Hart Publishing – serie

This authoritative textbook offers a thorough, theoretical and practical overview of the current EU legal framework applicable to capital markets. It is intended to enable a critical analysis of the overall regulatory principles as well as the interaction between market actors and EU law which has shaped the regulatory agenda both at national and EU level. The book gives an overview of the foundations of EU capital markets and touches upon issuer disclosure obligations, inappropriate market practices and gatekeepers. EU law is the main focus, complemented by comparative analysis where applicable, primarily relating to UK, French and German laws. Ideal for upper-level undergraduate or graduate law students taking a module in Capital Markets Law, Securities Regulation, Corporate Finance Law or EU Company Law. Also useful for accounting, business or economics MSc students who need to broaden their understanding of the legal aspects of capital markets, and for academics and policy makers.

This collection brings together revised, updated and new essays on EU citizenship by one of the leading commentators in the field. This important collection argues, in the face of increasing pessimism (not least from other citizenship lawyers), that EU citizenship offers much to admire and celebrate. The author explores the question from three perspectives; firstly looking at the status of citizenship in Europe before moving onto perceived points of issue. Finally, the author sets out the added value of citizenship, concluding that despite all the challenges faced, it is well placed to deal with future challenges both in the medium and long term. This is an important statement on the current and future status of a key tenet of European Union law by one of its leading commentators, and will be required reading for all scholars in the field.

Over the past 30 years, Latin America has lived through an intense period of constitutional change. Some reforms have been limited in their design and impact, while others have been far-reaching transformations to basic structural features and fundamental rights. Scholars interested in the law and politics of constitutional change in Latin America are turning increasingly to comparative methodologies to expose the nature and scope of these changes, to uncover the motivations of political actors, to theorise how better to execute the procedures of constitutional reform, and to assess whether there should be any limitations on the power of constitutional amendment. In this collection, leading and emerging voices in Latin American constitutionalism explore the complexity of the vast topography of constitutional developments, experiments and perspectives in the region. This volume offers a deep understanding of modern constitutional change in Latin America and evaluates its implications for constitutionalism, democracy, human rights and the rule of law.

By exploring the historic development of marriage laws and changing relationship norms in England, Qatar and Australia; the legal treatment of religious-only unions in light of the family law regime in each country, and the impact of non-recognition, this book reveals the complexities of the law reform needed to tackle these issues.This examination of the differing outcomes for couples who live in England/Wales where cohabitants have no legal rights, Australia where cohabitants do benefit from some legal protections, and Qatar, a Muslim majority state with a modern family law regime which ordinarily recognises religious marriages provides a broad canvas for exploring this issue in depth.The book looks at this very complex issue from a range of perspectives including autonomy, cultural transitions and legal pluralism. It examines the issue of religious-only marriages in order to convey the complex and interwoven narrative which signifies how multifaceted law reform must be in order to adequately respond to these transitioning relationship norms in any given jurisdiction.Of course, relationship norms are not static and they continue to evolve. In light of changing norms and practices, the theoretical framework for this book focuses on the concept of ‘liminality’ or transition, which is being witnessed in the processes and formalities by which Muslims are entering their marriages.

Deakin and Morris’ Labour Law, a work cited as authoritative in the higher appellate courts of several jurisdictions, provides a comprehensive analysis of current British labour law which explains the role of different legal and extra-legal sources in its evolution, including collective bargaining, international labour standards, and human rights. The new edition, while following the broad pattern of previous ones, highlights important new developments in the content of the law, and in its wider social, economic and policy context. Thus the consequences of Brexit are considered along with the emerging effects of the Covid-19 crisis, the increasing digitisation of work, and the implications for policy of debates over the role of the law in constituting and regulating the labour market.The book examines in detail the law governing individual employment relations, with chapters covering the definition of the employment relationship; the sources and regulation of terms and conditions of employment; discipline and termination of employment; and equality of treatment. This is followed by an analysis of the elements of collective labour law, including the forms of collective organisation, freedom of association, employee representation, internal trade union government, and the law relating to industrial action.The seventh edition of Deakin and Morris’ Labour Law is an essential text for students of law and of disciplines related to management and industrial relations, for barristers and solicitors working in the field of labour law, and for all those with a serious interest in the subject.This title is included in Bloomsbury Professional's Employment Law online service.

