Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde – serie

This volume of the Bibliographical Series is a thoroughly revised English edition, with many additions, of the author's 'Chronique de l'histoire coloniale. Outre-mer neerlandais' published in May 1958 in the French periodical 'Revue d'histoire des colonies' (Tome XLIV, 1957, pp. 311-448). A stricter observance of bibliographical detail has been aimed at, mainly through the efforts of the editorial staff of the Institute. In some instances, however, the form of a continuous narrative, chosen for this bibliography, made it impossible to give full titles. The spelling of geographical names and names of languages is according to the English romanization of Malay. CONTENTS Page Introduction 1 I. Archives 3 II. Journals, Institutes, University Chairs 6 III. Books of Travel. 10 IV. The Area Covered by the Charter of the V. O. C. 21 A. General Works 21 B. Sources 27 C. Monographs . 30 1. Establishment and Commercial Activities of the V. O. C. 30 2. The Administration of Justice 33 3. Army and Navy . 34 4. Medicine and the Sciences 36 5. Religion and Education 37 6. Art 39 D. Biographies 40 1. Pioneers 40 2. Governors-General 41 3. Other Persons 45 E. Regional Studies. 47 1. The Moluccas, Amboyna and Banda 47 2. New Guinea 50 3. Australia 50 4. Celebes 51 5. Borneo 52 6. Sumatra 52 7. Java . 53 8. Japan. 59 9. China 61 10. Formosa 63 11. The Philippines 63 ] 2. Further India 64 13. India . 65 14. Ceylon 70 15.

In this book I have aimed at completeness in the sense that all publications known to me, which are wholly or partly devoted to Malay and Bahasa Indonesia (B.I.), or are important for the study of these languages, have been included. Popular publications in non-professional periodicals have been included only exceptionally. All the publications mentioned in the text are incorporated in the Bibliography (p. 91-157). The countless articles in four post-war, semi-professional periodicals in :'1alaya and Indonesia, Dewan Bahasa, Pembina Bahasa Indonesia. 11:1 edan Bahasa, Bahasa dan Budaja, are not mentioned separately in the Bibliography, but sections 33 to 36 contain a survey, as complete and systematic as possible, of the contents of these periodicals in so far as they pertain to the Malay language; nor have I discussed in the text or incorporated in the Bibliography several hundreds of titles of practical textbooks or school-books of Malay or B.I. which are of no importance to the scientific study of these language. These titles have been entered in a separate Appendix (p. 158--171). The fact that completeness was aimed at certainly does not mean that it has been achieved. Especially various recent writings from Indonesia and Malaya may have escaped my attention. Experience has also proved that publications on Malay sometimes appear in the most unexpected places. The qualification above: "publications ... devoted to ... , or impor­ tant for the study of" Malay and B.I. has been taken in a wide sense.

At the completion of this critical bibliography which forms another step in the direction of the realization of the bibliographical project inaugurated in 1955 by Dr. Voorhoeve's survey of the languages of Sumatra, I acknowledge with gratitude the valuable assistance received from various people. I am indebted to my colleagues Prof. Dr. G. W. J. Drewes, Dr. J. Noorduyn, Dr. Th. Pigeaud, Prof. Dr. A. Teeuw and Dr. P. Voorhoeve, who read all or part of the manuscript and who generously put their extensive knowledge of the Java languages at my disposal. Heartfelt thanks are due to Mr. B. J. Hoff and Mr. A. G. Sciarone, both members of my staff, who verified many of the biblio­ graphical details. I am grateful to the library of the University of Leiden and to the library of the Institute in The Hague because of their readiness in giving me all the facilities I needed for the preparation of this book. Most useful was the cordial assistance received from my colleague Prof. Dr. P. E. de Josselin de Jong, who spent much time correcting the many imperfections of my English text, which greatly promoted the readability of the narrative sections of this survey.

At the completion of this bibliography, the second of the planned series on language study in Indonesia, the authors acknowledge with gratitude the kind assistance of Father Donatus Dunselman, Dr A. H. Hill and Dr P. Voorhoeve who have read all or part of the manuscript. Also our heartfelt thanks are due to those who have provided us with information indispensable for the compilation of the bibliographical data, or have given us the opportunity to inspect their archives for linguistic literature on Borneo, i.e. the very Rev. A. Antonissen, Jesselton, North Borneo, Father W. Boon, Rector of the Catholic Mission, Mukah, Sarawak, Dr N. C. Scott, the Society for promoting Christian Knowledge, London, the British and Foreign Bible Society, London, the School of Oriental and African Studies, London, the Basle Mission, Basle, Switzerland, the Rhenish Mission, Wuppertal, Germany, the Dutch Bible Society, Amsterdam. The authors greatly appreciate the grant from the Netherland Institute for International Cultural Relations which made this public­ ation possible.

