Kung-Kiu Lau – författare

Logic programming synthesis and transformation are methods of deriving logic programs from their specifications and, where necessary, producing alternative but equivalent forms of a given program. The techniques involved in synthesis and transformation are extremely important as they allow the systematic construction of correct and efficient programs and have the potential to enhance current methods of software production. Transformation strategies are also being widely used in the field of logic program development. LOPSTR 91 was the first workshop to deal exclusively with both logic program synthesis and transformation and, as such, filled an obvious gap in the existing range of logic programming workshops. In attempting to cover the subject as comprehensively as possible, the workshop brought together researchers with an interest in all aspects of logic (including Horn Clause and first order logic) and all approaches to program synthesis and transformation. Logic Program Synthesis and Transformation provides a complete record of the workshop, with all the papers reproduced either in full or as extended abstracts. They cover a wide range of aspects, both practical and theoretical, including the use of mode input-output in program transformation, program specification and synthesis in constructive formal systems and a case study in formal program development in modular Prolog. This volume provides a comprehensive overview of current research and will be invaluable to researchers and postgraduate students who wish to enhance their understanding of logic programming techniques.

Logic program synthesis and transformation are topics of central importance to the software industry. The demand for software can not be met by the current supply, in terms of volume, complexity, or reliability. The most promising solution seems to be the increased automation of software production: programmer productivity would improve, and correctness could be ensured by the application of mathematical methods. Because of their mathematical foundations, logic programs lend themselves particularly well to machine-assisted development techniques, and therefore to automation. This volume contains the proceedings of the second International Workshop on Logic Program Synthesis and Transformation (LOPSTR 92), held at the University of Manchester, 2-3 July 1992. The LOPSTR workshops are the only international meetings devoted to these two important areas. A variety of new techniques were described at the workshop, all of which promise to revolutionize the software industry once they become standard practise. These include techniques for the transformation of an inefficient program into an equivalent, efficient one, and the synthesis of a program from a formal specification of its required behaviour. Among the topics covered in this volume are: optimal transformation of logic programs; logic program synthesis via proof planning; deductive synthesis of programs for query answering; efficient compilation of lazy narrowing into Prolog; synthesis of narrowing programs; Logimix: a self-applicable partial evaluator for Prolog; proof nets; automatic termination analysis. Logic Program Synthesis and Transformation describes the latest advances in machine-assisted development of logic programs. It will provide essential reading for researchers and postgraduate students concerned with these two important areas.

Logic programming synthesis and transformation are methods are deriving logic programs from their specifications and, where necessary, producing alternative but equivalent forms of a given program. The techniques involved in synthesis and transformation are extremely important as they allow the systematic construction of correct and efficient programs and have the potential to enhance current methods of software production. Transformation strategies are also being widely used in the field of logic program development. LOPSTR 91 was the first workshop to deal exclusively with both logic program synthesis and transformation and, as such, filled an obvious gap in the existing range of logic programming workshops. In attempting to cover the subject as comprehensively as possible, the workshop brought together researchers with an interest in all aspects of logic (including Horn Clause and first order logic) and all approaches to program synthesis and transformation. "Logic Program Synthesis and Transformation" provides a complete record of the workshop, with all the papers re-produced either in full or as extended abstracts.They cover a wide range of aspects, both practical and theoretical, including the use of mode input-output in program transformation, program specification and synthesis in constructive formal systems and a case study in formal program development in modular Prolog. This volume provides a comprehensive overview of current research and will be invaluable to researchers and postgraduate students who wish to enhance their understanding of logic programming techniques.

Logic program synthesis and transformation are topics of central importance to the software industry. The demand for software can not be met by the current supply, in terms of volume, complexity, or reliability. The most promising solution seems to be the increased automation of software production: programmer productivity would improve, and correctness could be ensured by the application of mathematical methods. Because of their mathematical foundations, logic programs lend themselves particularly well to machine-assisted development techniques, and therefore to automation. This volume contains the proceedings of the second International Workshop on Logic Program Synthesis and Transformation (LOPSTR 92), held at the University of Manchester, 2-3 July 1992. The LOPSTR workshops are the only international meetings devoted to these two important areas. A variety of new techniques were described at the workshop, all of which promise to revolutionize the software industry once they become standard practise. These include techniques for the transformation of an inefficient program into an equivalent, efficient one, and the synthesis of a program from a formal specification of its required behaviour. Among the topics covered in this volume are: optimal transformation of logic programs; logic program synthesis via proof planning; deductive synthesis of programs for query answering; efficient compilation of lazy narrowing into Prolog; synthesis of narrowing programs; Logimix: a self-applicable partial evaluator for Prolog; proof nets; automatic termination analysis. Logic Program Synthesis and Transformation describes the latest advances in machine-assisted development of logic programs. It will provide essential reading for researchers and postgraduate students concerned with these two important areas.

