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Cognitive Decline - Strategies for Prevention examines the problems associated with our understanding of the ageing brain, whether or not such decline is inevitable and if there are practical steps which can be taken to prevent or minimise cognitive decline in late life. Preventive medical strategies have primarily targeted the top three causes of death in the developed world: heart disease, cancer and stroke. Less attention to date has been paid to cognitive decline and dementia, possible because the generally held view has been that little of nothing could be done to help them. Our knowledge has grown rapidly and it is becoming clear that preventative strategies are now viable. Cognitive Decline - Strategies for Prevention brings together a group of leading researchers to assess and make practical recommendations about the strategies currently available. The chapters assess how 'normal' cognitive ageing should be defined and what the genetic, medical, psychological and environmental factors are which can adversely affect optimal cognitive function in late life. It then examines how 'healthy living' strategies can be employed throughout life to prevent cognitive decline in later years and what are the research strategies which promise new approaches to prevention in the future.

This is the third edition of a comprehensive book covering all aspects of perioperative and peripartum anaesthesia. Previous editions have been very well received (see reviews of the first two editions below) and this book builds on their success to be an essential purchase for all trainee and practising anaesthetists, as well as providing a valuable resource for other hospital and particularly theatre-based personnel such as surgeons, obstetricians, operating department practitioners, theatre nurses, midwives, etc. The sections on medical disorders and anaesthestic problems, and on emergency conditions arising during anaesthesia or the immediate postoperative period have been expanded to include over 30 new entries and rare and unusual syndromes have been incorporated into these two main sections for ease of quick reference. The book also features a valuable list of abbreviations and a fully updated appendix containing useful addresses, telephone numbers and website details.

Minimally invasive or laparoscopic surgery is becoming increasingly commonplace, as technology has enabled a minimally invasive approach to be offered as a feasible alternative to conventional open surgery for a number of important surgical procedures. This comprehensive, but concise and practically oriented introduction to the subject was first published in 2004 and will be of value to all anaesthetists with an interest in minimally invasive techniques. It begins by covering the key aspects of basic physiology, moves on to patient preparation and positioning, monitoring, the anaesthetic procedures themselves (including possible complications and contraindications and easy-to-follow 'how to' guides for a number of key procedures) and, finally, post-operative pain. Written by a leading expert in the field, from a well-known European centre of excellence, it is essential reading for anaesthetists and intensivists at all levels of expertise.

The need for specialist knowledge of the laws governing the regulation of medicines has become apparent. This is the case among not only lawyers but also hospitals, researchers, prescribers and many others involved in the provision of healthcare. Such a need has been precipitated by a number of factors, including the changing structure of healthcare in the UK and Europe and the various changes in regulation that have arisen both from challenges in the courts and from the intervention of public bodies. However, the information available to those involved in the complex interrelations between medicines, medical devices and the law have remained scarce. This book aims to address this situation by bringing together the knowledge of the laws governing the regulation of medicines ranging across the field from the ethics of the use of medicines in treatment and research, through to drug-induced injury, civil liability and no-fault compensation schemes.

This volume has been written by the editors of Fundamentals of Anaesthesia: 2nd Edition and The Clinical Anaesthesia Viva Book, two best-selling GMM titles for trainee anaesthetists. As well as the usual QBase features that allow candidates to practice, mark, resit and infinitely customise MCQ examinations using the free QBase CD-ROM, this volume has the added value of being cross-referenced throughout to 'Fundamentals of Anaesthesia: 2nd Edition'.

This advanced textbook provides the reader with an up-to-date account of recent developments and future potential in the study of human skeletons from both an archaeological and forensic context. It is well-illustrated, comprehensive in its coverage and is divided into six sections for ease of reference, encompassing such areas as palaeodemography, juvenile health and growth, disease and trauma, normal skeletal variation, biochemical and microscopic analyses and facial reconstruction. Each chapter is written by a recognised specialist in the field, and includes in-depth discussion of the reliability of methods, with appropriate references, and current and future research directions. It is essential reading for all students undertaking osteology as part of their studies and will also prove a valuable reference for forensic scientists, both in the field and the laboratory.

Synthesis of Psychiatric Cases is aimed at the clinical part of postgraduate psychiatry examinations. Each chapter gives clear information on a classic case. In addition, a number of hypothetical cases are included in order to illustrate how varied presentations can be and that the important issues for one case are not necessarily the same as another, despite a similar diagnosis. The book incorporates DSMIV diagnostic criteria together with essential differential diagnoses and management plans. This allows the trainee to build on their theoretical knowledge whilst at the same time emphasising the relevant clinical issues for each patient.

Nurses working within the expanded role of prescriber will frequently be faced with prescribing decisions. This text provides easily accessible information upon which to base these decisions, ensuring safe and effective prescribing practices. Each chapter examines the preparations available to nurses in the extended formulary and their effects on the human body. Information including product dosage, contraindications, side effects, drug interactions, and specific nursing points is presented in detail. This text provides key background information from the relevant life sciences, as it applies to modern clinical practice. The authors have brought together widely available information in the form of a single, easy to use, practice-based text, which, in conjunction with the BNF, Drug Tariff and manufacturers' product information sheets, provides an essential guide to nurse prescribing.

