Christophe Bouton – författare

Christophe Bouton’s Time and Freedom addresses the problem of the relationship between time and freedom as a matter of practical philosophy, examining how the individual lives time and how her freedom is effective in time.Bouton first charts the history of modern philosophy’s reengagement with the Aristotelian debate about future contingents, beginning with Leibniz. While Kant, Husserl, and their followers would engage time through theories of knowledge, Schopenhauer, Schelling, Kierkegaard, and (later) Heidegger, Sartre, and Levinas applied a phenomenological and existential methodology to time, but faced a problem of the temporality of human freedom. Bouton’s is the first major work of its kind since Bergson’s Time and Free Will (1889), and Bouton’s “mystery of the future,” in which the individual has freedom within the shifting bounds dictated by time, charts a new direction.

Modernity, proposes Christophe Bouton, is not about the acceleration of time, but about living in multiple temporalities—polychrony.Like a speeding locomotive that has lost its driver, the history of Western society since the mid-nineteenth century has been characterized as an exponential, out-of-control acceleration. Simultaneously, in recent decades, the destructive impact of human activity on the planet has increased at a spectacular rate, giving rise to what has been called the Great Acceleration. But a kind of reversal seems to be taking place: nature, once seen as a realm of repetition, has become historicized and even rushed toward an end, while history, the very site of change itself, appears strangely stagnant. In the wake of Reinhart Koselleck, Bouton offers readers a history of the idea of acceleration from the Enlightenment to the Anthropocene and invites us to undertake a critical assessment of this narrative of the "acceleration of history." Challenging the theories of Hartmut Rosa and François Hartog, he emphasizes the plurality of temporal experiences that characterize our present—the polychrony of modernity. Ultimately, the book's aim is not to deny the relevance of the categories of acceleration and presentism for understanding modernity, but rather to show that alternative rhythms and relationships to both past and future also exist.

Quelle est la relation de l’esprit au temps? Comment s’articulent les concepts de temps et d’histoire? De quelle façon l’idée d’historicité se laisse-t-elle caractériser? Telles sont les questions que cet ouvrage se propose d’adresser à la philosophie de Hegel.Alors que les essais de jeunesse (1796-1802) définissent le temps de manière négative en l’identifiant au destin, puis à une marque de finitude que la raison doit abolir, les projets de systèmes d’Iéna constituent un tournant dans la recherche de Hegel, qui fait à cette époque une découverte décisive : celle de la nature éminemment dialectique du temps.L’analyse de la dialecticité du temps met en évidence les multiples facettes de ce concept, et explique comment l’esprit peut se réconcilier avec le temps dans sa figure proprement historique. Les leçons d’Iéna saisissent la future philosophie de l’histoire dans sa possibilité, à la lumière de ce qu’il convient d’appeler, depuis Hegel, l’« historicité ».Christophe Bouton est Professeur de philosophie à l’Université de Bordeaux 3.

Ce livre se propose d’esquisser un tableau d’ensemble des théories de l’histoire développées en Allemagne des Lumières à nos jours. Il défend l’idée que loin d’être une simple « sécularisation » croissante de la Providence, elles expriment plutôt une montée en puissance du motif de la liberté et du « principe de faisabilité », selon lequel les hommes sont les auteurs de leur histoire.La première partie retrace l’émergence de l’antinomie de l’histoire chez Herder, Kant, Schelling et Fichte, et les solutions qui lui sont à chaque fois données. La partie centrale étudie la manière dont Hegel a révolutionné la pensée de l’histoire, en substituant la raison à la Providence, l’historicité à la nature. La dernière partie porte sur la postérité de la philosophie hégélienne de l’histoire chez des auteurs comme Marx, Dilthey et Adorno. En contrepoint de la tendance actuelle au pessimisme, nous nous demandons ce que peut encore nous apporter aujourd’hui, après les catastrophes du XXe siècle, la pensée hégélienne de l’histoire.Christophe Bouton est Professeur de philosophie à l’Université de Bordeaux 3.

