Timor-Leste’s long journey to nationhood spans 450 years of colonial rule by Portugal, a short-lived independence in 1975, and a 24-year occupation by Indonesia. This book examines the history of nation-building and national identity in Timor-Leste, and the evolution of a collective identity through two consecutive colonial occupations, and into the post-independence era. It charts the evolution of the idea of an East Timorese nation: its origins, its sources, and its competitors in traditional understandings of political community, and the distinct colonial visions imposed by Portugal or Indonesia. The author analyses the evolution of ideas of collective identity under the long era of Portuguese colonial rule, and through the 24-year struggle for independence from Indonesia from 1975 to 1999. Reflecting the contested history of the territory, these include successive attempts to define its members as colonial subjects in a wider ‘pluri-racial’ Portuguese empire, as citizens in an ‘integrated’ province of the Republic of Indonesia – and, of course, as a nation that demanded its right to self-determination. Finally, the host of nation-building tensions and fault lines that emerged after the restoration of independence in 2002 are discussed.

Examining the history of debates and conflict over national identity, national history, cultural heritage, language policy, and relationships between distinct regions, generations, and language groups, this book will be of interest to academics in the fields of Asian studies, nationalism studies, and international and community development.

Timor-Leste’s long journey to nationhood spans 450 years of colonial rule by Portugal, a short-lived independence in 1975, and a 24-year occupation by Indonesia. This book examines the history of nation-building and national identity in Timor-Leste, and the evolution of a collective identity through two consecutive colonial occupations, and into the post-independence era. It charts the evolution of the idea of an East Timorese nation: its origins, its sources, and its competitors in traditional understandings of political community, and the distinct colonial visions imposed by Portugal or Indonesia. The author analyses the evolution of ideas of collective identity under the long era of Portuguese colonial rule, and through the 24-year struggle for independence from Indonesia from 1975 to 1999. Reflecting the contested history of the territory, these include successive attempts to define its members as colonial subjects in a wider ‘pluri-racial’ Portuguese empire, as citizens in an ‘integrated’ province of the Republic of Indonesia – and, of course, as a nation that demanded its right to self-determination. Finally, the host of nation-building tensions and fault lines that emerged after the restoration of independence in 2002 are discussed.

Examining the history of debates and conflict over national identity, national history, cultural heritage, language policy, and relationships between distinct regions, generations, and language groups, this book will be of interest to academics in the fields of Asian studies, nationalism studies, and international and community development.

Reflecting on the legacies of Timor-Leste''s remarkable journey from colonialism to sovereign and democratic Independence, the Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Timor-Leste provides a comprehensive and up-to-date reference work on all aspects of life in Timor-Leste.

Following an introduction and overview of the country, the Handbook is divided into five parts:

Written by an international team of experts, the Handbook covers the principle concerns that have contributed significantly to the shape and character of contemporary Timor-Leste. It offers a timely and valuable reference guide for students, scholars and policymakers with an interest in International Relations, Southeast Asian Studies and Peace Studies.

Reflecting on the legacies of Timor-Leste''s remarkable journey from colonialism to sovereign and democratic Independence, the Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Timor-Leste provides a comprehensive and up-to-date reference work on all aspects of life in Timor-Leste.

Following an introduction and overview of the country, the Handbook is divided into five parts:

Written by an international team of experts, the Handbook covers the principle concerns that have contributed significantly to the shape and character of contemporary Timor-Leste. It offers a timely and valuable reference guide for students, scholars and policymakers with an interest in International Relations, Southeast Asian Studies and Peace Studies.

Why do trees grow so tall? Are tomato plants really carnivorous? And why do mushrooms appear in rings? This exciting and eye-opening full-color hardback takes young readers on a journey of discovery through the kingdoms of plants and fungi. The chapters are divided by continent with annotated maps, demonstrating the extraordinary variety of our planet's life and showcasing many fascinating species that will be unfamiliar to most people. Includes:• Plants of the world• Plants under threat• How plants help people• How to help plants and the planet• Glossary of key termsBrimming over with beautiful illustrations, this volume presents a wonderful opportunity to discover lesser known lifeforms from all over the world, and to see familiar plants and fungi in a whole new light. Ideal for nature-loving kids aged 8+.

