Takeshi Saito - Böcker

This is the English translation of the original Japanese book. In this volume, 'Fermat's Dream', core theories in modern number theory are introduced. Developments are given in elliptic curves, $p$-adic numbers, the $\zeta$-function, and the number fields. This work presents an elegant perspective on the wonder of numbers. Number Theory 2 on class field theory, and Number Theory 3 on Iwasawa theory and the theory of modular forms, are forthcoming in the series.

This book, the second of three related volumes on number theory, is the English translation of the original Japanese book. Here, the idea of class field theory, a highlight in algebraic number theory, is first described with many concrete examples. A detailed account of proofs is thoroughly exposited in the final chapter. The authors also explain the local-global method in number theory, including the use of ideles and adeles. Basic properties of zeta and $L$-functions are established and used to prove the prime number theorem and the Dirichlet theorem on prime numbers in arithmetic progressions. With this book, the reader can enjoy the beauty of numbers and obtain fundamental knowledge of modern number theory. The translation of the first volume was published as Number Theory 1: Fermat's Dream, Translations of Mathematical Monographs (Iwanami Series in Modern Mathematics), vol. 186, American Mathematical Society, 2000.

This is the third of three related volumes on number theory. (The first two volumes were also published in the Iwanami Series in Modern Mathematics, as volumes 186 and 240.) The two main topics of this book are Iwasawa theory and modular forms. The presentation of the theory of modular forms starts with several beautiful relations discovered by Ramanujan and leads to a discussion of several important ingredients, including the zeta-regularized products, Kronecker's limit formula, and the Selberg trace formula. The presentation of Iwasawa theory focuses on the Iwasawa main conjecture, which establishes far-reaching relations between a $p$-adic analytic zeta function and a determinant defined from a Galois action on some ideal class groups. This book also contains a short exposition on the arithmetic of elliptic curves and the proof of Fermat's last theorem by Wiles. Together with the first two volumes, this book is a good resource for anyone learning or teaching modern algebraic number theory.

This book, together with the companion volume, Fermat's Last Theorem: The Proof, presents in full detail the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem given by Wiles and Taylor. With these two books, the reader will be able to see the whole picture of the proof to appreciate one of the deepest achievements in the history of mathematics. Crucial arguments, including the so-called $3$-$5$ trick, $R=T$ theorem, etc., are explained in depth. The proof relies on basic background materials in number theory and arithmetic geometry, such as elliptic curves, modular forms, Galois representations, deformation rings, modular curves over the integer rings, Galois cohomology, etc. The first four topics are crucial for the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem; they are also very important as tools in studying various other problems in modern algebraic number theory. The remaining topics will be treated in the second book to be published in the same series in 2014. In order to facilitate understanding the intricate proof, an outline of the whole argument is described in the first preliminary chapter, and more details are summarised in later chapters.

This is the second volume of the book on the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem by Wiles and Taylor (the first volume is published in the same series; see MMONO/243). Here the detail of the proof announced in the first volume is fully exposed. The book also includes basic materials and constructions in number theory and arithmetic geometry that are used in the proof.In the first volume the modularity lifting theorem on Galois representations has been reduced to properties of the deformation rings and the Hecke modules. The Hecke modules and the Selmer groups used to study deformation rings are constructed, and the required properties are established to complete the proof.The reader can learn basics on the integral models of modular curves and their reductions modulo $p$ that lay the foundation of the construction of the Galois representations associated with modular forms. More background materials, including Galois cohomology, curves over integer rings, the Neron models of their Jacobians, etc., are also explained in the text and in the appendices.

Ramification groups of local fields are essential tools for studying boundary behaviour in geometric objects and the degeneration of Galois representations. This book presents a comprehensive development of the recently established theory of upper ramification groups of local fields with imperfect residue fields, starting from the foundations. It also revisits classical theory, including the Hasse-Arf theorem, and offers an optimal generalisation via log monogenic extensions. The conductor of Galois representations, defined through ramification groups, has numerous geometric applications, notably the celebrated Grothendieck-Ogg-Shafarevich formula. A new proof of the Deligne-Kato formula is also provided; this result plays a pivotal role in the theory of characteristic cycles. With a foundational understanding of commutative rings and Galois theory, graduate students and researchers will be well-equipped to engage with this rich area of arithmetic geometry.