This book addresses potential avenues of criminal liability for public health crisis management in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, under national and international criminal law, especially for causing death and bodily harm. The national case studies are geographically representative and follow a common research grid. Each national case study is prefaced by an overview of the detection and subsequent spread of the pandemic in the country concerned. The relevant legal and constitutional frameworks that governed the government and corporate conduct in the face of the pandemic are also discussed, followed by the consideration of forms of criminal liability. Government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic differed vastly in terms of both the choice of strategies adopted (herd immunity, test-and-trace, lockdown, etc) and the quality and speed of government implementation of those strategies and associated interventions. Both factors impacted the number of infections and casualties. It is therefore appropriate to consider forms of criminal liability for failure of individual members of government, including specific public authorities, to act to the best of their abilities, as timely as possible, and in accordance with expert advice.

Kofi Annan concluded the Aarhus Convention was ‘the most ambitious venture in environmental democracy undertaken under the auspices of the United Nations’. 21 years since its adoption, this edited collection reflects on the Convention’s impact across a number of key themes. It explores the Convention’s role in the legal and political order; its jurisdictional impact; the role of the Compliance Committee; Aarhus and the European Union; Aarhus and Brexit. It also looks at the Convention’s national impact, charting its application in practice in England and Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Ireland. It addresses procedural issues such as standing, costs and remedies. Addressing questions of origins and scope to policy and practice, all environmental lawyers will find this collection invaluable.

South Asia has had a tumultuous and varied experience with constitutional democracy that predates the recent rise in populism (and its study) in established democracies. And yet, this region has remained largely ignored by constitutional studies and democracy scholars. This book addresses this gap and presents a contribution to the South Asia-centric literature on the topic of the stability and resilience of constitutional democracies. Chapters deal not only with relatively well known South Asian countries such as India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, but also with countries often ignored by scholars, such as Bhutan, Nepal, Maldives, and Afghanistan. The contributions consider the design and functioning of an array of institutions and actors, including political parties, legislatures, the political executive, the bureaucracy, courts, fourth branch / guarantor institutions (such as electoral commissions), the people, and the military to examine their roles in strengthening or undermining constitutional democracy across South Asia. Each chapter offers a contextual and jurisdictionally-tethered account of the causes behind the erosion of constitutional democracy, and some examine the resilience of constitutional institutions against democratic erosion.

This is the last volume of the four-volume series Asian Comparative Constitutional Law which aims to provide an authoritative account of four major issues in comparative constitutional law across Asian jurisdictions. The present volume focuses on constitutional rights – or basic rights enshrined in constitutions in nineteen Asian jurisdictions. The volume explores four sets of questions:The first set of questions concerns how constitutional rights originated in Asia and spread across the continent. Where do constitutional rights come from? How do constitutional rights reflect global human rights norms? And how do constitutional rights reflect local values and conditions? The second set of questions focuses on the formal legal architecture of rights. How fundamental rights are provided for in Asian constitutions and what are the legal features of these rights?The third set of questions pertains to the functions of constitutional rights in Asian constitutions. What roles these rights play in society and how are they used to address socioeconomic issues such as inequality?Finally, the volume asks questions about legal doctrine. How are constitutional rights interpreted? Who interprets them? And what are the doctrines (e.g. proportionality) used to interpret constitutional rights? Nineteen Asian jurisdictions are covered in this volume; these range from those in East Asia (Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Mongolia, the People’s Republic of China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong), Southeast Asia (Malaysia, Singapore, Myanmar, the Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, and Laos), and South Asia (India, Pakistan, the Maldives, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka).

This book explores the allocation of risk and liability of dangerous goods between the seller and the buyer under CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) and FOB (Free on Board) contracts, providing an in-depth study of the issue of carriage of dangerous goods in the context of international trade law. In addition to offering specific solutions to issues arising in the context of the contract of sale, the book provides a non-contractual angle, putting forward suggestions under non-contractual mechanisms. Importantly, the book incorporates case law examples from the Commonwealth and the US.Dangerous goods that are carried by sea can cause potential risks of losses and damages to the vessel, other cargoes and lives on board. The allocation of liability arising out of the carriage of dangerous goods has recently attracted unwelcome attention because of mis–declared cargoes leading to fires on board ships. Thus the book fills a gap in the literature by addressing the issue in detail with examples from multiple jurisdictions, and proposing solutions. In particular, the book analyses whether and to what extent the law of international sale of goods can provide any assistance in the re-allocation of liability between the buyer and the seller.This book will be of great interest to all those involved in the research as well as legal practice of international trade law and the law of carriage of goods by sea.

This book presents a collection of leading common law cases in private international law ranging from the 18th to the 21st century. The cases traverse issues of jurisdiction, choice of law and the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. Questions of marital validity, domicile, foreign immovable property and choice of law in contract are just some of the topics that this collection examines. The ‘unusual factual situations’ of some 18th- and 19th-century English cases also reveal compelling human interest stories and political controversies worthy of further exploration. Drawing on a diverse team of contributors, this edited collection showcases the research of eminent conflicts scholars together with emerging scholars from the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, Ireland and South Africa.