Young animal lovers will relish every page of this beautifully designed hardback encyclopedia to the animal kingdom, which showcases some of the world's most unusual and magnificent creatures with full-colour photography. The New Animal Encyclopedia brings together cutting-edge knowledge and awe-inspiring ideas with clarity and accuracy. From aardvarks to zebras, the wonders of nature spring to life, thanks to exceptional wildlife photography.Covering mammals, reptiles, birds, fish, amphibians, and invertebrates, this hardback reference guide is perfect for introducing children to our planet's most extraordinary inhabitants. They will discover the eating habits of basking sharks, the habitats of green flying frogs, the vibrant plumage of a toucan, and so much more.Every page is designed to maximise accessibility and engagement. Detailed factboxes make it easy for readers to find information and make comparisons. The large images throughout have been selected for their ability to intrigue and surprise, while the annotations draw attention to key features and provide an effective hook, making kids want to read on to learn more.Written with flair and clarity, this book functions as both an invaluable reference guide and an engaging read. It will provide inspiration for school projects, and a speedy way to find important facts for homework assignments.The authors - including Claudia Martin, Michael Leach, and Meriel Lland - have been selected for their world-class ability to convey information clearly to young readers without compromising accuracy; and they are supported by a range of expert consultants.With a beautiful foil-accented cover design, this visual encyclopedia has a place on every young reader's bookshelf, and makes an ideal gift for any child aged 8+.ABOUT THE SERIES: Arcturus New Encyclopedias are entertaining and visually spectacular reference guides for young readers, complete with eye-opening stats and fascinating facts with full-colour photography.

Children can set off on an extraordinary guided tour of the animal kingdom with this comprehensive reference book, brought to life with eye-opening full-colour wildlife photography.From the high-flying realm of the birds to the mysterious twilight world of deep-sea creatures, this smart visual guide introduces young readers to the incredible wonders of the animal kingdom. Find out about habitats, ecosystems, survival skills and more, through high-impact facts, astounding stats, and cutting-edge scientific knowledge. Accessible, entertaining, and authoritative, this comprehensive visual reference guide is the perfect introduction to the world of animals. This book supports the key stage 2 (KS2) curriculum and is great for home learning. Perfect for children aged 8+.ABOUT THE SERIES: Arcturus Discovery Library brings together wonderfully visual paperback reference guides for children, covering popular topics from animals to space!

Embark on a journey through the animal kingdom, the prehistoric world, space, and the depths of the oceans with this wide-ranging Q&A book! Inside, you'll discover questions and answers about everything from aadvarks to zebras, from seals and sharks to dinosaurs, and from planet Earth to the farthest reaches of our Universe. Packed with intriguing facts, the pages provide insights into many common subject areas of interest to children, and are accompanied by captivating photographs that showcase the beauty of our planet and beyond. Perfect for inquisitive kids aged 8+.

Contains astonishing Q&A facts that children will love to share.The question and answer format makes learning easy and enjoyable.

Embark on a journey through the animal kingdom with this wide-ranging Q&A book! Inside, you'll discover questions and answers about everything from aadvarks to zooplankton. Packed with intriguing facts, each page provides insights into the world of animals, accompanied by captivating photographs that showcase the beauty of the wild world. Perfect for inquisitive kids aged 8 and up.

Discover the wonders of the wild world!This exciting and eye-opening book takes young readers on a journey of discovery through the animal and plant kingdoms, demonstrating the extraordinary variety of our planet's wildlife.Expert authors Dr. Michael Leach and Dr. Meriel Lland have taken this opportunity to showcase many fascinating creatures and plants that will be unfamiliar to young readers, alongside household names.Brimming over with beautiful, full-colour illustrations, and meticulously researched throughout, this volume is the ideal gift for any young nature lover. It's packed with surprising facts and intriguing art. Inside you'll also find a large number of annotated maps, which give context to readers' discoveries.Ideal for readers aged 8+.

