and cross-sectional data, and reassesses the competing theories and conflicting perspectives so far offered on the growth of part-time work among women. It concludes that part-time work does not equalize women's position vis à vis full-time workers, nor does it leave women in part-time jobs wholly marginalized. Instead, it shows that part-time jobs provide new opportunities for secondary earners and play a special role in the context of the sexual division of labour in the family.The country reports - by national experts - cover the USA, Sweden, Denmark, the Netherlands, West Germany, Britain, France, Italy, Greece, Hungary, Slovenia, and Poland. Two chapters by the editors synthesize the results and assess their theoretical implications.

In the mid-1990s the Census Office released for the first time 1% and 2% Samples of Anonymised Records (SARs) from the 1991 British Census. This pathbreaking study presents the results of the first analysis of labour market data from the new SARs, drawing comparisons with research results for the USA and other Western European countries. The author describes a distinctive, new category of integrated occupations, employing men and women equally in highly qualified work; the diversification of part-time work; the emergence of a new category of marginal jobs; and the expansion of student jobs. Fresh insight is offered into the pay gap, social stratification, occupational differences in labour mobility, current trends in homework, travel to work patterns, self-employment and small firm creation, and the impact of housing choice on female workrates. The book presents a case-study of pharmacists to illustrate these developments as well as an excellent introductory guide for future SAR users - warning them of pitfalls in the data, as well as pointing out advantages to be exploited.

In this book, Hakim presents a new, multi-disciplinary theory for explaining and predicting current and future patterns of women's choice between employment and family work. Preference theory is the first theory developed specifically to explain women's behaviour and choices. As such, it constitutes a major break from male-centred theorizing to date in sociology and economics.Preference theory is grounded on the substantial body of new research on women's work and fertility that has flourished within feminist scholarship. It identifies five major historical changes that collectively are producing a qualitatively new scenario for women in prosperous societies in the 21st century.Throughout the analysis, the USA and Britain illustrate what the new scenario means for women, how it alters their preferences and work-lifestyles choices. Hakim also reviews research evidence on contemporary developments across Europe, Canada, Australia, Japan, and the far East to develop a new theory that is genuine international in perspective.

In this book, Hakim presents a new, multi-disciplinary theory for explaining and predicting current and future patterns of women's choice between employment and family work. Preference theory is the first theory developed specifically to explain women's behaviour and choices. As such, it constitutes a major break from male-centred theorizing to date in sociology and economics.Preference theory is grounded on the substantial body of new research on women's work and fertility that has flourished within feminist scholarship. It identifies five major historical changes that collectively are producing a qualitatively new scenario for women in prosperous societies in the 21st century.Throughout the analysis, the USA and Britain illustrate what the new scenario means for women, how it alters their preferences and work-lifestyles choices. Hakim also reviews research evidence on contemporary developments across Europe, Canada, Australia, Japan, and the far East to develop a new theory that is genuine international in perspective.

Providing a practical overview for graduates and professional researchers, this book highlights the central issues involved in the design of medium to large scale social and economic research. Covering both theoretical and policy research Hakim sets out the key features, strengths and limitations of eight main types of study, with illustrations from real life research of the kinds of questions each can best be used to answer. This book also offers a more general pragmatic discussion of strategies for choosing between one design and another, and on how different types of study can be successfully combined in wider ranging research programmes.In this expanded second edition the author has added new material on areas of contemporary significance across the social and economic sciences. New features to this edition are:* a chapter on cross-national comparative studies* more examples throughout the text of comparative research both within Europe and across modern societies* discussions of student theses, advocacy research, selection effects and collaboration.

Providing a practical overview for graduates and professional researchers, this book highlights the central issues involved in the design of medium to large scale social and economic research. Covering both theoretical and policy research Hakim sets out the key features, strengths and limitations of eight main types of study, with illustrations from real life research of the kinds of questions each can best be used to answer. This book also offers a more general pragmatic discussion of strategies for choosing between one design and another, and on how different types of study can be successfully combined in wider ranging research programmes.In this expanded second edition the author has added new material on areas of contemporary significance across the social and economic sciences. New features to this edition are:* a chapter on cross-national comparative studies* more examples throughout the text of comparative research both within Europe and across modern societies* discussions of student theses, advocacy research, selection effects and collaboration.