1 The tenth anniversary of the LOPSTR symposium provided the incentive for this volume. LOPSTR started in 1991 as a workshop on logic program synthesis and transformation, but later it broadened its scope to logic-based program development in general, that is, program development in computational logic, and hence the title of this volume. The motivating force behind LOPSTR has been the belief that declarative paradigms such as logic programming are better suited to program development tasks than traditional non-declarative ones such as the imperative paradigm. Speci?cation, synthesis, transformation or specialization, analysis, debugging and veri?cation can all be given logical foundations, thus providing a unifying framework for the whole development process. In the past 10 years or so, such a theoretical framework has indeed begun to emerge. Even tools have been implemented for analysis, veri?cation and speci- ization. However,itisfairtosaythatsofarthefocushaslargelybeenonprogrammi- in-the-small. So the future challenge is to apply or extend these techniques to programming-in-the-large, in order to tackle software engineering in the real world. Returning to this volume, our aim is to present a collection of papers that re?ect signi?cant research e?orts over the past 10 years. These papers cover the wholedevelopmentprocess:speci?cation,synthesis,analysis,transformationand specialization, as well as semantics and systems.

1 The tenth anniversary of the LOPSTR symposium provided the incentive for this volume. LOPSTR started in 1991 as a workshop on logic program synthesis and transformation, but later it broadened its scope to logic-based program development in general, that is, program development in computational logic, and hence the title of this volume. The motivating force behind LOPSTR has been the belief that declarative paradigms such as logic programming are better suited to program development tasks than traditional non-declarative ones such as the imperative paradigm. Speci?cation, synthesis, transformation or specialization, analysis, debugging and veri?cation can all be given logical foundations, thus providing a unifying framework for the whole development process. In the past 10 years or so, such a theoretical framework has indeed begun to emerge. Even tools have been implemented for analysis, veri?cation and speci- ization. However,itisfairtosaythatsofarthefocushaslargelybeenonprogrammi- in-the-small. So the future challenge is to apply or extend these techniques to programming-in-the-large, in order to tackle software engineering in the real world. Returning to this volume, our aim is to present a collection of papers that re?ect signi?cant research e?orts over the past 10 years. These papers cover the wholedevelopmentprocess:speci?cation,synthesis,analysis,transformationand specialization, as well as semantics and systems.

This volume contains papers presented at the 7th International Conference on Formal Engineering Methods (ICFEM 2005), 1-4 November 2005, Manchester, UK. Formal engineering methods are changing the way that systems are dev- oped. With language and tool support, these methods are being used for se- automatic code generation, and for the automatic abstraction and checking of implementations. In the future, they will be used at every stage of development: requirements,speci?cation,design,implementation,testing,anddocumentation. The aim of ICFEM 2005 was to bring together those interested in the - plication of formal engineering methods to computer systems. Researchers and practitioners, from industry, academia, and government, were encouraged to - tend, and to help advance the state of the art. The conference was supported by sponsorships from Microsoft Research, USA, the Software Engineers Association of Japan, the University of Man- ester, Manchester City Council, FormalMethods Europe (FME) and the British Computer Society FormalAspects ofComputing Specialist Group(BCS-FACS). We wish to thank these sponsors for their generosity. The ?nal programme consisted of 3 invited talks and 30 technical papers selected from a total of 74 submissions.The invited speakers were: Anthony Hall, independent consultant, UK; Egon B.. orger, University of Pisa, Italy; John Rushby, SRI, USA. Their talks were sponsored by BCS-FACS, Microsoft - search and FME respectively. We wish to thank the invited speakers for their inspiring talks.