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Hans Scharer was born at Wadenswil (near Zurich), Switzerland, in 1904. After his school years, he was trained for (Protestant) mis- sionary work at the Missionshaus in BiHe. For seven years, 1932-1939, he lived among the Ngaju in southern Borneo; first with the Ngaju- speaking people of the Katingan river area, later, for a shorter period. with those living along the Barito. He was granted European leave in 1939, and spent the years 1939-1944 studying Ethnology (as it then was called) under Professor J. P. B. de Josselin de Jong at Leiden University. He went home to Switzerland in 1944, but returned to Leiden in 1946 to complete his studies and defend his Ph. D. thesis on Die Gottesidee der N gadju Dajak in Sud-Borneo. It is this thesis which. published by E. J. Brill, Leiden, in 1946, is now being re-issued in English translation. Soon after, he left once more for the Ngaju territory, as Praeses of the Baseler Mission in south Borneo. He died there suddenly on December 10th, 1947, of blood-poisoning. These few biographical data are not merely of some slight historical interest: they help us to understand the man and his work.The present book is Scharer's only major work to have been published, and for Scharer himself it was, in a way, an experiment.

The purpose of this bibliography is to serve as a medium for informing those interested about the contents of books and articles which have thus far appeared dealing with the above-mentioned three cultures. Anthropology here is used in its widest sense: Physical anthropology, ethnology, cultural anthropology, archaeology and ethno­ history. l In view of the fact that Kennedy's bibliography has recently been brought up to date,2 a few words of explanation to justify this bibliography are necessary. This work attempts at completeness, that is to say, the items (especially found in missionary journals) which have been overlooked by those who did the splendid job of revising Ken­ nedy's bibliography, have been included here. Only those items which the present compiler was not able to get hold of have been left unannotated. In other words nearly every item listed here has been read or skimmed through. Moreover those pieces which have hardly any value or relevance to these cultures but which, none the less, are found listed in Kennedy (e. g. Buys under Nias) have been precluded from consideration here. Likewise those (few) articles dealing with modern developments which were uncovered have been listed here as well, contrary to the policy taken by the compilers of Kennedy's revised edition. Needless to say the debt one owes to these compilers for such a work as this - indeed for almost any research which one undertakes dealing with Indonesia - is untold.

The aim of the critical bibliographies, compiled on the initiative of the Board of Directors of the Royal Institute of Linguistics, Geography and Ethnology, is to draw attention to the data on Indonesian lin~ guistics and cultural sciences collected in the past, and to provide guidance in this field. It so happens that these data were often published in journals with a limited circulation, whilst these journals are only available in a few places. Moreover, most of them are only accessible without difficulty to those workers in the fields of Indonesian linguistics and cultural sciences who possess some knowledge of the Dutch language. Apart from providing information, these bibliographies also have an other object, viz. to prevent that meritorious scholarly work would be lost due to the purely fortuitous circumstance - which, however, in actual practice is unfortunately of decisive importance - that this work is not written in a world language and that it cannot be every­ where easily consulted. The Board therefore hope at the same time to break with the slightly provincialistic nature which for evident reasons used to be characteristic for the studies in language and culture of Indonesia. The Board hope to be able to prevent that new research should have to start unnecessarily again at the very beginning, and also to contribute to a more rapid progress of scientific research in this field by means of a regular publication of these critical reviews of pubIications.

The Dutch version of Frontier Society (Samenleving in een Grens­ gebied) first appeared in 1949. A second Dutch edition of this work has been published in 1971, in the text of which a number of minor improve­ ments have been made and a few passages added here and there, though on the whole the work has remained unchanged. The English translation presented here is of the Dutch text for the second impression. It is more than twenty years since the book was first published. There have been no publications since which have induced me to introduce major corrections or additions to the original work, and although further research in the Public Record Office in The Hague has brought more material to light, this did not give cause for altering the picture presented or the examples given either. This is due in the first place to the character of the work, being an attempt at presenting a structural and historical analysis of the development of an exploitation colony based on slavery into the type of society found in many parts of the world outside Europe in the period preceding decolonization. But it is probably also a consequence of the paucity of historical publications about a country on which there is such a wealth of material available.