An authoritative handbook covering the management of all types of cancer, with an emphasis on those aspects of care of the cancer patient which are of particular interest in the community, for example the presentation of cancer and palliative care. The specialist management of different types of cancer is also covered, with particular regard being paid to the requirements of shared care in the community and the supportive care needed for the treatment of side effects and complications.

This book was written in response to legislation enabling nurses to prescribe and thus expand their role within the NHS. It is divided into 9 chapters examining in detail each of the groups of products described in the Nurse Prescribing Formulary (NPF). The authors have adopted a standardised chapter format throughout, beginning with a sound understanding of the basic pharmacology of each preparation, and building on this to incorporate relevant anatomical and physiological information, an examination of the modes of action of the drugs covered, as well as their doses, common side effects, and contraindications. Important issues related to patient assessment, evaluation and education are also highlighted. There is also an important opening chapter on the legal and professional aspects of nurse prescribing.

An understanding of critical care is vital to the modern surgeon, who is often responsible for patients requiring intensive care or high-dependency support. Key Questions in Surgical Critical Care has been designed as a companion to Surgical Critical Care, by Robert Ashford and Neal Evans, and is split into two main sections, multiple choice questions and viva topics. Based on the syllabus of the Royal College of Surgeons, each of these two sections is further subdivided into six sub-sections covering the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, other systems and multisystem failure, problems in intensive care, principles of intensive care and practical procedures. The MCQs and viva topics provided are typical of those appearing in the MRCS examination, and the authors provide detailed explanatory notes to accompany each answer, almost all of which are cross-referenced directly to the relevant pages of Surgical Critical Care, as well as other sources of further reading.

The rapid acceptance of immunohistochemistry as an important and even indispensable adjunct to morphological examination and diagnosis requires the modern anatomical pathology laboratory to be conversant with, and proficient in, immunostaining procedures, as well as methods of tissue processing and antigen retrieval and the underlying characteristics of the increasing number of antibodies and antisera available. This fully revised, expanded and updated edition provides a comprehensive list of antisera and monoclonal antibodies that have useful diagnostic applications in tissue sections and cell preparations. Various clones, which are commercially available to detect the same antigen, are listed and the sensitivities and specificities of the antibodies are discussed. Importantly, the authors, all pathologists with a wealth of experience in immunostaining procedures, provide fully referenced details and expert advice on each reagent, with the reader will find invaluable. Finally, the appendices provide easily accessible and clear summaries of selected antibody panels for specific diagnostic situations, details of heat-induced antigen/epitope retrieval (including the use of microwaves) and a useful reference to the websites of the main antibody suppliers.

Recent Advances in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, volume 23 is the latest volume in this very successful and long-established series (previously entitled Recent Advances in Anaesthesia and Analgesia) to present a collection of cutting-edge topics for anaesthetists. It has been compiled by some of the world's leading authorities in their subjects and builds on the successful formula of the previous volumes. As the title suggests, these latest volumes have increased input from the field of intensive care, and the emphasis remains on producing articles of high quality and interest to the reader while providing exceptional value for money. This volume is recommended reading for trainee and practising anaesthetists and intensivists at all levels of experience.

What we have sought in this collection of 'Top Tips' (how to do it) and 'Caveats' (how not to do it) is to compile the Pearls of Wisdom that have been passed down from colleagues all around the world. These are the small details of practice which we have come to rely on when the going gets tough. Most of them are too obscure or even downright strange to make the main stream text books. Many are not 'evidence based'. We are not seeking to rival the Cochrane database but do believe that, worthy as the scholarly collection may be, there is still a place in medicine for skill, artistry and individualism. We are merely trying to spread the word slightly further and perhaps add another string to a few bows, for those times when the available options seem a little limited.

This new and fully updated edition of Anaesthetic Aide-Memoire provides a compilation of key lists, numerical data, physiological and pharmacological formulae, procedural algorithms, important information on illnesses pertaining to anaesthesia, data on equipment, clinical measurement, and intensive care management that will serve as a valuable quick reference for senior anaesthetists in training and for consultants in anaesthesia. It is the ideal first reference source to consult when a fact, statistic, or formula eludes the memory, and as such will also prove to be a useful aid to teaching. It will also be useful for candidates for the FRCA examination who will already understand the basic physiology and pharmacology underpinning anaesthesia but who need reminding occasionally in a clear, concise, didactic way.

Clinical decisions in modern medical practice are increasingly influenced by ethical and legal issues, but few doctors have been formally trained in medical law and ethics, and are unsure of potential sources of accessible information, which leaves them exposed to public criticism and the threat of legal action. Perioperative medicine and critical care are, by their very nature, subjects in which issues of autonomy, dignity, consent, confidentiality, medical research, life and death decision making, and the rationing of health care resources are ever-present. This book provides a straightforward but comprehensive one-stop reference and should be essential reading for all medical and allied health care professionals who encounter ethicolegal problems during their management of patients.

