Patientsäkerhet

Vårdhygien är samlingsnamnet för alla de rutiner och åtgärder som görs för att minska antalet vårdrelaterade infektioner. Enligt forskning borde 30 procent eller fler av de vårdrelaterade infektionerna kunna förebyggas. Vårdhygien hamnar i fokus när spridningen av antibiotikaresistenta bakterier ökar och nya typer av samhällsfarliga epidemiska infektionssjukdomar uppstår.

I boken beskrivs de mikroorganismer som orsakar vårdrelaterade infektioner, principer för antibiotikabehandling, antibiotikaresistenta bakterier, infektionsrisker vid olika typer av behandlingar och ingrepp, förebyggande åtgärder, hur smittspridning går till inom sjukvården, åtgärder för att förhindra smitta, rutiner som ska fungera – som till exempel städning, tvätthantering och desinfektion. Vidare görs en genomgång av hur smittskydd och vårdhygien är organiserat i Sverige, av lagar och förordningar, föreskrifter och allmänna råd och slutligen vart en patient som har synpunkter eller klagomål kan vända sig.

Boken riktar sig till studerande och yrkesverksamma inom hälso- och sjukvården. Den kan med fördel även läsas av beslutsfattare inom hälso- och sjukvården, journalister och allmänhet för att ge ökad kunskap på området.

Om författarenGöran Hedin är legitimerad läkare, specialist i klinisk mikrobiologi, medicine doktor och även magister i smittskydd och vårdhygien. Han har forskat om laboratoriemetoder för att upptäcka antibiotikaresistens hos bakterier och smittspridningsvägar inom sjukvården.

Sin nuvarande yrkesroll har han inom klinisk mikrobiologi men han har även arbetat som hygienläkare, bland annat på Karolinska universitetssjukhuset, Stockholm. Inom CEN, den europeiska standardiseringsorganisationen, representerar han Sverige som specialist på desinfektionsmedel.

Sagt om boken"En god introduktion till det breda ämnet vårdhygien", menar Jon Edman Wallér, doktorand, ST-läkare i klinisk mikrobiologi och vårdhygien, i Lakartidningen.se 2021-01-18.

"Boken är ytterst genomarbetad och detaljerad. Vissa avsnitt övergår lekmannens nivå men ansatsen och bredden i framställningen i kombination med angelägenhetsgraden gör Vårdhygien till obligatorisk läsning inom vård och omsorg." Helhetsbetyg: 4. Publicerat i BTJ-häftet nr 21, 2020. Skrivet av lektör Matts Lindberg.

Hälso- och sjukvård ska bedrivas så att kravet på god vård uppfylls. En god vård förutsätter att vårdgivaren tillsammans med personalen strävar efter att förebygga vårdskador för att uppnå en hög patientsäkerhet. De grundläggande bestämmelserna om patientsäkerhet finns i patientsäkerhetslagen (2010:659).

I Patientsäkerhetslagen. En kommentar beskrivs innebörden och bakgrunden till bestämmelserna i patientsäkerhetslagen. Ett stort antal rättsfall redovisas för att belysa viktiga rättsfrågor och tillämpningen av lagen.

Boken riktar sig till alla som kommer i kontakt med patientsäkerhetsfrågor inom hälso- och sjukvården, t.ex. vårdgivare, hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal, kvalitetssamordnare och jurister, liksom till utbildningar för sådana yrken.

Den första upplagan skrevs av Lars-Åke Johnsson. Från och med upplaga 2 svarar Ebba Sverne Arvill och Anders Printz gemensamt för innehållet. De har tillsammans även gett ut Hälso- och sjukvårdslagen och Patientens rätt och vårdens ansvar.