This book brings together leading legal scholars and practitioners from across the Asia-Pacific region to probe the ways in which trusts law has been adapted by various jurisdictions, and to analyse their causes and effects. The contributions discuss how the trust structure, with its inherent malleability, has been adapted to meet a diverse set of local needs, including social, religious, economic, commercial, or even historical needs. But in most instances, those needs — and the ways in which trusts law has been adapted to meet them — are not unique to a single jurisdiction: they often (coincidentally or otherwise) find much in common with others. By making its readers aware of the commonality of needs in Asia- Pacific, this book also aims to encourage coordination and cooperation in utilising trusts law to address shared concerns across the region.

Sharing economy promised a way of using property for the mutual benefit of owners and consumers, but in the last decade it has only worked to profit large commercial platforms. This book shows how institutions of risk management are part of this problem and offers a solution: collaborative risk structures.The book uncovers risk as the missing element in accounts of property theory and sharing economy. Drawing on diverse insights from economic theory and legal studies, it explains how property and private law form a risk management infrastructure which reinforces private property, and examines the paralysing effects this has on sharing, by constraining it to extractive market relations and stifling its collaborative potential. The book argues that overcoming these constraints is key to realising collaborative property and curbing the drawbacks of private ownership. It proposes institutional design principles and offers heuristic solutions such as radical uses of private law tools and insurance mechanisms to build a collaborative risk system capable of supporting more equitable and diversified forms of sharing.

This open access book presents the first comparative study on the legal sources of administrative law. Every modern legal order needs a set of general rules to apply and enforce administrative law; the rules impose principles of action, of procedure, and of organisation of the authorities. The legal basis of these rules may be quite diverse. Some countries have tried to codify administrative law, whilst others work with few rules or unwritten rules.The book considers the consequences that arise from the different degrees of codification of general administrative law. It presents answers to important questions including:Does codification increase predictability and legal certainty?Does codification lead to a ‘petrification’ of administrative law?To what degree does the constitution shape administrative law?Which areas of administrative law are suitable for codification, which are not, and why not?The book answers these questions by presenting 13 country reports, covering both civil and common law traditions, a chapter on the EU, and a comparative analysis.The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com.

This study, with its approach rooted in EU law and its clear focus on conceptual underpinnings, grapples with one of the most challenging questions facing constitutional lawyers today; namely the rule of law. Drawing on the expertise of leading scholars and judges at the forefront of the question, it takes a dual approach. It opens by setting out the foundations of the rule of law, including legal certainty, democratic principles and judicial independence. It goes on to explore the protections that can be relied upon, from policy developments, to human rights sanctions, and infringement actions. This is a rapidly developing question in EU constitutional law, so this masterful collection will be welcomed by both scholars and policy-makers in the field.

Over the past decades a growing number of countries have offered citizenship or residence in return for a donation or investment. Taking a multi-disciplinary approach to the study of this phenomenon, this open access collection examines its legal, political, and conceptual implications.The volume consists of four parts. The first part documents recent trends in investment migration and seeks to understand its implications for our understanding of the concept of citizenship. The second part provides a legal and normative assessment of investment migration, from the perspective of both EU and international law. The third part presents case studies of investment migration practices in countries from around the world, including from jurisdictions that have so far remained under-researched. The fourth part deals with the specific EU legal-political context and also engages with the case launched by the European Commission against Malta. The book assembles the leading experts in the field and offers a rigorous and balanced analysis of this sometimes controversial field.The ebook editions of this book are available under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by Central European University.

Do animals have legal rights? This pioneering book tells readers everything they need to know about animal rights law.Using straightforward examples from over 30 legal systems from both the civil and common law traditions, and based on popular courses run by the authors at the Cambridge Centre for Animal Rights, the book takes the reader from the earliest anti-cruelty laws to modern animal welfare laws, to recent attempts to grant basic rights and personhood to animals. To help readers understand this legal evolution, it explains the ethics, legal theory, and social issues behind animal rights and connected topics such as property, subjecthood, dignity, and human rights. The book’s companion website (bloomsbury.pub/animal-rights-law) provides access to briefs on the latest developments in this fast-changing area, and gives readers the tools to investigate their own legal systems with a list of key references to the latest cases, legislation, and jurisdiction-specific bibliographic references.Rich in exercises and study aids, this easy-to-use introduction is a prime resource for students from all disciplines and for anyone else who wants to understand how animals are protected by the law.