ThisvolumecontainsselectedpapersofLOPSTR2000,theTenthInternational 1 WorkshoponLogic-basedProgramSynthesisandTransformation. Inadep- turefrompreviousyears,LOPSTR2000constitutedtheProgramDevelopment streamatCL2000,theFirstInternationalConferenceonComputationalLogic, heldatImperialCollege,London,on24-28July2000. ThismeantthattheLOPSTR2000ProgramCommitteewasalsotheCL2000 ProgramCommitteeforProgramDevelopment,andassuchhadtherespon- bilityforallProgramDevelopmentsubmissionstoCL2000,inadditiontothe usualLOPSTRabstracts. Asaresult,therewere18talksattheworkshop,with 2 fourpapersappearingintheproceedingsofCL2000, and14abstractsinthe 3 LOPSTR2000pre-proceedings. Inthisvolumewehavepapersbasedontenof theabstracts. So,paradoxically,thisvolumeisslimmerthanpreviousLOPSTRproce- ings,whilstthisyear'sProgramCommitteehavehadtodealwithmoresubm- sionsandmorecategoriesthanusual!Myheartfeltthanksgotoallthemembers oftheProgramCommitteefortheirhardandconscientiousworkinreviewing andselectingthe papersatvariousstages. Iwouldalsoliketo thankallthe additionalreviewersfortheire?ortsandprofessionalism.FororganizingCL2000,IwouldliketothanktheconferencechairMarek Sergot,theprogramchairJohnLloyd,andthelocalorganizersFrankKriwaczek andFrancescaToni. Theire?ortswerepivotalforthesuccessofCL2000. Finally, I would like to thank all the authors who submitted papers and alltheworkshopattendees. Yourcontinuedsupportiscrucialtothefutureof LOPSTR. ThenextLOPSTRworkshopwillbeheldinCyprus,withICLP2001 andCP2001. ItwillmarkthetenthanniversaryofLOPSTR,soIhopetosee manyofyouthere! March2001 Kung-KiuLau 1 http://www. cs. man. ac. uk/~kung-kiu/lopstr 2 J. W. Lloyd,V. Dahl,U. Furbach,M. Kerber,K. -K. Lau,C. Palamidessi,L. M. - reira,Y. Sagiv,P. Stuckey,editors,ComputationalLogic-CL2000,LectureNotes inArti?cialIntelligence 1861, Springer-Verlag,2000. 3 K. -K. Lau,editor, Pre-Proceedings of the Tenth International Workshop on Log- basedProgramSynthesisandTransformation, Technical Report UMCS-00-6-1, - partment of Computer Science, University of Manchester, June 2000. ISSN 1361- 6161. (Electronic version at: http://www. cs. man. ac. uk/cstechrep/Abstracts/ UMCS-00-6-1. html. ) Program Chair Kung-KiuLau UniversityofManchester,UK Program Committee DavidBasin Albert-Ludwigs-Universit..atFreiburg,Germany AnnalisaBossi Universit'aCa'FoscaridiVenezia,Italy AntonioBrogi Universit'adiPisa,Italy MauriceBruynooghe KatholiekeUniversiteitLeuven,Belgium MireilleDucass'e IRISA/INSA,France SandroEtalle UniversiteitMaastricht,TheNetherlands PierreFlener UppsalaUniversity,Sweden MichaelHanus Christian-Albrechts-Universit..atzuKiel,Germany IanHayes UniversityofQueensland,Australia ManuelHermenegildo TechnicalUniversityofMadrid,Spain PatriciaHill UniversityofLeeds,UK BaudouinLeCharlier UniversityofNamur,Belgium MichaelLeuschel UniversityofSouthampton,UK MichaelLowry NASAAmesResearchCenter,USA AliMili WestVirginiaUniversity,USA TorbenMogensen UniversityofCopenhagen,Denmark AlbertoPettorossi UniversityofRomeTorVergata,Italy DonSannella UniversityofEdinburgh,UK DougSmith KestrelInstitute,USA ZoltanSomogyi UniversityofMelbourne,Australia Additional Referees JamieAndrews IanGreen Germ'anPuebla AlessandroAvellone DavidHemer OlivierRidoux YvesBekkers BrahimHnich DaveRobertson FranciscoBueno EdKazmierczak SabinaRossi NicolettaCocco ZeynepK?z?ltan SalvatoreRuggieri RobertColvin ElviraPino JudithUnderwood MauroFerrari MaurizioProietti Germ'anVidal Table of Contents Synthesis AFormalFrameworkforSynthesisandVeri?cationofLogicPrograms ...1 AlessandroAvellone,MauroFerrariandCamilloFiorentini ProtocolsbetweenProgramsandProofs ...18 ImanPoernomoandJohnN. Crossley ATechniqueforModularLogicProgramRe?nement...38 RobertColvin,IanHayesandPaulStrooper Transformation Higher-OrderTransformationofLogicPrograms ...57 SilvijaSeresandMichaelSpivey Analysis Non-transformationalTerminationAnalysisofLogicPrograms, BasedonGeneralTerm-Orderings...69 AlexanderSerebrenikandDannyDeSchreye Specialisation AModelforInter-moduleAnalysisandOptimizingCompilation...86 FranciscoBueno,Mar'?aGarc'?adelaBanda,ManuelHermenegildo, KimMarriott,Germ'anPueblaandPeterJ. Stuckey MeasuringtheE?ectivenessofPartialEvaluation inFunctionalLogicLanguages...103 ElviraAlbert,SergioAntoyandGerm'anVidal AutomatedStrategiesforSpecializingConstraintLogicPrograms ...125 FabioFioravanti,AlbertoPettorossiandMaurizioProietti Abstract Interpretation MeasuringthePrecisionofAbstractInterpretations...147 AlessandraDiPierroandHerbertWiklicky VIII TableofContents Debugging SpecifyingPrologTraceModelswithaContinuationSemantics ...165 ErwanJahier,MireilleDucass'eandOlivierRidoux Author Index...

