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The book thoroughly explains fundamental optimization concepts and terminology, including variables, parameters, constraints, bounds, and convexity. It also demonstrates how to formulate optimization problems using illustrative examples. Covering both single-variable and multi-variable optimization methods, the book provides theoretical insights, practical examples, and exercises, along with a graphical approach to problem-solving.In light of growing concerns about resource limitations and environmental impacts, this textbook addresses the need for efficient resource use amidst technological advancements and market competition. Students will appreciate the comprehensive coverage, supported by illustrations and exercises that deepen their understanding. Instructors will find it invaluable for classroom teaching, with accessible concepts and practical examples that highlight the nuances of optimization.

This book highlights the fundamentals and advances in measurement science and technology applied in nuclear power engineering. Inspection of main parameters is an essential part of the operation and control of nuclear power plants. Measurement science and technology in nuclear engineering have experienced fast upgrades with the rapid advancements in computer science, sensors, lasers, and other related technologies. The book not only describes basic theories and widely used techniques but also presents novel experimental findings, newly applied techniques, and future trends that emerge with the higher and more specialized requirements of today’s nuclear power plants and other nuclear projects. The book serves as a valuable information source for scientists and a good handbook for engineers. It also contains well-arranged questions and exercises after each chapter, which makes it an excellent textbook for undergraduate and graduate students in nuclear science and technology.Additional questions and answers via app: Download the Springer Nature Flashcards app free of charge and use exclusive additional material to test your knowledge.

This groundbreaking book delves into the lived experiences and collective wisdom of Indigenous communities impacted by colonialism. Through collaborations with non-Indigenous colleagues, this book seeks to inform current legal practices and advocate for a transformative shift toward justice, equity, and the recognition of First Law and Earth-centered law.By presenting Indigenous stories as case studies and incorporating the collective wisdom gained through extensive discussions and exchanges with non-Indigenous colleagues, the authors highlight the ways in which Australian law falls short in upholding holistic principles and fails to align with First Law and Earth-centered law. The book invites readers to consider alternative legal futures that are rooted in respect, justice, and the well-being of both Indigenous peoples and the natural environment. Through its thought-provoking analysis, literature reviews, and insights from Indigenous leaders, this book servesas a powerful resource for legal practitioners, policymakers, scholars, and anyone passionate about social justice and environmental sustainability. The book aims to ignite meaningful dialogue and inspire concrete actions to address the historical injustices faced by Indigenous peoples while fostering a more inclusive and equitable legal framework for the generations to come.

This book contains a collection of studies that have been conducted among older residents in Singapore. Different methods, from surveys to crowd sourcing, have been used to investigate the older adults’ lived experiences and social participation in the residential environment. The findings reveal that older residents interact with the built environment in ways that reflect their changing capabilities and lifestyles. Since the built environment – where we live and go – can have an important impact on our daily lives, especially among older people, understanding these experiences and perceived needs is important to help older individuals age within their community.

This book represents a culmination of research by the author on key housing policy innovations for affordable housing.Housing policy changes were effected in the 1960s through reforms of colonial legislation and institutions dealing with state land acquisition, public housing, and provident fund savings.

This book is about multiculturalism, broadly defined as the recognition, respect and accommodation of cultural differences. Teo proposes a framework of multicultural denizenship that includes group-specific rights and intercultural dialogue, by problematising three issues: a) the unacknowledged misrecognition of non-citizens within the scholarship of multiculturalism; b) uncritical treatment of citizens and non-citizens as binary categories and; c) problematic parcelling of group-specific rights with citizenship rights. Drawing on the case of Singapore as an illustrative example, where temporary labour migrants are culturally stereotyped, socioeconomically disenfranchised and denied access to rights accorded only to citizens, Teo argues that understandings of multiculturalism need to be expanded and adjusted to include a fluidity of identities, spectrum of rights and shared experiences of marginalisation among citizens and non-citizens. Civic Multiculturalism in Singapore will be of interest to students and scholars of multiculturalism, critical citizenship studies, migration studies, political theory and postcolonial studies.

This book is about multiculturalism, broadly defined as the recognition, respect and accommodation of cultural differences. Teo proposes a framework of multicultural denizenship that includes group-specific rights and intercultural dialogue, by problematising three issues: a) the unacknowledged misrecognition of non-citizens within the scholarship of multiculturalism; b) uncritical treatment of citizens and non-citizens as binary categories and; c) problematic parcelling of group-specific rights with citizenship rights. Drawing on the case of Singapore as an illustrative example, where temporary labour migrants are culturally stereotyped, socioeconomically disenfranchised and denied access to rights accorded only to citizens, Teo argues that understandings of multiculturalism need to be expanded and adjusted to include a fluidity of identities, spectrum of rights and shared experiences of marginalisation among citizens and non-citizens. Civic Multiculturalism in Singapore will be of interest to students and scholars of multiculturalism, critical citizenship studies, migration studies, political theory and postcolonial studies.