Of previous editions:

''... breaks new ground in its readability … It is concise, wise, and firmly pragmatic''. British Medical Journal

''Since it was first published in 1994, Peter Tate’s The Doctor’s Communication Handbook has been essential reading to improve GP registrars’ communication skills''. Practical Diabetes International

This bestselling title has established itself as the ultimate guide to patient communication for all doctors, whatever their experience and wherever they practice. Highly respected by many and acclaimed for its light, conversational tone, this completely updated and expanded eighth edition remains a key text for doctors at all levels and in all settings, particularly candidates sitting for the Membership of the Royal College of General Practitioners.

Key features:

As patients become participants, doctors are increasingly adjusting to new roles and forms of communication − from orators and governors to confidants and interpreters. The Doctor''s Communication Handbook continues to provide an invaluable ''one stop shop'' to help students, practicing doctors, nurses and other healthcare practitioners value and improve their skills in this area.

According to the National Patient Safety Foundation, about 440,000 deaths from hospital mistakes are expected in 2018. These mistakes are preventable, but the number of deaths has been increasing for the last two decades instead of decreasing. This book describes how to prevent deaths at very low cost and get very high return on investment (ROI).

The unique feature of this book is that it teaches the tools of innovation that anyone can master. It teaches healthcare staff how to manage innovation efficiently and quickly, because each patient life is critical. This second edition points out why the present methods are ineffective and shows how to find elegant solutions that are simple, comprehensive, and produce high return on investments.

The second edition contains all updated material with the addition of a new chapter on systems engineering for robust improvements, a practice that has been applied in most high-risk industries, such as aerospace, defense, and NASA, for years. It aims at redesigning systems to make sure right things, right coordination and right integration happens in healthcare systems.

According to the National Patient Safety Foundation, about 440,000 deaths from hospital mistakes are expected in 2018. These mistakes are preventable, but the number of deaths has been increasing for the last two decades instead of decreasing. This book describes how to prevent deaths at very low cost and get very high return on investment (ROI).

The unique feature of this book is that it teaches the tools of innovation that anyone can master. It teaches healthcare staff how to manage innovation efficiently and quickly, because each patient life is critical. This second edition points out why the present methods are ineffective and shows how to find elegant solutions that are simple, comprehensive, and produce high return on investments.

The second edition contains all updated material with the addition of a new chapter on systems engineering for robust improvements, a practice that has been applied in most high-risk industries, such as aerospace, defense, and NASA, for years. It aims at redesigning systems to make sure right things, right coordination and right integration happens in healthcare systems.

Patient-centered care is a way of thinking and doing things that considers patients partners in the development of a healthcare plan designed to meet their specific needs. It involves knowledge of the individual as a person and integrates that knowledge into their plan of care.

Patient-centered care is central to the discussion of healthcare at the insurance and hospital-level. The quality of the service is evaluated more deeply from all the healthcare components, including insurance payments. It is the start of a new client- and patient-centered healthcare, which is based on a profound respect for patients and the obligation to care for them in partnership with them.

Healthcare has been lacking a strategy to teach patients how to take care of themselves as much as they possibly can. In countries with socialized healthcare, patients don’t go to the emergency room unless it is necessary; they have a physician on call instead. This affords more personalized care and avoids patients getting lost in the hospital system.

This book advocates the critical role of patients in the health system and the need to encourage healthy living. We need to educate patients on how to be more self-aware, giving them the tools to better understand what they need to do to achieve healthy lifestyles, and the protocols and policies to sustain a better life.

Prevention has always been the pinnacle of medical care. It’s time to highlight and share this approach with patients and involve them as active participants in their own healthcare. This is the method on which to build the new healthcare for the next century.

Patient-centered care is a way of thinking and doing things that considers patients partners in the development of a healthcare plan designed to meet their specific needs. It involves knowledge of the individual as a person and integrates that knowledge into their plan of care.

Patient-centered care is central to the discussion of healthcare at the insurance and hospital-level. The quality of the service is evaluated more deeply from all the healthcare components, including insurance payments. It is the start of a new client- and patient-centered healthcare, which is based on a profound respect for patients and the obligation to care for them in partnership with them.