These are the proceedings of the First International Conference on Compu- tional Logic (CL 2000) which was held at Imperial College in London from 24th to 28th July, 2000. The theme of the conference covered all aspects of the theory, implementation, and application of computational logic, where computational logic is to be understood broadly as the use of logic in computer science. The conference was collocated with the following events: { 6th International Conference on Rules and Objects in Databases (DOOD 2000) { 10th International Workshop on Logic-based Program Synthesis and Tra- formation (LOPSTR 2000) { 10th International Conference on Inductive Logic Programming (ILP 2000). CL 2000 consisted of seven streams: { Program Development (LOPSTR 2000) { Logic Programming: Theory and Extensions { Constraints { Automated Deduction: Putting Theory into Practice { Knowledge Representation and Non-monotonic Reasoning { Database Systems (DOOD 2000) { Logic Programming: Implementations and Applications. The LOPSTR 2000 workshop constituted the program development stream and the DOOD 2000 conference constituted the database systems stream. Each stream had its own chair and program committee, which autonomously selected the papers in the area of the stream. Overall, 176 papers were submitted, of which 86 were selected to be presented at the conference and appear in these proceedings. The acceptance rate was uniform across the streams. In addition, LOPSTR 2000 accepted about 15 extended abstracts to be presented at the conference in the program development stream.

These are the proceedings of the First International Conference on Compu- tional Logic (CL 2000) which was held at Imperial College in London from 24th to 28th July, 2000. The theme of the conference covered all aspects of the theory, implementation, and application of computational logic, where computational logic is to be understood broadly as the use of logic in computer science. The conference was collocated with the following events: { 6th International Conference on Rules and Objects in Databases (DOOD 2000) { 10th International Workshop on Logic-based Program Synthesis and Tra- formation (LOPSTR 2000) { 10th International Conference on Inductive Logic Programming (ILP 2000). CL 2000 consisted of seven streams: { Program Development (LOPSTR 2000) { Logic Programming: Theory and Extensions { Constraints { Automated Deduction: Putting Theory into Practice { Knowledge Representation and Non-monotonic Reasoning { Database Systems (DOOD 2000) { Logic Programming: Implementations and Applications. The LOPSTR 2000 workshop constituted the program development stream and the DOOD 2000 conference constituted the database systems stream. Each stream had its own chair and program committee, which autonomously selected the papers in the area of the stream. Overall, 176 papers were submitted, of which 86 were selected to be presented at the conference and appear in these proceedings. The acceptance rate was uniform across the streams. In addition, LOPSTR 2000 accepted about 15 extended abstracts to be presented at the conference in the program development stream.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second European Conference on Service-Oriented and Cloud Computing, ESOCC 2013, held in Málaga, Spain, in September 2013. The 11 full papers presented together with 4 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 44 submissions. The volume also contains 3 papers from the industrial track. Service-oriented computing including Web services as its most important implementation platform has become the most important paradigm for distributed software development and application. The papers illustrate how cloud computing aims at enabling mobility as well as device, platform and/or service independence by offering centralized sharing of resources. It promotes interoperability, portability and security standards, and raises a completely new set of security issues.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second European Conference on Service-Oriented and Cloud Computing, ESOCC 2013, held in Málaga, Spain, in September 2013. The 11 full papers presented together with 4 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 44 submissions. The volume also contains 3 papers from the industrial track. Service-oriented computing including Web services as its most important implementation platform has become the most important paradigm for distributed software development and application. The papers illustrate how cloud computing aims at enabling mobility as well as device, platform and/or service independence by offering centralized sharing of resources. It promotes interoperability, portability and security standards, and raises a completely new set of security issues.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third European Conference on Service-Oriented and Cloud computing, ESOCC 2014, held in Manchester, UK, in September 2014. The 13 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 38 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on cloud technology, service composition, software development and cloud technology, cloud computing, industry track.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third European Conference on Service-Oriented and Cloud computing, ESOCC 2014, held in Manchester, UK, in September 2014. The 13 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 38 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on cloud technology, service composition, software development and cloud technology, cloud computing, industry track.

The book provides a comprehensive coverage of the widely accepted desiderata of component-based software development, as well as the foundations that these desiderata necessitate. Its unique focus is on component models, the cornerstone of component-based software development. In addition, it presents and analyses existing approaches according to these desiderata.This compendium is an indispensable textbook for an advance undergraduate or postgraduate course unit. Researchers will also find this volume an essential reference material.