This study provides an examination of women's employment in the UK. It considers such aspects as sex discrimination, patriarchy, part-time work, "flexible" hours, homeworking, marriage and career patterns, employment rights and the exploitation of part-timers, pay, and occupational segregation.

Women's employment is one of the most widely-discussed and often-misunderstood issues of modern society. Are women today oppressed, or do they have the best of both worlds? Do women have to go out to work to gain equality with men, or do they already do more than their share of domestic work, caring work and voluntary work as well as work in the informal economy? Do women seek careers on the same terms as men, or are they content to be dependent wives or secondary earners taking jobs on a short-term basis? How important is job segregation in explaining the 20% pay gap between men and women? Have equal opportunities laws had any real impact? Are women in Europe lagging behind, or are they at the forefront of developments in modern societies? This new updated edition of Catherine Hakim's classic text addresses all the key issues currently debated in relation to women's work - in the domestic sphere, as well as paid employment.Dr Hakim tests the power of patriarchy theory and preference theory against economic theories. Sex discrimination, work-life balance, part-time work, flexible hours, homeworking, career patterns across the life cycle, labour mobility, labour turnover, the returns to education, occupational segregation, the pay gap, the glass ceiling, and the impact of European Union policies are all considered. Analysis of historical developments over the twentieth century, based on censuses, is complemented by case studies of people working in occupations undergoing dramatic change. Throughout the book, comparisons are drawn between the USA, Britain, other European countries, Canada, Australia, and also China, Japan and other Far Eastern societies.The analysis draws on sociology, economics, psychology, labour law, history and social anthropology to conclude that the diversity of women's life goals and lifestyle preferences is increasing. This explains the growing polarisation of women's employment and many contradictory recent research results.

This title was first published in 2003. This text reports on two nationally representative surveys of men and women in Britain and Spain, the former being funded by the Future of Work Research Programme and conducted by the ONS. Catherine Hakim presents a study of ideal models of the family and family roles, work orientation, patriarchal values and lifestyle preferences, showing how these impact on women's marital histories, fertility, employment patterns and occupational segregation, but not on men's labour market participation. Lifestyle preferences and work orientations have a strong impact on women's activities, and especially on married women's choices, but patriarchal values have almost no impact on behaviour. The book also covers educational homogamy, housing classes, labour mobility and contrasts between ethnic minority groups in core values and labour market participation.

Women's employment is one of the most widely-discussed and often-misunderstood issues of modern society. Are women today oppressed, or do they have the best of both worlds? Do women have to go out to work to gain equality with men, or do they already do more than their share of domestic work, caring work and voluntary work as well as work in the informal economy? Do women seek careers on the same terms as men, or are they content to be dependent wives or secondary earners taking jobs on a short-term basis? How important is job segregation in explaining the 20% pay gap between men and women? Have equal opportunities laws had any real impact? Are women in Europe lagging behind, or are they at the forefront of developments in modern societies? This new updated edition of Catherine Hakim's classic text addresses all the key issues currently debated in relation to women's work - in the domestic sphere, as well as paid employment.Dr Hakim tests the power of patriarchy theory and preference theory against economic theories. Sex discrimination, work-life balance, part-time work, flexible hours, homeworking, career patterns across the life cycle, labour mobility, labour turnover, the returns to education, occupational segregation, the pay gap, the glass ceiling, and the impact of European Union policies are all considered. Analysis of historical developments over the twentieth century, based on censuses, is complemented by case studies of people working in occupations undergoing dramatic change. Throughout the book, comparisons are drawn between the USA, Britain, other European countries, Canada, Australia, and also China, Japan and other Far Eastern societies.The analysis draws on sociology, economics, psychology, labour law, history and social anthropology to conclude that the diversity of women's life goals and lifestyle preferences is increasing. This explains the growing polarisation of women's employment and many contradictory recent research results.