Healthcare has been lacking a strategy to teach patients how to take care of themselves as much as they possibly can. In countries with socialized healthcare, patients don’t go to the emergency room unless it is necessary; they have a physician on call instead. This affords more personalized care and avoids patients getting lost in the hospital system.

This book advocates the critical role of patients in the health system and the need to encourage healthy living. We need to educate patients on how to be more self-aware, giving them the tools to better understand what they need to do to achieve healthy lifestyles, and the protocols and policies to sustain a better life.

Prevention has always been the pinnacle of medical care. It’s time to highlight and share this approach with patients and involve them as active participants in their own healthcare. This is the method on which to build the new healthcare for the next century.

Based on the IOM''s estimate of 44,000 deaths annually, medical errors rank as the eighth leading cause of death in the U.S. Clearly medical errors are an epidemic that needs to be contained. Despite these numbers, patient safety and medical errors remain an issue for physicians and other clinicians. This book bridges the issues related to patient safety by providing clinically relevant, vignette-based description of the areas where most problems occur. Each vignette highlights a particular issue such as communication, human facturs, E.H.R., etc. and provides tools and strategies for improving quality in these areas and creating a safer environment for patients.

Based on the IOM''s estimate of 44,000 deaths annually, medical errors rank as the eighth leading cause of death in the U.S. Clearly medical errors are an epidemic that needs to be contained. Despite these numbers, patient safety and medical errors remain an issue for physicians and other clinicians. This book bridges the issues related to patient safety by providing clinically relevant, vignette-based description of the areas where most problems occur. Each vignette highlights a particular issue such as communication, human facturs, E.H.R., etc. and provides tools and strategies for improving quality in these areas and creating a safer environment for patients.

The healthcare industry is changing daily. With the advent of the Affordable Care Act and now the changes being made by the current administration, the financial outlook for healthcare is uncertain. Along with natural disasters, new diseases, and ransomware new challenges have developed for the healthcare security professional. One of the top security issues effecting hospitals today is workplace violence. People don’t usually act violently out of the blue. There are warning signs that can be missed or don’t get reported or, if they are reported, they may not be properly assessed and acted upon. Healthcare facilities need to have policies and procedures that require reporting of threatening or unusual behaviors. Having preventive policies and procedures in place is the first step in mitigating violence and providing a safe and security hospital.

Persons working in the healthcare security field need to have information and tools that will allow them to work effectively within the healthcare climate. This holds true for security as well. Security professionals need to understand their risks and work to effectively mitigate threats. The author describes training techniques that can be accomplished within a limited budget. He explains how to manage staff more efficiently in order to save money and implement strategic plans to help acquire resources within a restricted revenue environment. Processes to manage emergent events, provide risk assessments, evaluate technology and understand information technology. The future of healthcare is uncertain, but proactive prevention and effective resolution provide the resources necessary to meet the challenges of the current and future healthcare security environment.

This book investigates the scientific basis and efficacy of acupuncture and the quality of training and standards of competence in its practitioners. Patients are increasingly asking about CAM alternatives to orthodox medical practices as they fear the side-effects of ever more potent traditional drug therapy.

The book discusses the important issues of safety and the education and training of acupuncture specialists. In addition the book investigates GP''s attitudes to acupunture and the extent to which they offer the treatment to their patients.

This book investigates the scientific basis and efficacy of acupuncture and the quality of training and standards of competence in its practitioners. Patients are increasingly asking about CAM alternatives to orthodox medical practices as they fear the side-effects of ever more potent traditional drug therapy.

The book discusses the important issues of safety and the education and training of acupuncture specialists. In addition the book investigates GP''s attitudes to acupunture and the extent to which they offer the treatment to their patients.

In patient care, inaccuracy often leads to error: the patient does not receive the right medication, the nurse is mistaken about the patient, the doctor is mistaken about the condition. Human error in care is now a well-known occurrence, and medicine has borrowed many tools from aviation to improve safety, such as simulation training, limitation of working time, use of checklists, and so forth. All these tools contribute to improving human factors in healthcare.

