Race and Crime

Helen Taylor Greene is Professor of Administration of Justice in the Barbara Jordan–Mickey Leland School of Public Affairs (SPA) at Texas Southern University (TSU). She completed her BS in Sociology at Howard University, her MS in the Administration of Justice at American University, and both her MA in Political Science and PhD in Criminology at the University of Maryland, College Park. Her areas of research include race and crime, juvenile justice, and policing. She has authored and co-authored books, has peer-reviewed articles and book chapters, and has served as lead editor for the Encyclopedia of Race and Crime (2009).  Shaun L. Gabbidon is Distinguished Professor of Criminal Justice in the School of Public Affairs at Penn State Harrisburg. He earned his PhD in Criminology at Indiana University of Pennsylvania. Dr. Gabbidon has served as a fellow at Harvard University’s W. E. B. Du Bois Institute for Afro-American Research and as an adjunct faculty member in the Center for Africana Studies at the University of Pennsylvania. His areas of interest include race and crime, criminal justice and criminology pedagogy, and private security.  Professor Gabbidon is the author of more than 100 scholarly publications, including 60 peer-reviewed articles and 11 books.

• ForewordPreface and IntroductionHow to Read a Research ArticleSECTION ONE: Overview of Race, Ethnicity and CrimeSection HighlightsThe Concepts of Race and EthnicityPrejudice and DiscriminationRace and Crime in American HistorySummaryKey TermsDiscussion QuestionsWeb ResourcesReadings:The History of Native Americans and the Misdirected Study of Organized Crime, by Jane Dickson-Gilmore and Michael WoodiwissRace as Class, by Herbert J. GlansMarginalized White Ethnicity, Race and Crime, by Colin WebsterSECTION TWO: Extent of Crime and VictimizationSection HighlightsSources of Crime and Victimization StatisticsLimitations of Crime, Arrest, and Victimization StatisticsRace and the Extent of Crime and VictimizationRace and VictimizationSummaryKey TermsDiscussion QuestionsWeb ResourcesReadings:Intimate Partner Homicide: Review and Implications of Research and Policy, by Jacquelyn C. Campbell, Nancy Glass, Phyllis W. Sharps, Kathryn Laughon, and Tina BloomExploring Bystander Presence and Intervention in Nonfatal Violent Victimization: When Does Helping Really Help? by Timothy C. Hart and Terance D. MietheCo-offending and the Age-Crime Curve, by Lisa Stolzenberg and Stewart J. D′AlessioSECTION THREE: Theoretical Perspectives on Race and CrimeSection HighlightsWhat Is Theory?Biological Theories on Race and CrimeSociological Theories on Race and CrimeSocial DisorganizationCollective EfficacyStrain/Anomie TheoryGeneral Strain TheoryThe Colonial ModelSummaryKey TermsDiscussion QuestionsWeb ResourcesReadings:Are Hispanics the New "Threat"? Minority Group Threat and Fear of Crime in Miami-Dade County, by David Eitle and John TaylorDo Theories of Crime or Violence Explain Race Differences in Delinquency? by Richard B. Felson, Glenn Deane, and David P. ArmstrongA General Strain Theory of Racial Differences in Criminal Offending, by Joanne M. Kaufman, Cesar J. Rebellon, Sherod Thaxton, and Robert AgnewRacial Discriminaton and Hirschi′s Criminological Classic: A Chapter in the Sociology of Knowledge, by James D. Unnever, Francis T. Cullen, Scott A. Mathers, Timothy E. McClure, and Marisa C. AllisonSECTION FOUR: Juvenile JusticeSection HighlightsOverview of the Juvenile Justice SystemRace and Juvenile JusticeRace, Juvenile Crime, and VictimizationDelinquency PreventionSummaryKey TermsDiscussion QuestionsWeb ResourcesReadings:Disproportionate Minority Confinement of Juveniles: A National Examination of Black-White Disparity in Placements, 1997-2006, by Jaya Davis and Jon R. SorensenThings Are Tough All Over: Race, Ethnicity, Class, and School Discipline, by Aaron KupchikThe Provision and Completion of Gender-Specific Services for Girls on Probation: Variation by Race and Ethnicity, by Angela M. Wolf, Juliette Graziano, and Christopher HartneySECTION FIVE: PolicingSection HighlightsOverview of Policing in AmericaHistory of PolicingRace and PolicingContemporary Issues in Race and PolicingRacial ProfilingSummaryKey TermsDiscussion QuestionsWeb ResourcesReadings:An Inquiry Into the Impact of Suspect Race on Police Use of Tasers, by Jacinta M. Gau, Clayton Mosher, and Travis C. PrattLessons of the Street Code: Policy Implications for Reducing Violent Victimization Among Disadvantaged Citizens, by Eric A. Stewart, Christopher J. Schreck, and Rod K. BrunsonRacial Bias in Case Processing: Does Victim Race Affect Police Clearance of Violent Crime Incidents? by Terrance J. Taylor, David Holleran, and Volkan TopalliSECTION SIX: Courts and SentencingSection HighlightsOverview of American Courts and SentencingContemporary Issues on Race and CourtsContemporary Issues in Race and SentencingSummaryKey TermsDiscussion QuestionsWeb ResourcesReadings:Race-Based Judgments, Race-Neutral Justifications: Experimental Examination of Peremptory Use and the Batson Challenge Procedure, by Samuel R. Sommers and Michael I. NortonRace Effects of Representation Among Federal Court Workers: Does Black Workforce Representation Reduce Sentencing Disparities? by Amy Farrell, Geoff Ward, and Daniel RousseauPunishing the "Model Minority": Asian-American Criminal Sentencing Outcomes in Federal District Courts, by Brian D. Johnson and Sara BetsingerSECTION SEVEN: The Death PenaltySection HighlightsOverview of Race and the Death PenaltySignificant Death Penalty CasesCurrent Statistics on the Death PenaltyPublic Opinion and the Death PenaltyWrongful ConvictionsSummaryKey TermsDiscussion QuestionsWeb ResourcesReadings:Hispanics and the Death Penalty: Discriminatory Charging Practices in San Joaquin County, California, by Catherine LeeGoverning Through Crime as Commonsense Racism: Race, Space, and Death Penalty "Reform" in Delaware, by Benjamin D. Fleury-Steiner, Kerry Dunn, and Ruth Fleury-SteinerPersuasion and Resistance: Race and the Death Penalty in America, by Mark Peffley and Jon HurwitzSECTION EIGHT: CorrectionsSection HighlightsOverview of CorrectionsRace and Corrections in Historical ContextRacial Disparities in CorrectionsPrisoner ReentrySummaryKey TermsDiscussion QuestionsWeb ResourcesReadings:The Racialization of Crime and Punishment: Criminal Justice, Color-Blind Racism, and the Political Economy of the Prison Industrial Complex, by Rose M. Brewer and Nancy A. HeitzigThe Role of Offender Risk Assessment: A Policy Maker Guide, by Edward J. Latessa and Brian LovinsThe Black Family and Mass Incarceration, by Bruce Western and Christopher WildemanGlossaryAppendix: Race and Crime TimelineCredits and SourcesReferencesIndexAbout the Authors