The present "Literature Qf Java, Catalogue Raisonne Qf Javanese Manuscripts" is a publicatiQn of the Library Qf the University Qf Leiden. It is no. IX Qf the series "CQdices Manuscripti" published by this Library, and it is made available tOo the public by the RQyal Institute Qf Linguistics and AnthropQoIDgy. Originally the wQrk was Qnly meant to be a sequel tOo Dr H. H. Juynboll's "Supplement Dp "den CatalQgus van de J avaansche en Madoereesche Handschriften der Leidsche "Universiteits-BibliQtheek" in two volumes. The second volume appeared in 1911. It soon became clear, hQwever, that this was the Dpportunity tOo publish an English Catalogue which could be used as an introductiDn to the study Qf Javanese literature mOore easily than the previQus Dutch catalQgues eQuId. It is a matter Qf fact that Dr Juynboll and his predecessors wrQte their catalogues with the intentiDn of prQviding infDrmatiDn on Javanese literature in general, and fDr several decades their books did render excellent services tOo students Qf Javanese civilizatiQn. The differences in structure between the older catalogues and the present bDOk will be explained in the introduction to the second vQlume.In two vDlumes the contents of the previDus catalQgues, increased by an equal quantity Qof new material, has been rearranged according tOo a new system. The third volume, cDntaining illustrations, facsimiles Df manuscripts, maps and a general index Df names and subjects, is entirely new.

The histQry of this book dates back exactly 20 years. When I first set foot on the shores O'f Indonesia in September 1947, I was, amongst other things, assigned the task 0'GBP teaching Malay literature in an advanced teacher-training course, with the instructiOon to' lay stress on modern literature. This was easier said than done, as very little had been written Oon the subject, and few materials were available to me. From this period I recall with great gratitude the regular and friendly contacts I had with Mr. Sutan Takdir Alisjahbana, whO' in many ways me with information and documentatiO'n. helped The editQrs of the magazine "Kritiek en Opbouw" found my lecture- nffies Qn some pre-war authors worth publishing. These articles, with an introduction on Bahasa Indonesia and some other additiQns, were subsequently coUected and published by Pembangunan under the title Voltooid Voorspel (Completed Prelude) (Djakarta 1950). The little book sold fairly quickly, but rather than publishing a new edition in Dutch the publisher was interested in bringing out an Indo~ nesian adaptation.Much material was added, the larger part of which had been CQllected by writing occasional reviews Qf Indonesian literary works for the Dutch newspaper Nieuwsgier in Djakarta. The text of the book was very conscientiously turned intO' Bahasa Indonesia by Anku Raihul Amar gl.

BY G. W. LOCHER Some years ago, in a discussion of the modern concept of structure, Levi-Strauss contended that the extraordinarily widespread employment of the term "structure" since 1930 reflected a rediscovery of the concept and the term rather than the continuation of a prior usage. This assertion may be correct in general, but it does not apply to the N ether­ lands, at least nOlI: so far as the concept of structure is concerned. The transmission of the concept in that country can in fact be quite easily traced. It began in 1917 with the publication by van Ossenbruggen of a study of the Javanese notion of montja-pat,l a paper which was in­ fluenced to a high degree by the famous monograph by Durkheim and Mauss, "De quelques formes primitives de classification", which had been published at the beginning of the century. 2 An even clearer structural approach is to be found in the extensive Leiden thesis of 3 W. H. Rassers, De Pandji-Roman. This dissertation itself refers with particular emphasis to van Ossenbruggen's paper and to the monograph by Durkheim and Mauss, as well as to various other publications by them. The ,studies later made by Rassers were also of such a kind that when a collection of them was published in English in 1959, under the title Panji, The Culture Hero, 4 they were aptly subtitled "A Structural Study of Religion in Java".

The third, concluding volume of "Literature of Java" contains Addenda and a General Index, preceded by Illustrations, Facsimiles of Manuscripts, Maps and some Minor Notes, additions which may be of U'se to students of Javanese literature. The older catalogues of collections of Indonesian manuscripts (Javanese, Malay, Sundanese, Madurese, Balinese), which were written in Dutch, did not offer such additional aids to interested readers. One of the reasons was. , that the authors (Vreede, Brandes, van Ronkel, Juynboll, Berg) presupposed a certain knowledge of the Indones,ian peoples, their countries and their culture with Dutch students. As often as not the latter, or their families, had lived for many years in Java, and they were destined, when they had completed their studies in The Netherlands, to pass one or more decades of 'their active life in the ,tropics in the service of Government, the Christian Missions or the Bible Society. The Archipelago was their second home country. Some familiarity with things Indonesian was found in several circles of society in The Netherlands before the second world war, and information (though not always scholarly and exact) was supplied by quite a number of books and periodicals. For this reason it was thought superfluoU's to encumber specialistic books like catalogues of manuscripts with maps and general information which could be found easily elsewhere, for instance in the Dutch "Encyclopaedie van Nederlandsch-Indie". As circumstances have changed it is.