Often due to the lack of communication between professionals, healthcare accidents are avoidable. The only solution is the standardization of communication through phraseology. But make no mistake, the subject of communication is vast and much more complex to teach than we imagine. Communication is not only an exchange of words, of meaning, of a sender-receiver scheme; it also carries the essence of all social and cooperative life by its tone, by its moment, by the listening and availability it demands from the other person, by the words chosen, by those not said voluntarily, and those referred to as “tacit” (what we no longer need to say but the other guesses).

The Medical Phraseology Guide for Superior Patient Safety: How to Improve Communications Between Caregivers, through concrete and proven examples, gives readers the keys to improve communication with their healthcare colleagues. The author proposes 26 rules that are detailed and easy applicable in everyday life. These rules are inspired by the tools and checklist developed and used by commercial airline pilots. Today, more than ever, caregivers face new situations, and they have to adapt to caring for an unusual number of patients, sometimes in new environments. Given this new environment, it becomes clear that teamwork and communication are indispensable tools for improving efficiency and safety in patient care.

In patient care, inaccuracy often leads to error: the patient does not receive the right medication, the nurse is mistaken about the patient, the doctor is mistaken about the condition. Human error in care is now a well-known occurrence, and medicine has borrowed many tools from aviation to improve safety, such as simulation training, limitation of working time, use of checklists, and so forth. All these tools contribute to improving human factors in healthcare.

Often due to the lack of communication between professionals, healthcare accidents are avoidable. The only solution is the standardization of communication through phraseology. But make no mistake, the subject of communication is vast and much more complex to teach than we imagine. Communication is not only an exchange of words, of meaning, of a sender-receiver scheme; it also carries the essence of all social and cooperative life by its tone, by its moment, by the listening and availability it demands from the other person, by the words chosen, by those not said voluntarily, and those referred to as “tacit” (what we no longer need to say but the other guesses).

The Medical Phraseology Guide for Superior Patient Safety: How to Improve Communications Between Caregivers, through concrete and proven examples, gives readers the keys to improve communication with their healthcare colleagues. The author proposes 26 rules that are detailed and easy applicable in everyday life. These rules are inspired by the tools and checklist developed and used by commercial airline pilots. Today, more than ever, caregivers face new situations, and they have to adapt to caring for an unusual number of patients, sometimes in new environments. Given this new environment, it becomes clear that teamwork and communication are indispensable tools for improving efficiency and safety in patient care.

This book promotes an understanding of the purposeful muddling that health care workers rely on to be better able to function and operate in the multitude of complex ecosystems we call "health care."

The book argues the case for the importance of recognising and understanding muddling behaviours, practices and activities in order to create resilient care. The book demonstrates how resilient health care principles can enable managers as well as those on the frontlines to work more effectively towards interdisciplinary care by gaining a deeper understanding of real-world practices that manifest in everyday clinical settings. This is done by presenting a set of case studies, theoretical chapters and applications that relate experiences, bring forth ideas and illustrate practical solutions.

Primarily aimed at people who are directly involved in the running and improvement of health care systems, it provides practical guidance. It is also of direct interest to health care professionals in clinical and managerial positions as well as researchers.

Jeffrey Braithwaite is Founding Director of the Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Professor of Health Systems Research and Director of the Centre for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Science, Macquarie University (Australia). His research examines the changing nature of complex health systems and he has received over 50 different national and international awards for his teaching and research.

Erik Hollnagel is Senior Professor of Patient Safety at Jönköping University (Sweden). He is a highly regarded international expert with significant contributions to a variety of fields ranging from nuclear power generation, aerospace and aviation to industry, transportation and, most notably, health care.

Garthe Hunte is a Clinical Professor and Emergency Physician holding multiple academic and clinical leadership appointments across Canada. His research programme centres around how safety is created in complex socio-technical systems, and in the application of resilience engineering in health care.