This book fills a gap in the existing literature by providing a thorough assessment of EU regulations as a source of secondary legislation and their application in all twenty-seven Member States. It also explores that application in neighbouring countries. EU regulations are perceived as the strongest and the most effective sources of EU secondary legislation and it is well-established by the Court of Justice of the European Union that their provisions have vertical and horizontal direct effect. Part 1 of this book examines these points, providing a backdrop to the analysis in the remaining chapters. Parts 2 and 3 focus on the national reception of EU regulations in Member States, and in selected neighbouring jurisdictions. Written by leading practitioners and academics, the book offers both a conceptual underpinning to this element of the European Union’s law-making, as well as its practical application.

This book evaluates the role played by statistical evidence in litigation. Despite the increasing prevalence of statistical evidence in modern litigation, how such evidence should be admitted and used by courts is often inconsistent and widely criticised. Accepting that statistical evidence can lead to more accurate decisions, the book proposes criteria that could allow courts to decide that statistical evidence is good for fact-finding.The many and varied scholarly debates regarding statistical evidence have by and large avoided judicial attention. Unlike previous works, this book contextualises those debates in the language and practice of evidence law, focusing principally on Australia, as well as the UK and the USA.It does so by identifying that the controversy around statistical evidence follows the three-tiered statistical syllogism underlying statistical inference: first, whether statistical evidence is capable of establishing an association between phenomena in a state of nature; second, inferring that phenomena to an individual from the general association; and third, whether statistical evidence can be sufficient for proof of contested facts. Objections are said to arise at each level of this syllogism and, by mapping these objections onto evidence law, the book argues that a pathway for the judicial evaluation of statistical evidence can be constructed.

Are you involved in making decisions in court, a tribunal, or another formal decision-making environment? This book gives guidance in the skills required to reach and deliver well-structured judicial decisions.The authors (all of whom have extensive judicial and quasi-judicial experience) instruct the readers on the skills required at each stage of a hearing, including:- ensuring there is a fair hearing process;- standards and conduct of decision-makers;- successful communication;- taking into account the needs of vulnerable participants and litigants in person;- case management;- assessing evidence; and- the process of reaching and then delivering a well-structured decision.The book includes practical guidance, examples, and short exercises to help the reader engage with the issues discussed and understand the skills required. Buy this book and you will have the confidence you need to make great decisions.

This book examines the relationship between tax law and crisis. In times of environmental, financial, and public health breakdown, policymakers look to tax for solutions. Yet these crises also constrain the ways in which tax liabilities can be imposed and administered, and limit the revenues that can be collected. What should governments do in these circumstances and what are the wider consequences for states, societies, and institutions such as the EU?The book shows how crises place strain on the basic functions of tax, including revenue-raising, institution-building, regulation, redistribution, and the structuring of society. These strains bear more heavily on some sections of business and society than others. This makes the tax consequences of crisis unpredictable. It also means that the best choice of legal response is not merely a technical matter. Instead, it engages deeper attitudes towards crisis relief, change, social values, and democratic control.These issues are highlighted by COVID-19 but are of utmost lasting importance. The book takes a comprehensive approach and looks in more depth at the systemic roles that crises play in contemporary tax systems. It features an impressive cast of leading researchers across multiple jurisdictions and is essential for policymakers and scholars alike.

Do free speech rights apply against private actors?Free Speech Theory challenges contemporary thought on this issue. It champions free speech not for its contribution to epistemic advance or informed democratic participation, but as a product of individuality, located in a system of freedom from state control. This has wide-ranging implications for rights-claims directed against private actors concerning online, workplace, and public-interest based forms of speech.This innovative, rigorously researched, and comprehensive restatement of free speech principle is both topical and important. It has significance for policy makers, practitioners, and commentators around the world.

This open access book explores the intertwined histories of mapmaking and copyright law in Britain from the early modern period up to World War 1, focusing chiefly on the 18th and 19th centuries. Taking a multidisciplinary approach and making extensive use of the archival record, this is the first detailed, historical account of the relationship between maps and copyright. As such, it examines how the emergence and development of copyright law affected mapmakers and the map trade and how the application of copyright law to the field of mapmaking affected the development of copyright doctrine. Its explorations cast new light on the circulation of geographical knowledge, different cultures of authorship and creativity, and connections between copyright law, print culture, technology, and society.The book will be of interest to legal historians, intellectual property scholars, and historians of the map and print culture, as well as those interested in the history of knowledge and how legal control over data has been exerted over time. It takes the reader back to the earliest attempts to establish who can own and control geographical information and its graphic representation in the form of a map. In so doing, it establishes a long history of tension between the interests of private enterprise, government, and the public. The book’s investigations end in the first decades of the 20th century, but the tensions it identifies persist in the 21st century, although today paper maps have been largely replaced by web-based mapping platforms and digital geospatial data.The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by the Australian Research Council.