This book brings together the emerging body of work on age-friendly neighbourhoods in Singapore, the Asia-Pacific region, Europe and North America.

This insightful volume explores the experiences of ethnic migrants returning to Hong Kong, Singapore, and Israel. Return migrants who were exposed to the western culture and society undergo personal transformations that significantly impact their views on values such as gender, individualism, democracy, tradition, and individual autonomy. To evaluate how well these individuals are able to reintegrate back into their native countries, the authors conducted a thorough comparative study between returnees in the three research sites through in-depth interviews, ethnographic fieldwork, and analyses of government policies.Among the topics discussed:Family as a strategic middle ground between the individual and societyThe social psychology of coping and adaptationPublic, outer historical, and macro forces that shape returnees’ experiencesComparisons and contrasts between two primarily Chinese societies, along with one racially and culturally different Western societyCost-and-benefit analyses of decision-making in migrationReturn Migrants in Hong Kong, Singapore, and Israel is a compelling new perspective on the migrant experience drawn from in-depth research on returnees across three countries and a variety of circumstances.

This insightful volume explores the experiences of ethnic migrants returning to Hong Kong, Singapore, and Israel. Return migrants who were exposed to the western culture and society undergo personal transformations that significantly impact their views on values such as gender, individualism, democracy, tradition, and individual autonomy. To evaluate how well these individuals are able to reintegrate back into their native countries, the authors conducted a thorough comparative study between returnees in the three research sites through in-depth interviews, ethnographic fieldwork, and analyses of government policies.Among the topics discussed:Family as a strategic middle ground between the individual and societyThe social psychology of coping and adaptationPublic, outer historical, and macro forces that shape returnees’ experiencesComparisons and contrasts between two primarily Chinese societies, along with one racially and culturally different Western societyCost-and-benefit analyses of decision-making in migrationReturn Migrants in Hong Kong, Singapore, and Israel is a compelling new perspective on the migrant experience drawn from in-depth research on returnees across three countries and a variety of circumstances.

This monograph aims at bringing out a comprehensive collection of information on bamboo varieties in South Asia. The main focus of this book is to address the ecological and economic significance of bamboos.Bamboo is a versatile group of plants, capable of providing ecological, economic and livelihood security to the people. In the tropics, especially the rural areas in different countries of  South Asia, most of the houses are made of bamboos. In the hilly areas of Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal and India, the tribal people take bamboo shoots as one of their major food items since prehistoric days. With  palatable shoots and grass like leaves bamboo plants have also been liked by  many herbivore animals, such as, elephants, the wild cattle, Indian Bison, and  some species of deer. The red-panda in the Himalayas, and primates, pigs, rats and mice, porcupines, and squirrels are also incidental feeders on southeast Asian bamboos.There has been a growing awareness in recent years about the values of bamboo being an important means of economic growth and for improving the socio-economic conditions of the rural poor.  Bamboo as an industrial material can substitute wood and that to at low cost. Due to increasing demand and squeezing of bamboo area the plants have been overexploited and the quality and quantity of resource alarmingly getting depleted. Besides many new bamboo based industries have come up which also urgently require uninterrupted supply of species wise bamboo resource. The south Asia region has bestowed with  more than 300 bamboo species with enormous diversities at species, ecological and genetical level.  A number of  bamboo species are found common among countries of the region selected for various utilization potentials  having wide range of ability to adjust environmental conditions of these countries and thus prioritized for cultivation.  Both government and private planters inthe  region have started allocating funds, land and other logistics to raise large scale plantation of desired   bamboo species.This book has been drafted to find out answers of the most pertinent queries based on the field observations on each of the bamboo species and knowledge learnt from the indigenous people living with bamboos in different parts of south-east and south Asian countries.  This monograph would be interesting and useful to bamboo professionals, foresters, horticulturists, field level extension workers, nurserymen, planters, industrial entrepreneurs, ecologists, and valuable source of reference to the relevant researchers and students in the region.

Each facet of the teaching and learning environment is illustrated with quotations from the three groups of students, resulting in a guide to configuring a teaching and learning environment conducive to motivating students.