This book is designed specifically for candidates preparing for the MRCS Viva examination. The format of the exam has been used in the book's structure, with over 1000 questions to illustrate the key points of over 200 topics. The book has been divided into 6 main chapters corresponding to a viva 'station' in the exam. Each chapter begins with a check-list of the main topics and themes covered by the exam, and information is then subdivided logically within the chapter itself. Key 'pass-or-fail' concepts are covered, and in some cases, topics are covered in more detail than will be asked in the exam, so the candidate can be confident that they will be fully prepared.

The need for specialist knowledge of the laws governing the regulation of medicines has become apparent. This is the case among not only lawyers but also hospitals, researchers, prescribers and many others involved in the provision of healthcare. Such a need has been precipitated by a number of factors, including the changing structure of healthcare in the UK and Europe and the various changes in regulation that have arisen both from challenges in the courts and from the intervention of public bodies. However, the information available to those involved in the complex interrelations between medicines, medical devices and the law have remained scarce. This book aims to address this situation by bringing together the knowledge of the laws governing the regulation of medicines ranging across the field from the ethics of the use of medicines in treatment and research, through to drug-induced injury, civil liability and no-fault compensation schemes.

Developments in biochemistry have contributed immensely to the rate at which medical knowledge has expended in recent years. Following the GMC recommendations regarding undergraduate medical education, Biochemistry for Clinical Medicine integrates, in a single volume, all aspects of biochemistry required by a medical student, with a special focus on information specific to medicine as opposed to laboratory-based biochemistry. The first section of the book provides an understanding of basic cell biology and the critical concepts of membrane transport, cellular energetics, information storage, transmission and expression, as well as describing the essential chemistry and metabolism of cellular biomolecules and the clinical conditions that arise from disturbances in their metabolism. The second section adopts a systems-based approach to present clinical biochemistry in an easily readable and concise manner, using tables and clear diagrams to summarise important facts, as well as providing information on the biochemical basis of good nutrition.

The modern obstetric anaesthetist must not only provide safe and effective pain-relief in labour and anaesthesia for Caesarean section, but also understand the wider role of the anaesthetist in the management of the pregnant woman. Originally published in 2002, Textbook of Obstetric Anaesthesia is a comprehensive, fully illustrated account of all aspects of modern obstetric anaesthesia. It provides useful, practical, evidence-based information on all aspects of labour ward management. Written by a multidisciplinary team of expert contributors, it features comprehensive chapters covering everything from departmental audit to cutting-edge practice for neonatal resuscitation and administration of mobile epidurals. It will be useful for both the trainee and practising obstetric anaesthetist.

In the light of increased awareness of the legal as well as clinical implications of misdiagnosis of pathological specimens, this book provides the trainee and practising histo- and cytopathologist with a comprehensive review of the potential pitfalls encountered in a number of key diagnostic areas (cervical screening, breast cancer screening, pigmented lesions of the skin, lymphoproliferative disease, disease of the gastrointestinal tract and disease of the genito-urinary system). Each chapter has been written by a recognised expert in the organ or organ system concerned and, with the aid of full colour histo- and cytopathological specimens throughout, outlines the most important diagnostic and differential diagnostic features and indicates not only where confident diagnosis can sometimes prove problematic, but also how best to avoid these potential pitfalls in the first instance.

QNotes for the MRCP Part 1 works alongside the Royal College of Physicians published Part 1 MCQ papers from 1996 and 1997 (and more specifically the QBase CD-ROM that accompanied them) to provide the reader with explanatory note to each of the questions, which were not provided with the original CD-ROM or book. Whilst the notes are not approved in any way by the College, they are provided by a team of authors with recent experience of the MRCP MCQ examination and with considerable experience of teaching trainees themselves (Dr McCrudden also wrote QBase Medicine 2), and as such will provide an excellent basis for learning. All of the explanatory notes are comprehensive, and indexed to easily sourced texts to enable the reader to dig deeper into the topic if required. The CD installs the notes to the user's hard disk and when they then return to using the Royal College's MRCP QBase CD-ROM, the notes appear, linked seamlessly to each question in the usual way, and as if they were part of the CD itself.

This new title provides a concise, one-stop reference for anaesthetic trainees, surgical trainees and medical undergraduates, on the key topics in modern perioperative patient management, including detailed coverage of the essential physiological and pharmacological principles underlying basic perioperative skills. Essential topics such as antibiotics, fluid balance, DVT prophylaxis, pain management, drug pharmacology and respiratory failure, to name but a few, are all covered in detail, and in each case their effect on perioperative management is emphasised.

This pocket-sized book is an essential companion for all anaesthetists, intensive care specialists, intensive care nurses or any other healthcare professional working in the perioperative or intensive care environment. It provides a readily available source of information and guidance, mostly in the form of easy-to-follow tables, line drawings and flow diagrams, on many aspects of anaesthesia and intensive care, including normal values for common biochemical and haematological tests (and their interpretation), resuscitation protocols, equipment checklists, paediatric information and dosage differences, ventilation, sedation and analgesia and classification systems such as the APACHE II and Glasgow Coma Scales.