Elijah Anderson – författare

The articles published in this special issue of The Annals were prepared for a conference titled The Study of African American Problems held in February 1999. The articles are a manifestation of the rich scholarly legacy created by W.E.B. Du Bois at the end of the nineteenth century-a legacy that continues to bear fruit at the start of the twenty-first century. While the works in this volume of The Annals are based on Du Bois's prospectus, "The Study of the Negro Problems," originally published in this journal 100 years ago and reprinted in this volume, they follow strongly the spirit rather than the letter of that article.

Du Bois's lifework was to focus the attention of society on the problems of African Americans, and these were centered on the need to develop leadership and social capital for blacks within a wider system that was unwilling to include them. In order to help develop the most complete possible picture of the black community, he identified four broad areas of study: social interpretation, historical study, statistical investigation, and anthropological measurement. The articles in this important issue of The Annals expand these practical categories, adding issues (of gender, for example) to some and broadening the definition of others. However, all the topics fall within the purview of what Du Bois saw as affecting all African Americans.

Du Bois felt that scholars were missing an important opportunity by not studying blacks. He pushed the academic community to take blacks seriously from a scientific perspective, while at the same time making an important contribution to world scholarship. This outstanding volume of The Annals is not a critique of Du Bois, but rather a reflection on the issues that were first raised by him and an effort to relate those themes to work that is being done today. Here scholars write both of their work and of the inspiration provided to them by this seminal and highly regarded thinker.

The articles published in this special issue of The Annals were prepared for a conference titled The Study of African American Problems held in February 1999. The articles are a manifestation of the rich scholarly legacy created by W.E.B. Du Bois at the end of the nineteenth century-a legacy that continues to bear fruit at the start of the twenty-first century. While the works in this volume of The Annals are based on Du Bois's prospectus, "The Study of the Negro Problems," originally published in this journal 100 years ago and reprinted in this volume, they follow strongly the spirit rather than the letter of that article.

Du Bois's lifework was to focus the attention of society on the problems of African Americans, and these were centered on the need to develop leadership and social capital for blacks within a wider system that was unwilling to include them. In order to help develop the most complete possible picture of the black community, he identified four broad areas of study: social interpretation, historical study, statistical investigation, and anthropological measurement. The articles in this important issue of The Annals expand these practical categories, adding issues (of gender, for example) to some and broadening the definition of others. However, all the topics fall within the purview of what Du Bois saw as affecting all African Americans.

Du Bois felt that scholars were missing an important opportunity by not studying blacks. He pushed the academic community to take blacks seriously from a scientific perspective, while at the same time making an important contribution to world scholarship. This outstanding volume of The Annals is not a critique of Du Bois, but rather a reflection on the issues that were first raised by him and an effort to relate those themes to work that is being done today. Here scholars write both of their work and of the inspiration provided to them by this seminal and highly regarded thinker.

As students of culture, ethnographers must have curiosity, openness, and humility - three traits vital for "getting with"people. But how do ethnographers go about developing relationships with people in the field? And how do they learn from these people so they can conduct a systematic study of the culture?

These key questions can best be answered by sharing field experiences among a diverse group of ethnographers. Yet researchers often become so embedded in the extensive data collections, analysis, and writing that the opportunity rarely occurs to share experiences, fieldwork, and current projects. Leading ethnographers recognized the need for a forum where information could be exchanged.

The major ethnography conference (held at the University of Pennsylvania in November 2003) presented by established ethnographers along with graduate students the chance to participate in an exciting format where works-in-progress could be shared. This intimate setting built a bridge to take ethnography into the future while reestablishing ties to scholarly roots.

Using the Chicago School and its emphasis on "bringing back the news" from unknown or misknown social worlds as a foundation, these conferences created a buzz where information was freely shared and ethnographers connected. The University of Pennsylvania conference became the springboard for the articles in this special volume of The ANNALS.

Contemporary ethnography is much too large, too diverse, too contentious to be represented in its entirety in a single collection of articles. However, this weighty volume represents a distinctive approach to ethnography that seeks to engage, reassert, and reassess three recurring themes found in classic Chicago-style fieldwork:

I. The focus on discovery, rather than on theory or method

II. "Loyalty to the phenomenon" - emphasizing what people are actually doing versus what theory suggests people are doing

III. The collection of original data, as well as the collection of ethnographic data in original ways

This unique volume offers the rare chance to learn what ethnographers are doing in the field as well as the different approaches taken and styles used in conducting fieldwork. It also provides poignant insight for public policy students and practitioners.

The articles included in this volume reflect a wide range of stories and researchers from around the country and around the world. Taken together they provide the big picture of the challenges and boons of fieldwork and examined experiences.

In 2001, the first of a series of ethnographic conferences took place in Los Angeles with an emphasis on fieldwork. Since then the field has gained a much larger disciplinary footprint. While the increase in substantial research in the field has risen dramatically, ethnographic styles of writing have emerged that fail to include much discernible fieldwork. This volume of The Annals broaches the subject of improving fieldwork in the ethnographic spectrum through old-fashioned or "shoe leather" fieldwork. At a more recent ethnographic conference at Yale University in 2010 with a follow-up in June 2011, emerging ethnographers were mentored by senior scholars in whichthey presented an informal, yet supportive setting where ethnographic fieldwork could be constructively critiqued. This volume is a product of those collective efforts. The articles in this volume include insight into relations among affluent minorities, the status system we find in today'ssports, and a portrait of an employer of undocumented workers, among other articles. This volume will appeal to both undergraduate and graduate students with a wide range of interests including sociology, education, anthropology, and race and gender conflicts and problems.