This innovative book blends constitutional theory with real-life political practice to explore the impact of codifying constitutional amendments on the operation of the constitution in relation to democracy, the rule of law, and the separation of powers. It draws from comparative, historical, political and theoretical perspectives to answer questions all constitutional designers should ask themselves:- Should the constitution append amendments sequentially to the end of the text?- Should it embed amendments directly into the existing text, with notations about what has been modified and how? - Should it instead insert amendments into the text without indicating at all that any alteration has occurred? The book examines the 3 major models of amendment codification – the appendative, the integrative, and the invisible models – and also shows how some jurisdictions have innovated alternative forms of amendment codification that combine elements of more than 1 model in a unique hybridisation driven by history, law, and politics.Constitutional designers rarely consider where in the constitution to codify amendments once they are ratified. Yet this choice is pivotal to the operation of any constitution. This groundbreaking book shows why the placement of constitutional amendments goes well beyond mere aesthetics. It influences how and whether a people remembers its past, how the constitutional text will be interpreted and by whom, and whether the constitution will be easily accessible to the governed.A global tour of the high stakes of constitution-making, this book features 18 diverse and outstanding scholars from around the world – across Africa, America, Asia and Oceania, and Europe – raising new questions, opening our eyes to new streams of research, and uncovering new possibilities for constitutional design.

This book looks at regulation, policy and implementation of framework agreements, supplier lists and other similar public procurement tools, with a strategic and pragmatic perspective.Whilst procurements of huge volumes and value are performed worldwide through such tools on a daily basis, and despite their complexity and diversity, this topic has rarely been studied in a systematic way. The book fills this major gap. It examines a series of public procurement systems or legal instruments selected to ensure wide coverage – the UNCITRAL Model Law on Public Procurement, the World Bank, the US federal procurement system, EU law, France, Romania, and the UK pre- and post-Brexit.By deconstructing over 20 ‘clusters’ of tools into their key features along a pattern for analysis, the book reconstructs a conceptual framework for purchasing uncertain or indefinite requirements through a transversal perspective across public procurement systems. In this way, the book provides valuable orientation to law and policy makers for improving or reforming this area, to procurement officers in interpreting existing regulation and identifying innovative practical solutions, and to lawyers and the judiciary for a balanced application of the regulation.The book delivers essential material for procurement of uncertain or indefinite requirements.

This book provides a timely and much-needed critical legal review of children’s participation in healthcare that goes beyond merely documenting the extent and scope of participation, and explores the importance, definition of, and barriers to their meaningful participation. Addressing a gap in the literature, the book uses a combination of empirical data, childhood and participatory theory, and legal analysis to study the participation of children and young people in the medical context from a child’s rights perspective. Centring the unheard and underrepresented lived experiences of recent and past child patients, and doctors, the book uses Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, a methodology traditionally used in psychology, to provide a refreshing and unique exploration of children’s participation in their healthcare. The book explores to what extent national law and international non-binding conventions have created a ‘right’ to participation, studies the application of national law in clinical practice asking whether the law facilitates meaningful participation, and analyses the interaction between law and quasi-legal regulations.The book will be useful for academics, children’s activists, and legal and clinical practitioners.

This book presents a clear, carefully-analysed picture of the operation of equity today, across the common law world. Rather than revisit the abstract debate as to whether or not equity has ‘fused’ with the common law, it focuses on specific equitable principles and doctrines. Expert contributors step back and take a wider view of those doctrines, examining how they can best be understood today, and how they might develop in the future. This will prove invaluable to practitioners and courts (at first instance as well as appellate level), allowing them to navigate the constantly-growing mass of case law. Drawing on expertise from across the worlds of academia, practice and the bench, this seminal collection provides the most illuminating picture available of how equity operates.

This open access book asks whether there is space for particularism in a constitutional democracy which would limit the implementation of EU law. National identity claims are a key factor in shaping our times and the ongoing evolution of the European Union. To assess their impact this collection focuses on the jurisprudence of Czechia, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia, as they play an essential role in giving life to particularism. By taking particularism as the prism through which they explore the question, the contributors offer a new analytical scheme to evaluate the judicial invocation of identity. This requires an interdisciplinary approach: the study draws on comparative constitutional law, theory, comparative-empirical material and normative-philosophical perspectives. This is a fresh and thought-provoking new study on an increasingly important question in EU law.The ebook editions of this book are available under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com.