Timor-Leste’s long journey to nationhood spans 450 years of colonial rule by Portugal, a short-lived independence in 1975, and a 24-year occupation by Indonesia. This book examines the history of nation-building and national identity in Timor-Leste, and the evolution of a collective identity through two consecutive colonial occupations, and into the post-independence era. It charts the evolution of the idea of an East Timorese nation: its origins, its sources, and its competitors in traditional understandings of political community, and the distinct colonial visions imposed by Portugal or Indonesia. The author analyses the evolution of ideas of collective identity under the long era of Portuguese colonial rule, and through the 24-year struggle for independence from Indonesia from 1975 to 1999. Reflecting the contested history of the territory, these include successive attempts to define its members as colonial subjects in a wider ‘pluri-racial’ Portuguese empire, as citizens in an ‘integrated’ province of the Republic of Indonesia – and, of course, as a nation that demanded its right to self-determination. Finally, the host of nation-building tensions and fault lines that emerged after the restoration of independence in 2002 are discussed.

Examining the history of debates and conflict over national identity, national history, cultural heritage, language policy, and relationships between distinct regions, generations, and language groups, this book will be of interest to academics in the fields of Asian studies, nationalism studies, and international and community development.

Timor-Leste’s long journey to nationhood spans 450 years of colonial rule by Portugal, a short-lived independence in 1975, and a 24-year occupation by Indonesia. This book examines the history of nation-building and national identity in Timor-Leste, and the evolution of a collective identity through two consecutive colonial occupations, and into the post-independence era. It charts the evolution of the idea of an East Timorese nation: its origins, its sources, and its competitors in traditional understandings of political community, and the distinct colonial visions imposed by Portugal or Indonesia. The author analyses the evolution of ideas of collective identity under the long era of Portuguese colonial rule, and through the 24-year struggle for independence from Indonesia from 1975 to 1999. Reflecting the contested history of the territory, these include successive attempts to define its members as colonial subjects in a wider ‘pluri-racial’ Portuguese empire, as citizens in an ‘integrated’ province of the Republic of Indonesia – and, of course, as a nation that demanded its right to self-determination. Finally, the host of nation-building tensions and fault lines that emerged after the restoration of independence in 2002 are discussed.

Examining the history of debates and conflict over national identity, national history, cultural heritage, language policy, and relationships between distinct regions, generations, and language groups, this book will be of interest to academics in the fields of Asian studies, nationalism studies, and international and community development.

Reflecting on the legacies of Timor-Leste''s remarkable journey from colonialism to sovereign and democratic Independence, the Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Timor-Leste provides a comprehensive and up-to-date reference work on all aspects of life in Timor-Leste.

Following an introduction and overview of the country, the Handbook is divided into five parts:

Written by an international team of experts, the Handbook covers the principle concerns that have contributed significantly to the shape and character of contemporary Timor-Leste. It offers a timely and valuable reference guide for students, scholars and policymakers with an interest in International Relations, Southeast Asian Studies and Peace Studies.

Reflecting on the legacies of Timor-Leste''s remarkable journey from colonialism to sovereign and democratic Independence, the Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Timor-Leste provides a comprehensive and up-to-date reference work on all aspects of life in Timor-Leste.

Following an introduction and overview of the country, the Handbook is divided into five parts:

Written by an international team of experts, the Handbook covers the principle concerns that have contributed significantly to the shape and character of contemporary Timor-Leste. It offers a timely and valuable reference guide for students, scholars and policymakers with an interest in International Relations, Southeast Asian Studies and Peace Studies.

Why do trees grow so tall? Are tomato plants really carnivorous? And why do mushrooms appear in rings? This exciting and eye-opening full-color hardback takes young readers on a journey of discovery through the kingdoms of plants and fungi. The chapters are divided by continent with annotated maps, demonstrating the extraordinary variety of our planet's life and showcasing many fascinating species that will be unfamiliar to most people. Includes:• Plants of the world• Plants under threat• How plants help people• How to help plants and the planet• Glossary of key termsBrimming over with beautiful illustrations, this volume presents a wonderful opportunity to discover lesser known lifeforms from all over the world, and to see familiar plants and fungi in a whole new light. Ideal for nature-loving kids aged 8+.