This volume addresses the question of time from the perspective of the time of nature. Its aim is to provide some insights about the nature of time on the basis of the different uses of the concept of time in natural sciences. Presenting a dialogue between philosophy and science, it features a collection of papers that investigate the representation, modeling and understanding of time as they appear in physics, biology, geology and paleontology. It asks questions such as: whether or not the notions of time in the various sciences are reducible to the same physical time, what status should be given to timescale differences, or what are the specific epistemic issues raised by past facts in natural sciences. The book first explores the experience of time and its relation to time in nature in a set of chapters that bring together what human experience and physics enable metaphysicians, logicians and scientists to say about time. Next, it studies time in physics, including some puzzling paradoxes about time raised by the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. The volume then goes on to examine the distinctive problems and conceptions of time in the life sciences. It explores the concept of deep time in paleontology and geology, time in the epistemology of evolutionary biology, and time in developmental biology. Each scientific discipline features a specific approach to time and uses distinctive methodologies for implementing time in its models. This volume seeks to define a common language to conceive of the distinct ways different scientific disciplines view time. In the process, it offers a new approach to the issue of time that will appeal to a wide range of readers: philosophers and historians of science, metaphysicians and natural scientists - be they scholars, advanced students or readers from an educated general audience.

This volume addresses the question of time from the perspective of the time of nature. Its aim is to provide some insights about the nature of time on the basis of the different uses of the concept of time in natural sciences. Presenting a dialogue between philosophy and science, it features a collection of papers that investigate the representation, modeling and understanding of time as they appear in physics, biology, geology and paleontology. It asks questions such as: whether or not the notions of time in the various sciences are reducible to the same physical time, what status should be given to timescale differences, or what are the specific epistemic issues raised by past facts in natural sciences.

The book first explores the experience of time and its relation to time in nature in a set of chapters that bring together what human experience and physics enable metaphysicians, logicians and scientists to say about time. Next, it studies time in physics, including some puzzling paradoxes about time raised by the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. The volume then goes on to examine the distinctive problems and conceptions of time in the life sciences. It explores the concept of deep time in paleontology and geology, time in the epistemology of evolutionary biology, and time in developmental biology. Each scientific discipline features a specific approach to time and uses distinctive methodologies for implementing time in its models. This volume seeks to define a common language to conceive of the distinct ways different scientific disciplines view time. In the process, it offers a new approach to the issue of time that will appeal to a wide range of readers: philosophers and historians of science, metaphysicians and natural scientists - be they scholars, advanced students or readers from an educated general audience.

This volume addresses the question of time from the perspective of the time of nature. Its aim is to provide some insights about the nature of time on the basis of the different uses of the concept of time in natural sciences. Presenting a dialogue between philosophy and science, it features a collection of papers that investigate the representation, modeling and understanding of time as they appear in physics, biology, geology and paleontology. It asks questions such as: whether or not the notions of time in the various sciences are reducible to the same physical time, what status should be given to timescale differences, or what are the specific epistemic issues raised by past facts in natural sciences. The book first explores the experience of time and its relation to time in nature in a set of chapters that bring together what human experience and physics enable metaphysicians, logicians and scientists to say about time. Next, it studies time in physics, including some puzzling paradoxes about time raised by the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. The volume then goes on to examine the distinctive problems and conceptions of time in the life sciences. It explores the concept of deep time in paleontology and geology, time in the epistemology of evolutionary biology, and time in developmental biology. Each scientific discipline features a specific approach to time and uses distinctive methodologies for implementing time in its models. This volume seeks to define a common language to conceive of the distinct ways different scientific disciplines view time. In the process, it offers a new approach to the issue of time that will appeal to a wide range of readers: philosophers and historians of science, metaphysicians and natural scientists - be they scholars, advanced students or readers from an educated general audience.