This book describes the current environmental changes due to global warming in northern Eurasia, especially focusing on eastern Siberia. Spring flooding, ice-jam movements, and monitoring using remote sensing are included. Additionally, current reindeer herding of indigenous peoples in Siberia and related environmental changes such as waterlogging, rising temperatures, and vegetation changes are addressed. As a summary, the book also introduces readers to adaptation strategies at several governmental levels.The book primarily focuses on 1) introducing readers to global warming and human-nature dynamics in Siberia, with special emphasis on humidification of the region in the mid-2000s, and 2) describing social adaptation to the changing terrestrial ecosystem, with an emphasis on water environments. Adaptation strategies based on vulnerability assessments of environmental changes in northern Eurasia are crucial topics for intergovernmental organizations, such as the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). Thus, the book offers a valuable resource not only for environmental researchers but also for several stakeholders regarding global environmental change.

This book, compiles, presents, and explains the most important meta-heuristic and evolutionary optimization algorithms whose successful performance has been proven in different fields of engineering, and it includes application of these algorithms to important engineering optimization problems.

This book analyses the emotional message of Hungarian folksongs from a Cultural Linguistic perspective, employing a wide range of empirical devices. It combines theoretical notions with analytical devices and has a multidisciplinary essence: it relies on the latest Cultural Linguistic findings, employing spatial semantics, cognitive linguistics, cognitive psychology and ethnography.The book addresses key questions including: How is nature conceptualized by a folk cultural group? How are emotions and other mental states expressed via nature imagery with respect to metaphors and construal schemas? The author argues that folksongs reflect the Hungarian peasant communities’ specific treatment of emotions, captured in an underlying cultural schema ‘reservedness.’ This schema is grounded in principals of morality and tradition, and governs the various levels of representation. The main topics discussed are related to two core issues: cultural metaphors and culturalschemas of construal in folksongs. It provides a detailed example, based on over 1000 folksongs, of how a cultural group’s cognition can be analyzed and better understood through a representative corpus-based linguistic approach. The research is also pioneering in constructing a comprehensive analysis framework adapted to folk poetry, and offers an example of how cultural conceptualizations can be investigated in various discourse types. Last but not least, the book offers insights into the work of Hungarian linguists and folklorists concerning cultural conceptualizations, which have largely been unavailable in English.

This book conducts a thorough investigation of the variation in tone sandhi patterns of Shanghai and Wuxi Wu using quantitative rating experiments.

This volume comprises the select proceedings of the annual convention of the Computer Society of India. Divided into 10 topical volumes, the proceedings present papers on state-of-the-art research, surveys, and succinct reviews. The volumes cover diverse topics ranging from communications networks to big data analytics, and from system architecture to cyber security. This volume focuses on Nature Inspired Computing. The contents of this book will be useful to researchers and students alike.

The book covers different aspects of real-world applications of optimization algorithms. It provides insights from the Fourth International Conference on Harmony Search, Soft Computing and Applications held at BML Munjal University, Gurgaon, India on February 7–9, 2018. It consists of research articles on novel and newly proposed optimization algorithms; the theoretical study of nature-inspired optimization algorithms; numerically established results of nature-inspired optimization algorithms; and real-world applications of optimization algorithms and synthetic benchmarking of optimization algorithms.

In the last decade, researchers working in the field of cancer biology have shifted their focus from genetic defects to epigenetic dysregulation, especially that of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).

This book describes the current environmental changes due to global warming in northern Eurasia, especially focusing on eastern Siberia.

This book, compiles, presents, and explains the most important meta-heuristic and evolutionary optimization algorithms whose successful performance has been proven in different fields of engineering, and it includes application of these algorithms to important engineering optimization problems.

This book analyses the emotional message of Hungarian folksongs from a Cultural Linguistic perspective, employing a wide range of empirical devices.

This book conducts a thorough investigation of the variation in tone sandhi patterns of Shanghai and Wuxi Wu using quantitative rating experiments.

This book describes the similarities and differences between two species, bonobos and chimpanzees, based on the three decades the author has spent studying them in the wild, and shows how the contrasting nature of these two species is also reflected in human nature.

This book describes the similarities and differences between two species, bonobos and chimpanzees, based on the three decades the author has spent studying them in the wild, and shows how the contrasting nature of these two species is also reflected in human nature.

This book presents a cutting-edge research procedure in the Nature-Inspired Computing (NIC) domain and its connections with computational intelligence areas in real-world engineering applications. It introduces readers to a broad range of algorithms, such as genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization, the firefly algorithm, flower pollination algorithm, collision-based optimization algorithm, bat algorithm, ant colony optimization, and multi-agent systems. In turn, it provides an overview of meta-heuristic algorithms, comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each. Moreover, the book provides a brief outline of the integration of nature-inspired computing techniques and various computational intelligence paradigms, and highlights nature-inspired computing techniques in a range of applications, including: evolutionary robotics, sports training planning, assessment of water distribution systems, flood simulation and forecasting, traffic control, gene expression analysis, antenna array design, and scheduling/dynamic resource management.