Young animal lovers will relish every page of this beautifully designed hardback encyclopedia to the animal kingdom, which showcases some of the world's most unusual and magnificent creatures with full-colour photography. The New Animal Encyclopedia brings together cutting-edge knowledge and awe-inspiring ideas with clarity and accuracy. From aardvarks to zebras, the wonders of nature spring to life, thanks to exceptional wildlife photography.Covering mammals, reptiles, birds, fish, amphibians, and invertebrates, this hardback reference guide is perfect for introducing children to our planet's most extraordinary inhabitants. They will discover the eating habits of basking sharks, the habitats of green flying frogs, the vibrant plumage of a toucan, and so much more.Every page is designed to maximise accessibility and engagement. Detailed factboxes make it easy for readers to find information and make comparisons. The large images throughout have been selected for their ability to intrigue and surprise, while the annotations draw attention to key features and provide an effective hook, making kids want to read on to learn more.Written with flair and clarity, this book functions as both an invaluable reference guide and an engaging read. It will provide inspiration for school projects, and a speedy way to find important facts for homework assignments.The authors - including Claudia Martin, Michael Leach, and Meriel Lland - have been selected for their world-class ability to convey information clearly to young readers without compromising accuracy; and they are supported by a range of expert consultants.With a beautiful foil-accented cover design, this visual encyclopedia has a place on every young reader's bookshelf, and makes an ideal gift for any child aged 8+.ABOUT THE SERIES: Arcturus New Encyclopedias are entertaining and visually spectacular reference guides for young readers, complete with eye-opening stats and fascinating facts with full-colour photography.

Children can set off on an extraordinary guided tour of the animal kingdom with this comprehensive reference book, brought to life with eye-opening full-colour wildlife photography.From the high-flying realm of the birds to the mysterious twilight world of deep-sea creatures, this smart visual guide introduces young readers to the incredible wonders of the animal kingdom. Find out about habitats, ecosystems, survival skills and more, through high-impact facts, astounding stats, and cutting-edge scientific knowledge. Accessible, entertaining, and authoritative, this comprehensive visual reference guide is the perfect introduction to the world of animals. This book supports the key stage 2 (KS2) curriculum and is great for home learning. Perfect for children aged 8+.ABOUT THE SERIES: Arcturus Discovery Library brings together wonderfully visual paperback reference guides for children, covering popular topics from animals to space!

Embark on a journey through the animal kingdom, the prehistoric world, space, and the depths of the oceans with this wide-ranging Q&A book! Inside, you'll discover questions and answers about everything from aadvarks to zebras, from seals and sharks to dinosaurs, and from planet Earth to the farthest reaches of our Universe. Packed with intriguing facts, the pages provide insights into many common subject areas of interest to children, and are accompanied by captivating photographs that showcase the beauty of our planet and beyond. Perfect for inquisitive kids aged 8+.

Contains astonishing Q&A facts that children will love to share.The question and answer format makes learning easy and enjoyable.

Embark on a journey through the animal kingdom with this wide-ranging Q&A book! Inside, you'll discover questions and answers about everything from aadvarks to zooplankton. Packed with intriguing facts, each page provides insights into the world of animals, accompanied by captivating photographs that showcase the beauty of the wild world. Perfect for inquisitive kids aged 8 and up.

Discover the wonders of the wild world!This exciting and eye-opening book takes young readers on a journey of discovery through the animal and plant kingdoms, demonstrating the extraordinary variety of our planet's wildlife.Expert authors Dr. Michael Leach and Dr. Meriel Lland have taken this opportunity to showcase many fascinating creatures and plants that will be unfamiliar to young readers, alongside household names.Brimming over with beautiful, full-colour illustrations, and meticulously researched throughout, this volume is the ideal gift for any young nature lover. It's packed with surprising facts and intriguing art. Inside you'll also find a large number of annotated maps, which give context to readers' discoveries.Ideal for readers aged 8+.